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Best 10 : 20th Asia-Pacific interior design awards = Di er shi jie Ya Tai shi nei she ji da jiang ji huo jiang zuo pin ji
Asia Pacific Interior Design Awards (APIDA) is organised by the Hong Kong Interior Design Association. It aims to give recognition to outstanding interior design projects and designers, promoting professional standards and ethics among interior design practices operating in the Asia Pacific region. The awards accept the interior design projects completed in the Asia/Pacific Region, including Hong Kong, Mainland China, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, Malaysia, Macau, Thailand, The Philippines, India, Indonesia, Korea, Australia & New Zealand. This book selects the best projects from the excellent entries for the 20th Asia Pacific Interior Design Awards (APIDA). They fall into chapters, including food space, hotel space, leisure and entertainment space, living space, installation and exhibition space, public space, work space, shopping space and students' projects. This collection shows the readers the wisdom and design ideas of the designers in Asia-pacific region and unveil the design hotspots which belong to the Asia-pacific region.
Book
SOX9 drives the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in non-small-cell lung cancer through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Background
The distant metastasis of cancer cells is a risk factor for tumor lethality and poor prognosis in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Increased SOX9 expression has been associated with clinical stage and poor prognosis in NSCLC, but the molecular mechanisms by which SOX9 promotes metastasis in NSCLC are still unknown.
Methods
The relationship between SOX9 expression and T, N, M classification was assessed using the χ
2
test and Spearman’s analysis in 142 immunohistochemically diagnosed specimens of NSCLC. We also generated SOX9-overexpression and SOX9-knockdown cells lines and their corresponding control cell lines by transfection with lentiviral constructs. In vivo assay, SOX9-overexpressing and SOX9-knockdown NSCLC cells were injected in zebrafish to examine distance metastasis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied to analysis the correlation between SOX9 overexpression and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Luciferase assay was used to check transcriptional activity of TCF/LEF and western blot and immunofluorescence was employed to detect β-catenin translocation in SOX9-overexpression, SOX9-knockdown and their corresponding control cell lines.
Results
We found that SOX9 overexpression correlates with the T, N and M stage significantly (
p
= 0.03, 0.000, and 0.032 respectively) in 142 immunohistochemically diagnosed specimens of NSCLC. SOX9 overexpression was found to decrease the expression of the epithelial cell markers E-cadherin and γ-catenin and increase the expression of the mesenchymal cell markers N-cadherin and vimentin. An in vivo assay showed distant metastasis of the SOX9-overexpressing cells, which was not observed in the SOX9-knockdown cells. These findings indicate that SOX9 promotes distant metastasis by promoting EMT in NSCLC cells. GSEA showed that SOX9 overexpression was significantly correlated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway which was corroborated by the expression of EMT-associated proteins in this pathway and its downstream target genes. SOX9 overexpression was also found to enhance the transcriptional activity of TCF/LEF, promote the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and increase the phosphorylation of GSK3β at Ser9. Further, inhibition of β-catenin suppressed the metastasis-promoting effects of SOX9 overexpression.
Conclusions
This study is the first to report that SOX9 is associated with clinical TNM stage and indicates that SOX9 promotes migration, invasion and the EMT process through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Journal Article
Dual-stimuli responsive and reversibly activatable theranostic nanoprobe for precision tumor-targeting and fluorescence-guided photothermal therapy
The integrated functions of diagnostics and therapeutics make theranostics great potential for personalized medicine. Stimulus-responsive therapy allows spatial control of therapeutic effect only in the site of interest, and offers promising opportunities for imaging-guided precision therapy. However, the imaging strategies in previous stimulus-responsive therapies are ‘always on’ or irreversible ‘turn on’ modality, resulting in poor signal-to-noise ratios or even ‘false positive’ results. Here we show the design of dual-stimuli-responsive and reversibly activatable nanoprobe for precision tumour-targeting and fluorescence-guided photothermal therapy. We fabricate the nanoprobe from asymmetric cyanine and glycosyl-functionalized gold nanorods (AuNRs) with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-specific peptide as a linker to achieve MMPs/pH synergistic and pH reversible activation. The unique activation and glycosyl targetibility makes the nanoprobe bright only in tumour sites with negligible background, while AuNRs and asymmetric cyanine give synergistic photothermal effect. This work paves the way to designing efficient nanoprobes for precision theranostics.
A number of nanomaterials for dual diagnostic and therapeutic application have a number of limitations including poor signal-to-noise ratio. Here, the authors developed dual stimuli-responsive and reversibly activatable nanoprobes for tumour targeting and fluorescence-guided photothermal therapy.
Journal Article
الثقة في النظرية : نجاح لنظام التنمية (البديل) الخاص بالصين
جاء هذا الكتاب تحت عنوان «الثقة في النظرية : نجاح لنظام التنمية \"البديل\" الخاص بالصين» وهو من تأليف (مايا غيو) وترجمة عبد الرحمن النجار. يبحث الكتاب في التطور الصيني السريع خلال الستة عقود الماضية، والدور الذي لعبه الحزب الشيوعي الصيني في تحويل الصين إلى دولة اشتراكية حديثة مزدهرة وقوية وديمقراطية ومتطورة ثقافيا ويستكشف ويستكشف فيما إذا كان صعود الصين يهدد نموذج التنمية الغربي وخاصة بعد أن أضحى صعود الصين حقيقة لا جدال فيها. يعتبر هذا الكتاب من أنجح الكتب التي نشرت عن الصين اليوم. فهو يقدم حججا مقنعة حول نهوض الصين. وتستند الآراء المعبر عنها في الكتاب ليس فقط إلى 60 عاما من تاريخ جمهورية الصين الشعبية وإنجازاتها الملحوظة في العقود الثلاثة الماضية، ولكن أيضا على تاريخها الحديث منذ عام 1840، وتاريخها الذي دام 2000 عام كدولة موحدة، وحضارتها ذات ال 5000 سنة. وتعكس المقابلات التي أجرتها المؤلفة \"مايا غيو\" مراقبتها الدقيقة للصين اليوم. إذ تضمنت أشخاصا من دوائر مختلفة، تشمل مجالات خبرتهم السياسة والاقتصاد والمجتمع والوضع الوطني وتاريخ دبلوماسية الحزب الشيوعي الصيني والاستراتيجية العسكرية وإدارة ممتلكات الدولة والرعاية الصحية والأعمال التجارية الخاصة. وتختلف موضوعات المقابلات على نطاق واسع؛ فمن النظم والنظرية والتطوير والإصلاح، إلى نوعية الحياة والاستراتيجية والدبلوماسية وجميع من كان فيها يؤيدون التعلم من الحضارات الإنسانية، ولكنهم يصرون في الوقت نفسه على ضرورة اتخاذ مسار يناسب الصين بدلا من استنساخ النموذج الغربي. يأتي هذا الكتاب من ضمن سلسلة تتألف من ثلاثة كتب وهي : الثقة في المسار : نموذج جديد لقوة صاعدة، الثقة في النظرية : فلسفة الصين لنظام دولي جديد، والثقة في النظام : نجاح نظام التنمية \"البديل\" في الصين. بما يوفر للقارئ مقاربة نظرية وواقعية لمسار الصين ونظريتها ونظامها، ويشرح أسباب ثقة الدولة الصينية في خياراتها.
Book
Investigating the shared genetic architecture between primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Background
Several studies have found that primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are closely associated. However, the direction and causality of their interactions remain unclear. Thus, this study employs Mendelian Randomization to explore whether there are causal associations of genetically predicted PSC with IBD.
Methods
Genetic variants associated with the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PSC were used as instrumental variables. The statistics for IBD, including ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn’s disease (CD) were derived from GWAS. Then, five methods were used to estimate the effects of genetically predicted PSC on IBD, including MR Egger, Weighted median (WM), Inverse variance weighted (IVW), Simple mode, and Weighted mode. Last, we also evaluated the pleiotropic effects, heterogeneity, and a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis that drives causal associations to confirm the validity of the analysis.
Results
Genetically predicted PSC was significantly associated with an increased risk of UC, according to the study (odds ratio [OR] IVW= 1.0014,
P
<0.05). However, none of the MR methods found significant causal evidence of genetically predicted PSC in CD (All
P
>0.05). The sensitivity analysis results showed that the causal effect estimations of genetically predicted PSC on IBD were robust, and there was no horizontal pleiotropy or statistical heterogeneity.
Conclusions
Our study corroborated a causal association between genetically predicted PSC and UC but did not between genetically predicted PSC and CD. Then, we identification of shared SNPs for PSC and UC, including rs3184504, rs9858213, rs725613, rs10909839, and rs4147359. More animal experiments and clinical observational studies are required to further clarify the underlying mechanisms of PSC and IBD.
Journal Article
PD-L1 blockade liberates intrinsic antitumourigenic properties of glycolytic macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma
ObjectivePatients with increased PD-L1+ host cells in tumours are more potent to benefit from antiprogrammed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) treatment, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. We aim to elucidate the nature, regulation and functional relevance of PD-L1+ host cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).DesignA total of untreated 184 HCC patients was enrolled randomly. C57BL/6 mice are given injection of Hepa1-6 cells to form autologous hepatoma. ELISpot, flow cytometry and real-time PCR are applied to analyse the phenotypic characteristics of PD-L1+ cells isolated directly from HCC specimens paired with blood samples or generated from ex vivo and in vitro culture systems. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry are performed to detect the presence of immune cells on paraffin-embedded and formalin-fixed samples. The underlying regulatory mechanisms of metabolic switching are assessed by both in vitro and in vivo studies.ResultsWe demonstrate that PD-L1+ host macrophages, which constructively represent the major cellular source of PD-L1 in HCC tumours, display an HLA-DRhighCD86high glycolytic phenotype, significantly produce antitumourigenic IL-12p70 and are polarised by intrinsic glycolytic metabolism. Mechanistically, a key glycolytic enzyme PKM2 triggered by hepatoma cell derived fibronectin 1, via a HIF-1α-dependent manner, concurrently controls the antitumourigenic properties and inflammation-mediated PD-L1 expression in glycolytic macrophages. Importantly, although increased PKM2+ glycolytic macrophages predict poor prognosis of patients, blocking PD-L1 on these cells eliminates PD-L1-dominant immunosuppression and liberates intrinsic antitumourigenic properties.ConclusionsSelectively modulating the ‘context’ of glycolytic macrophages in HCC tumours might restore their antitumourigenic properties and provide a precise strategy for anticancer therapy.
Journal Article
Phillygenin Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis via Modulating Inflammation and Gut Microbiota
Liver fibrosis is a chronic pathological process that various pathogenic factors lead to abnormal hyperplasia of hepatic connective tissue, and its main feature is the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. However, there are currently no drugs approved for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Phillygenin (PHI), a lignan isolated from Forsythiae Fructus, showed potential anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis effects but the mechanisms remain unknown. In view of the vital role of gut microbiota in the development of liver fibrosis, this study aimed to explore whether PHI could protect intestinal epithelial barrier and attenuate liver fibrosis by maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota. Therefore, the liver fibrosis model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of olive oil containing 10% carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) for 4 weeks in C57BL/6J mice. Histological analysis including Hematoxylin-Eosin, Masson, Sirius red, and immunohistochemistry staining were carried out to detect the histopathology and collagen deposition of mice liver tissues. The biochemical indexes related to liver function (ALT, AST, AKP, γ-GT), fibrosis (HYP, HAase, LN, PC III, IV-C) and inflammation (TNF-α, MIP-1, LPS) were determined by specific commercial assay kits. In vivo experimental results showed that PHI could improve liver histopathological injury, abnormal liver function, collagen deposition, inflammation and fibrosis caused by CCl 4 . Moreover, PHI restored the intestinal epithelial barrier by promoting the expression of intestinal barrier markers, including ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1. More importantly, the corrective effect of PHI on the imbalance of gut microbiota was confirmed by sequencing of the 16 S rRNA gene. In particular, PHI treatment enriches the relative abundance of Lactobacillus , which is reported to alleviate inflammation and fibrosis of damaged liver. Collectively, PHI attenuates CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis partly via modulating inflammation and gut microbiota.
Journal Article