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The wholesale electricity and capacity market constitute the backbone of the Russian power industry. It is in this market that large suppliers and buyers operate, and its entire turnover is consequently transmitted to the retail market. Our paper presents a theoretical overview of the main tools for forming the cost of electricity and capacity in the wholesale market in Russia (depending on the regional affiliation), the type of end users, and the degree of state participation. We consider the specifics of the formation of the cost of electricity and capacity in the price and non-price wholesale markets of Russia, which differ in territorial, climatic, and economic characteristics, as well as the established structure of generation. In the empirical part of the paper, we carry out a structural analysis of the volumes of trade in electricity and capacity in the price and non-price zones of the market. Furthermore, we explain the reasons for the current dynamics of prices in the wholesale market. Using the obtained results, we calculate the maximum annual effect of the solar power plant operation in various zones of the Russian wholesale market, as well as in the retail market. In addition, we estimate the economic incentive for the transition of the functioning of power facilities from the wholesale to the retail market. Our results can be of considerable practical importance and might be used for improving the strategy for the development of the electric power industry at the regional level both in Russia and in the other countries.

The process of development of universities from the places where medieval elites met to conduct alliances and partnerships to the modern biotechnological and digital institutions of higher education, research and business took several centuries and went through four main stages. This paper describes the role and the place of the University 4.0 within the context of the sustainable development of higher education in the 21 st century. We show that University 4.0 is designed to promote the technology industry through partnerships that support research, marketing, workforce development, as well as entrepreneurship. In keeping with the cooperative nature efforts directed and driven by the policy-makers and relevant stakeholders need to be dedicated to promoting modern universities as hub for the development of intelligent, connected technologies and services that would lead to the sustainable development of higher education that would reflect the challenges of our time.

Our article focuses on the environmental security and sustainable development of large urban centres. In addition, it analyses the demographic and ecological situation in the Russian Federation in order to determine the environmental influence of the social and economic factors as well as the factors of development and growth of large urban hubs. The results demonstrate that there exists a necessity to increase the environmental security in order to foster the sustainable development in the regions and urban centres that would lead to the better satisfaction with the level of life, lower mortality, and growing economic well-being. All of these can be achieved using balanced state support and policies targeted at increasing environmental security and creation of the sustainable future for the generation to come.

The paper offers a comprehensive indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of state policy in the field of environmental safety and environmental development. The indicator under consideration can be a flexible tool for justifying the effectiveness of strategic planning measures in the field of environmental development, taking into account current development trends. The idea of solving the optimization problem (bringing the values of the complex indicator to the maximum) of forming a rational action plan for the implementation of state policy in the field of environmental safety and environmental development is proposed.

Evaluation of acoustic characteristics of an internal combustion engine (ICE) takes into account its capability to reduce gas dynamic noise from exhausted gases as well as the level of structural (housing) noise emitted by the dynamically excited housing. The muffler housing is dynamically excited in a mechanical way from an ICE vibrating on the suspension as well as by a pulsating flow of exhaust gases transmitting vibration energy via hard support ties of rubber metallic suspension supports on the vehicle frame or body and emitting sound to the surrounding space. One of the methods to reduce the level of muffler housing noise is making the housing double-layered with internal and external walls made of metal, or making it triple-layered containing a vibration damping spacer between the internal and external walls. An efficient solution is the use of a loose vibration damping substances represented by quartz sand as a vibration damping spacer. The article considers the study results of structural sound levels emitted by triple-layered walls of an ICE muffler depending on the bulk density of quartz sand used as a vibration damping spacer between muffler housing walls.

Our paper discusses how sustainable education has evolved at higher education institutions (HEIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic by embracing digitalization and novel technologies. In addition, it describes the innovative methods for integrating technology into professional education during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluate the global practices and fundamental changes in the sphere of higher education, particularly regarding sustainable education and digitalization. The paper aims at describing the challenges faced by higher education institutions in adopting sustainable education and digitalization, as well as the opportunities for growth and innovation that have arisen due to the pandemic. Our methods include the empirical model, which assesses the acceptance and usage of novel digital technologies for promoting sustainable education by university professors and academic researchers in four major Russian cities (Moscow, Krasnodar, Kazan, and Saint Petersburg) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the model reveal the significance of implementing sustainability in the classroom, which could bring positive outcomes to both students and teachers. Our study provides a valuable resource for educators seeking techniques, models, and practical advice to overcome the obstacles of teaching in a digitally connected learning environment in Russia and beyond. Specifically, we propose that the primary focus of digitalizing professional education should be on teachers and instructors who are enthusiastic about leveraging technology for learning and who are familiar with novel digital technologies. It appears that digital technologies are capable of transforming teaching practices for sustainable education and economic development.

Aim: Our research concentrates on the sustainable development and digital transformation of educational systems. This topic has gained the special attention of researchers and policymakers in recent years due to the wide spread of information and communication technologies (ICT) and the digital surge that can be observed all around the world. This digital surge, which can also be called a digital revolution, was further deepened by the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in the massive closure of schools and universities and the deployment of online and home learning.Methods: We use data obtained from researchers and lecturers at universities and higher education institutions in the Czech Republic and Russia between September 2020 and March 2021 to perform ordinal regression analysis. This allows us to test the relationships between effectiveness as a key factor of creativity on one side and motivation to look for new ways of teaching and research during and after the COVID-19 pandemic on the other.Results: Overall, it appears that there are still many obstacles to the digital transformation of educational systems that might be embedded in the structure and the scope of today’s educational institutions. We demonstrate that, at present, universities and higher educational institutions are undergoing r`adical change driven by the need to digitize education and training processes in record time, and that many academics lack the innate technical skills for online education. Nevertheless, it appears that young and motivated academics and researchers are keen on embracing new technologies and support the digital transformation of educational systems.Conclusions: Our results might be useful for decision-makers and stakeholders in universities and higher education institutions for designing their strategies for the digitalization of educational systems.

This paper explores the role of energy-saving technologies and energy efficiency in the post-COVID era. The pandemic meant major rethinking of the entrenched patterns in energy saving and efficiency. It also provided opportunities for reevaluating energy consumption for households and industries. In addition, it highlighted the importance of employing digital tools and technologies in energy networks and smart grids (e.g. Internet of Energy (IoE), peer-to-peer (P2P) prosumer networks, or the AI-powered autonomous power systems (APS)). In addition, the pandemic added novel legal aspects to the energy efficiency and energy saving and enhanced inter-national collaborations and partnerships. The paper highlights the importance of energy efficiency measures and examines various technologies that can contribute to a sustainable and resilient energy future. Using the bibliometric network analysis of 12960 publications indexed in Web of Science databases, it demonstrates the potential benefits and challenges associated with implementing energy-saving technologies and autonomic power systems in a post-COVID world. Our findings emphasize the need for robust policies, technological advancements, and public engagement to foster energy efficiency and mitigate the environmental impacts of energy consumption.

This paper explores the role of energy-saving technologies and energy efficiency in the post-COVID era. The pandemic meant major rethinking of the entrenched patterns in energy saving and efficiency. It also provided opportunities for reevaluating energy consumption for households and industries. In addition, it highlighted the importance of employing digital tools and technologies in energy networks and smart grids (e.g. Internet of Energy (IoE), peer-to-peer (P2P) prosumer networks, or the AI-powered autonomous power systems (APS)). In addition, the pandemic added novel legal aspects to the energy efficiency and energy saving and enhanced inter-national collaborations and partnerships. The paper highlights the importance of energy efficiency measures and examines various technologies that can contribute to a sustainable and resilient energy future. Using the bibliometric network analysis of 12960 publications indexed in Web of Science databases, it demonstrates the potential benefits and challenges associated with implementing energy-saving technologies and autonomic power systems in a post-COVID world. Our findings emphasize the need for robust policies, technological advancements, and public engagement to foster energy efficiency and mitigate the environmental impacts of energy consumption.