Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
220
result(s) for
"Gu, Jiayu"
Sort by:
Impact of gliomas in different brain hemispheres on anxiety and the prognosis of neurosurgical patients
Several studies have reported that laterality of the human brain affects anxiety levels. However, the correlation between anxiety and glioma laterality remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different hemispheric gliomas on the anxiety and prognosis of patients with glioma and to explore the independent risk factors for anxiety in different hemispheric gliomas. This study included 379 patients with gliomas. Two different scales, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), were both applied before surgery and at 6 months and 1 year after surgery. All these patients were followed up until death or 36 months. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were identified from the survival data of these patients. Anxiety scores before surgery were higher in patients with right-hemisphere gliomas than in patients with gliomas in the left hemisphere. However, this difference was not observed at 6 months or 1 year after surgery. We found that female sex, diabetes, epilepsy, and World Health Organization (WHO) grade were independent risk factors for anxiety in patients with left hemispheric gliomas and that epilepsy was an independent risk factor for anxiety in patients with right hemispheric gliomas. Worse OS and PFS were closely related to gliomas in the left hemisphere. Gliomas in the right hemisphere are more likely to cause anxiety. Gliomas in the left hemisphere tend to lead to poorer survival. Risk factors might contribute to early psychological prevention in patients with gliomas.
Journal Article
The Prevalence and Diversity of Marine Toxin–Antitoxin Systems
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems, ubiquitous in bacterial and archaeal genomes, play pivotal roles in responding to environmental stresses, forming biofilms, defending against phages, and influencing pathogen virulence. The marine environment harbors Earth’s most diverse and abundant microbial communities, where microorganisms have evolved unique genetic adaptations and specialized metabolic processes to thrive amid distinct environmental challenges. Research on the presence and function of TA systems in marine bacteria lags significantly behind that in model bacteria and pathogens. Here, we explored the diversity of the TA system in marine bacteria, including species from the Global Ocean Microbiome Catalogue (GOMC) and the Mariana Trench Environment and Ecology Research (MEER) databases. Our findings revealed that types I to VII (featuring protein toxins) of eight types of TA systems are prevalent in these microorganisms, with unidentified TA combinations diverging from previously characterized systems. Interestingly, some toxins or antitoxins lack canonical counterparts, indicating evolutionary divergence. Additionally, previously uncharacterized potential TA systems have been identified in extremophilic bacteria from the deep-sea Mariana Trench. These results highlight the adaptive importance of marine TA systems, which are likely operating through unconventional mechanisms.
Journal Article
Discrete element modeling of particles sphericity effect on sand direct shear performance
Particle surface morphology is an important factor influencing sand structure and mechanical properties. In this study, the effect of sand particle sphericity on sand direct shear performance is investigated by using the discrete element method (DEM). Two ways are adapted to simulate different approaching methods from round particles to irregular sand. The macroresponse shows that irregular sand has a higher shear strength at lower normal stress than round particles. The shape of the particle has less influence on shear strength at higher normal stress. The irregular shape of sand leads to an increase in the shear band proportion. However, the shear band proportion is not related to the sphericity. Under all conditions, particles within the shear band have a larger average rotation angle than those outside the shear band. When the particle shape approaches round (regardless of the round particle proportion and particle shape), the average rotation angle of particles within and without shear bands increase, while the coordinate number and contact anisotropy decrease.
Journal Article
Effects of Different Doses of Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on the Composition of Mice Fecal Microbiota, Especially the Bifidobacterium Composition
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are a well-known class of prebiotic and are considered to selectively stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria in the gut. Previous studies focused on the growth stimulation of Bifidobacterium, but they did not further investigate the bifidobacterial composition and the specific species that were stimulated. In this study, mice were fed with FOS in different doses for four weeks and the composition of fecal microbiota, in particular Bifidobacterium, was analyzed by sequencing the V3–V4 region and the groEL gene on the MiSeq platform, respectively. In the high-dose group, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria was significantly increased, which was mainly contributed by Bifidobacterium. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Blautia and Coprococcus were also significantly increased. Through the groEL sequencing, 14 species of Bifidobacterium were identified, among which B. pseudolongum was most abundant. After FOS treatment, B. pseudolongum became almost the sole bifidobacterial species (>95%). B. pseudolongum strains were isolated and demonstrated their ability to metabolize FOS by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Therefore, we inferred that FOS significantly stimulated the growth of B. pseudolongum in mice. Further investigations are needed to reveal the mechanism of selectiveness between FOS and B. pseudolongum, which would aid our understanding of the basic principles between dietary carbohydrates and host health.
Journal Article
Crosstalk between inovirus core gene and accessory toxin-antitoxin system mediates polylysogeny
Polylysogeny, the harboring of multiple prophages within a single bacterial genome, is common among bacterial pathogens and enhances virulence and genome plasticity. Inoviruses (filamentous phages) are often present in multiple copies in major pathogens, leading to polylysogeny. Two highly similar filamentous phages (Pf4 and Pf6) are integrated into the widely distributed model
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
strain, and both prophages are activated during biofilm formation. It remains unclear whether the two prophages function competitively or cooperatively. Here, we show a crosstalk between Pf4’s core region protein RepG4 (PA0717) and Pf6’s accessory KKP (kinase-kinase-phosphatase) toxin-antitoxin module that coordinates their propagation. RepG4, involved in Pf4 phage replication, triggers kinase-mediated toxicity of KKP in a dose-dependent manner by degrading the phosphatase antitoxin. This crosstalk serves as a molecular brake, preventing excessive Pf4 production and coordinating the release of both Pf4 and Pf6 phages during biofilm maturation. Our findings provide valuable insights into the significance of the tight regulation between phage core genes and accessory genes in establishing a mutualistic interaction between co-resident prophages.
Filamentous phages Pf4 and Pf6 are integrated into
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Here, the authors investigate the crosstalk between these two prophages and reveal its contribution to biofilm formation, maintenance of polylysogeny and pathogenicity.
Journal Article
Isolation and Characterization of a Lytic Phage PaTJ Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major global threat to human health, and phage therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. In this study, we isolated and characterized a Pseudomonas lytic phage, PaTJ, from wastewater. PaTJ belongs to the phage family Mesyanzhinovviridae, and is featured by short latency (30 min) and large burst size (103 PFU per infected cell). Our investigation revealed that PaTJ utilizes the type IV Pili (T4P) as a receptor. Transcriptome analysis of PaTJ infected host at latent stage showed distinct expression patterns of PaTJ encoding genes involved in replication and structure assembly, without expression of the majority of toxic accessory genes responsible for phage release. In addition, host bacteria exhibited specific induction of host metabolism-related genes in response to the PaTJ’s infection. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated the PaTJ’s potential in degrading biofilms. This work sheds light on the multifaceted impact of this lytic phage PaTJ on P. aeruginosa, presenting potential applications in both gene expression modulation and biofilm management.
Journal Article
A large‐scale whole‐exome sequencing mutant resource for functional genomics in wheat
Hexaploid wheat (
Triticum aestivum
), a major staple crop, has a remarkably large genome of ~14.4 Gb (containing 106 913 high‐confidence [HC] and 159 840 low‐confidence [LC] genes in the Chinese Spring v2.1 reference genome), which poses a major challenge for functional genomics studies. To overcome this hurdle, we performed whole‐exome sequencing to generate a nearly saturated wheat mutant database containing 18 025 209 mutations induced by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), carbon (C)‐ion beams, or γ‐ray mutagenesis. This database contains an average of 47.1 mutations per kb in each gene‐coding sequence: the potential functional mutations were predicted to cover 96.7% of HC genes and 70.5% of LC genes. Comparative analysis of mutations induced by EMS, γ‐rays, or C‐ion beam irradiation revealed that γ‐ray and C‐ion beam mutagenesis induced a more diverse array of variations than EMS, including large‐fragment deletions, small insertions/deletions, and various non‐synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms. As a test case, we combined mutation analysis with phenotypic screening and rapidly mapped the candidate gene responsible for the phenotype of a yellow‐green leaf mutant to a 2.8‐Mb chromosomal region. Furthermore, a proof‐of‐concept reverse genetics study revealed that mutations in gibberellic acid biosynthesis and signalling genes could be associated with negative impacts on plant height. Finally, we built a publically available database of these mutations with the corresponding germplasm (seed stock) repository to facilitate advanced functional genomics studies in wheat for the broad plant research community.
Journal Article
Nascent liver proteome reveals enzymes and transcription regulators under physiological and alcohol exposure conditions
The liver proteome undergoes dynamic changes while performing hundreds of essential biological functions. Dysregulation of the liver proteome under alcoholic conditions leads to alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), a major health challenge worldwide. There is an urgent need for quantitative and liver-specific proteome information in living animals to understand the pathophysiological dynamics of this largest solid organ. Here, we develop a comprehensive approach that specifically identifies the nascent proteome and preferentially enriches membrane proteins in living mouse hepatocytes and is broadly applicable to studies of the liver under various physiological and pathological conditions. In the ethanol-induced liver injury mouse model, the nascent proteome successfully identifies and validates a number of transcription regulators, enzymes, and protective chaperones involved in the molecular regulation of hepatic steatosis, in addition to almost all known regulatory proteins and pathways related to alcohol metabolism. We discover that Phb1/2 is an important transcription coregulator in the process of ethanol metabolism, and one identified fatty acid metabolism enzyme Acsl1/5, whose inhibition protects cells and mice from lipid accumulation, a key symptom of hepatic steatosis.
Liver proteome dysregulation contributes to the development of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), a major global health challenge. Here, the authors develop an approach to specifically identify the liver nascent proteome under various physiological and pathological conditions, revealing key regulators involved in hepatic steatosis.
Journal Article
RNAseq analysis reveals pathways and candidate genes associated with salinity tolerance in a spaceflight-induced wheat mutant
Salinity stress has become an increasing threat to food security worldwide and elucidation of the mechanism for salinity tolerance is of great significance. Induced mutation, especially spaceflight mutagenesis, is one important method for crop breeding. In this study, we show that a spaceflight-induced wheat mutant, named
salinity tolerance 1
(
st1
), is a salinity-tolerant line. We report the characteristics of transcriptomic sequence variation induced by spaceflight, and show that mutations in genes associated with sodium ion transport may directly contribute to salinity tolerance in
st1
. Furthermore, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between salinity-treated
st1
and wild type suggested that the homeostasis of oxidation-reduction process is important for salt tolerance in
st1
. Through KEGG pathway analysis, “Butanoate metabolism” was identified as a new pathway for salinity responses. Additionally, key genes for salinity tolerance, such as genes encoding arginine decarboxylase, polyamine oxidase, hormones-related, were not only salt-induced in
st1
but also showed higher expression in salt-treated
st1
compared with salt-treated WT, indicating that these genes may play important roles in salinity tolerance in
st1
. This study presents valuable genetic resources for studies on transcriptome variation caused by induced mutation and the identification of salt tolerance genes in crops.
Journal Article