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"Gordon, Geoffrey"
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Rat corneal endothelial cell migration during wound repair on the basement membrane depends more on the PI-3K pathway than the cdc-42 pathway or actin stress fibers
Following a central transcorneal circular freeze injury, organ-cultured rat corneal endothelial cells surrounding the wound reorganize peripheral actin bands into stress fibers and migrate individually into the wound. To ascertain the significance of this rearrangement relative to morphological changes accompanying migration and wound repair, some tissues were incubated overnight in 4 μM TRITC-conjugated phalloidin to stabilize actin and prevent its reorganization. After a freeze injury to the endothelium tissues were histologically observed at 24 h post-wounding and demonstrated that despite a lack of actin organization, cells responding to the injury appeared morphologically similar to their control counterparts. Tissues cultivated in the presence of either cytochalasin B (CB), soybean agglutinin (SBA), or fluorouracil (FU) and also exhibited actin cytoskeletal disruption. Under these conditions, migration continued despite the absence of detectable stress fibers. For SBA-, CB-, and FU-treated tissues, wound repair did not significantly differ from control preparations although FU-treated tissues showed a slower repair. Electron micrographs confirmed an absence of stress fibers in migrating cells treated with any of these agents. Tissues were also treated with ML 141 and EY294002 to inhibit the cdc-42 and PI-3K pathways, respectively. While cell movement still occurred in the presence of ML 141, migration into the wound was greatly restricted in the presence of EY294002. These results indicate that rat corneal endothelial cell movement in situ does not require actin reorganization into stress fibers, but the functioning of the PI-3K pathway is indispensable for their migration along the basement membrane during wound repair.
Journal Article
Multi-channel shopping: understanding what drives channel choice
Observes that traditional retail, catalog, and online-only businesses face a critical decision - to accept a new, yet unrefined business model that includes multiple channels or to retain their single channel model and risk becoming obsolete and left behind by new, multi-channel competitors. The decision process and implementation of a multi-channel strategy could be simplified if businesses understood what drives consumers to a single channel, multiple channels, and which channels are preferred. Outlines the key issues facing multi-channel marketers, and encourages multi-channel businesses to take a customer-centric view rather than a channel focused view to work through the challenges unique to the multi-channel marketer. A model of multi-channel buyer behavior is proposed to help the multi-channel marketer develop a customer-centric view. Presents a series of propositions which serve to encourage and direct future research in this area.
Journal Article
Trust and customer willingness to provide information in database-driven relationship marketing
As organizations continue to embrace the concept of building customer relationships as a way of creating a competitive advantage, they seek to understand what makes a customer relationship successful. This article reports the results of a survey of consumers that explores one construct—trust in the organization—and its role in customers’ perception of their relationship with an organization. In addition, trust in the organization and its influence on customers’ willingness to provide the information necessary to help build a strong relationship is examined. The findings provide some support for the role of trust in building relationships, as well as identifying which factors are important in building that trust.
Journal Article
The training of sales managers
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine sales manager training approaches, methods, and instructors (as well as their perceived effectiveness, frequency, and assessment).Design methodology approach - Utilizing a survey approach, data were collected (and analyzed) from 355 members of two associations: the United Professional Sales Association and the American Society for Training and Development.Findings - First, internal training approaches and instructors are most commonly used and perceived as most effective. Second, sales managers are exposed to a wide variety of training content as part of their training activities. Third, the frequency, duration, and assessment of training vary widely among respondent organizations.Research limitations implications - The utilized sample of sales managers and trainers are employed by firms within the USA. Cultural differences could exist in training practices, training content, and perceptions of effectiveness among respondents from other countries.Practical implications - First, sales manager training activities lie on a continuum that complicates effectiveness measurement. Second, sales manager training should be provided in the field by those who are either senior to or more knowledgeable on the training topic(s) than the sales manager. Third, internet-based training methods are still in their infancy. Fourth, the complexities associated with the sales manager position lead to a need for varied training being delivered by diverse instructors.Originality value - Almost a decade has passed since the last empirical studies of the \"nuts and bolts\" of sales manager training practices were published. The current study builds on previous work by utilizing a larger sample and incorporating technology advances and new content areas (e.g. financial analysis, networking, partnering, cross-functional activities).
Journal Article
Field guide to the difficult patient interview
Written by physicians skilled at coaching colleagues in physician-patient communication, this pocket guide presents practical strategies for handling a wide variety of difficult patient interviews. Each chapter presents a hypothetical scenario, describes effective communication techniques for each phase of the interaction, and identifies pitfalls to avoid. The presentation includes examples of physician-patient dialogue, illustrations showing body language, and key references. This edition includes new chapters on caring for physician-patients, communicating with colleagues, disclosing unexpected outcomes and medical errors, shared decision making and informed consent, and teaching communication skills. Other new chapters describe clinical attitudes such as patience, curiosity, and hope.
eBook
Metropole
Geoffrey G. O’Brien’s third collection opens with a set of lyric experiments whose music and mutable syntax explore the social relations concealed in material things. O’Brien’s poems measure the “vague cadence” of daily life, testing both the value and limits of art in a time of vanishing publics and permanent war. The long title poem, written in a strict iambic prose, charts the disappearance of the poetic into the prosaic, of meter into the mundane, while reactivating the very possibilities it mourns: O’Brien’s prosody invests the prose of things with the intensities of verse. In the charged space of this hybrid form, objects become subjects and sense pivots mid-sentence into song: “The sun revolves around the earth revolves around the sun.”
eBook
THE EFFECTS OF NONPROFIT BRAND PERSONALITY AND SELF-BRAND CONGRUITY ON BRAND RELATIONSHIPS
Nonprofits are facing a competitive marketplace in which securing resources has become a key concern. Branding is an essential activity, which may help nonprofits form stronger relationships with their constituents. This study looks into the brand relationships (i.e., financial, time, and social/ recommending support) donors and volunteers have with a nonprofit organization. Different nonprofit brand personality dimensions (Venable, Rose, Bush, & Gilbert, 2005) are predicted to affect how individuals engage with nonprofits. After utilizing multivariate analysis of variances, survey data collected from a small nonprofit of 182 respondents indicates nurturance and sophistication brand personalities lead to ones willingness to volunteer time to a nonprofit organization. Nurturance and ruggedness dimensions affect an individual s willingness to recommend the nonprofit organization. By assessing ones own personality with the nonprofits personality (i.e., self-brand congruity), nurturance is a strong indicator of brand relationship engagement.
Journal Article
Innate Cosmopolitan Dialectics at the ICJ: Changing Perceptions of International Community, the Role of the Court, and the Legacy of Judge Álvarez
Traditional conceptions of the international community have come under stress in a time of expanding international public order. Various initiatives purport to observe a reconceived international community from a variety of perspectives: transnational, administrative, pluralist, constitutional, etc. The perspectives on this changing dynamic evidenced by the International Court of Justice, however, have been largely neglected. But as the principal judicial institution tasked with representing the diversity of legal perspectives in the world, the Court represents an important forum by which to understand the changing appreciation of international community. While decisions of the Court have been restrained, an active discourse has been carried forward among individual judges. I look at part of that discourse, organized around one perspective, which I refer to as innate cosmopolitanism, introduced to the forum of the ICJ by the opinions of Judge Álvarez. The innate cosmopolitan perspective reflects an idea of the international community as an autonomous collectivity, enjoying a will, interests, or ends of its own, independent of constituent states. The application of that perspective under international law is put most to test in matters of international security, in particular where the interest in a discrete, global public order runs up against the right to self-defence vested in states. The innate cosmopolitan perspective has not, in these cases, achieved a controlling position – but, over time, it has been part of a dialectical process showing a change in the appreciation of international community before the Court, and a changing perception from the bench of the role of the Court in that community.
Journal Article
Anytime Point-Based Approximations for Large POMDPs
The Partially Observable Markov Decision Process has long been recognized as a rich framework for real-world planning and control problems, especially in robotics. However exact solutions in this framework are typically computationally intractable for all but the smallest problems. A well-known technique for speeding up POMDP solving involves performing value backups at specific belief points, rather than over the entire belief simplex. The efficiency of this approach, however, depends greatly on the selection of points. This paper presents a set of novel techniques for selecting informative belief points which work well in practice. The point selection procedure is combined with point-based value backups to form an effective anytime POMDP algorithm called Point-Based Value Iteration (PBVI). The first aim of this paper is to introduce this algorithm and present a theoretical analysis justifying the choice of belief selection technique. The second aim of this paper is to provide a thorough empirical comparison between PBVI and other state-of-the-art POMDP methods, in particular the Perseus algorithm, in an effort to highlight their similarities and differences. Evaluation is performed using both standard POMDP domains and realistic robotic tasks.
Journal Article