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Probability-based adaptive capacity rental strategy on shared platform with unknown demand distribution
Capacity sharing presents a transformative strategy in manufacturing, driven by the increasing demand for flexibility and efficiency in a highly uncertain market. Shared platforms play a crucial role in facilitating this transformation by offering a variety of scenarios that enable enterprises to make adaptable decisions. This paper develops a capacity sharing model on a shared platform, addressing two scenarios—standardized and differentiated scenarios—the latter incorporating cost discounts. We propose a probability-based adaptive rental strategy (PAS) in the absence of demand distributions. This strategy depicts human psychology and behavior through three steps: designing options, calculating probabilities, and establishing schemes. It differs from direct optimization of decisions by adaptively addressing stochastic problems through options and probabilities. Experiments demonstrate that PAS can balance flexibility and stability across diverse environments, including Poisson, Normal, multimodal, heavy-tailed distributions, and real-world datasets. Furthermore, it achieves near-optimal average profit performance, with improvements attainable through option adjustments.
Journal Article
Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding
We report epidemiological and clinical investigations on ten pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection cases confirmed by real-time reverse transcription PCR assay of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Symptoms in these cases were nonspecific and no children required respiratory support or intensive care. Chest X-rays lacked definite signs of pneumonia, a defining feature of the infection in adult cases. Notably, eight children persistently tested positive on rectal swabs even after nasopharyngeal testing was negative, raising the possibility of fecal–oral transmission.
Children infected with the COVID-19 outbreak coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, show mild symptoms but prolonged shedding of viral RNA in feces, suggesting that the fecal–oral route might play a role in virus transmission.
Journal Article
Acyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 4 Is Involved in Viral Replication Organelle Formation and Facilitates Virus Replication via Ferroptosis
We provide the first evidence for the role of ACSL4 in enterovirus replication organelle formation. Moreover, both enteroviruses and coronaviruses induce ferroptosis via ACSL4. These findings establish a novel regulatory mechanism for viral replication. The inhibition of ACSL4 by ferroptosis inhibitors can reduce viral yields of enteroviruses and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, implying that ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis is a promising therapeutic target for viral diseases. Enterovirus infections can cause severe complications, such as poliomyelitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, meningitis, neurological pulmonary edema, and even death. Here, we used genome-wide CRISPR screens to gain new insight into the mechanism by which enteroviruses co-opt host pathways to potentiate replication and propagation. We found that acyl-coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) is involved in viral replication organelle formation. ACSL4 is a key component of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent, nonapoptotic programmed cell death. Our results indicated that enteroviruses and coronaviruses can induce ferroptosis via ACSL4. Most importantly, ferroptosis inhibitors, including two FDA-approved drugs, rosiglitazone (ROSI; ACSL4 inhibitor) and pioglitazone (PIO; ACSL4 inhibitor), decreased the viral load of human enteroviruses and coronaviruses, suggesting that ACSL4 is a target for counteracting viral infection. IMPORTANCE We provide the first evidence for the role of ACSL4 in enterovirus replication organelle formation. Moreover, both enteroviruses and coronaviruses induce ferroptosis via ACSL4. These findings establish a novel regulatory mechanism for viral replication. The inhibition of ACSL4 by ferroptosis inhibitors can reduce viral yields of enteroviruses and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, implying that ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis is a promising therapeutic target for viral diseases.
Journal Article
Targeting glutamine metabolism slows soft tissue sarcoma growth
Tumour cells frequently utilize glutamine to meet bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of rapid cell growth. However, glutamine dependence can be highly variable between in vitro and in vivo settings, based on surrounding microenvironments and complex adaptive responses to glutamine deprivation. Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are mesenchymal tumours where cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the primary approach for metastatic or unresectable disease. Therefore, it is critical to identify alternate therapies to improve patient outcomes. Using autochthonous STS murine models and unbiased metabolomics, we demonstrate that glutamine metabolism supports sarcomagenesis. STS subtypes expressing elevated glutaminase (GLS) levels are highly sensitive to glutamine starvation. In contrast to previous studies, treatment of autochthonous tumour-bearing animals with Telaglenastat (CB-839), an orally bioavailable GLS inhibitor, successfully inhibits undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) tumour growth. We reveal glutamine metabolism as critical for sarcomagenesis, with CB-839 exhibiting potent therapeutic potential.
Glutamine is an energetic source required for the proliferation of cancer cells. Here, the authors show that soft tissue sarcomas expressing high levels of glutaminase (GLS) are particularly sensitive to glutamine starvation and GLS inhibition in tumour-bearing allograft and autochthonous mouse models.
Journal Article
High Repetition Rate Mid-Infrared Differential Absorption Lidar for Atmospheric Pollution Detection
Developments in mid-infrared Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL), for gas remote sensing, have received a significant amount of research in recent years. In this paper, a high repetition rate tunable mid-infrared DIAL, mounted on a mobile platform, has been built for long range remote detection of gas plumes. The lidar uses a solid-state tunable optical parametric oscillator laser, which can emit laser pulse with repetition rate of 500 Hz and between the band from 2.5 μm to 4 μm. A monitoring channel has been used to record the laser energy in real-time and correct signals. Convolution correction technology has also been incorporated to choose the laser wavelengths. Taking NO2 and SO2 as examples, lidar system calibration experiment and open field observation experiment have been carried out. The observation results show that the minimum detection sensitivity of NO2 and SO2 can reach 0.07 mg/m3, and 0.31 mg/m3, respectively. The effective temporal resolution can reach second level for the high repetition rate of the laser, which demonstrates that the system can be used for the real-time remote sensing of atmospheric pollution gas.
Journal Article