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Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication after cataract surgery attributed to the proliferation and migration of postoperative residual lens epithelial cells (LECs). The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FEZ family zinc finger 1 antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1) promotes the proliferation and migration of multiple types of cancer cells. Here, we discovered that FEZF1-AS1 is markedly upregulated in TGF-β2-treated SRA01/04 cells. In addition, the proliferation and migration of SRA01/04 cells were enhanced following TGF-β2 treatment. FEZF1-AS1 knockdown inhibited the TGF-β2-induced proliferation and migration of SRA01/04 cells. Accordingly, FEZF1-AS1 overexpression promoted the TGF-β2-induced proliferation and migration of SRA01/04 cells. Finally, FEZF1-AS1 upregulated TGF-β2-induced SRA01/04 cell proliferation and migration via boosting FEZF1 protein levels. Our findings indicate that the dysregulation of FEZF1-AS1 participates in the TGF-β2-induced proliferation and migration of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs), which might be achieved, at least in part, through the induction of FEZF1 expression.

Purpose Myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a common reason for visual impairment. This study investigated the clinical effects of repeated intravitreal injections of ranibizumab among patients with CNV secondary to pathologic myopia. Methods This study involved a single-center, non-randomized clinical prospective cohort research design including 39 patients with myopic CNV and a control group of 10 patients with cataract. Plasma and aqueous humor samples were analyzed to compare cytokine concentrations between the two groups and assess changes after intravitreal ranibizumab injections. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were also monitored. Results BCVA values and CMT varied significantly after intravitreal ranibizumab injections. The study group had significantly higher plasma concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and significantly lower epidermal growth factor (EGF) and angiopoietin-2 concentrations than the control group. Likewise, in the aqueous humor, the study group had significantly higher concentrations of fibroblast growth factor and significantly lower concentrations of EGF and VEGF-A than the control group. The average VEGF-A content decreased significantly after 1 and 2 months relative to the baseline. Mean VEGF-D and endoglin contents at two months were significantly reduced compared to the baseline and at 1 month. The average EGF contents were significantly higher at 2 months than the baseline. Conclusion Ranibizumab could increase the BCVA and lower the CMT and cytokines involved in angiogenesis. This study contributes to further understanding the pathogenesis of myopic CNV and promoting new drug research and development for patients with this condition.

Understanding p53-independent regulatory mechanisms is crucial for predicting outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and developing improved therapeutic strategies. We found that PDLIM4 is highly expressed in LUAD tumor tissues, where it induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and suppresses cell proliferation, suggesting its potential role in improving patient prognosis. Our study identified BRD4, a bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family protein, as a key transcriptional regulator of PDLIM4, acting through its BD1 domain. Further analysis revealed that wild-type PDLIM4 stabilizes p21 by blocking its RNA degradation, leading to p21 protein accumulation and subsequent inhibition of cell proliferation. In contrast, the S116 mutation in PDLIM4 abrogates this regulatory effect. Notably, activation of the BRD4/PDLIM4/p21 pathway enhanced chemosensitivity to doxorubicin in both LUAD cells and xenograft tumor models. Given the high mutation frequency of PDLIM4 recorded in the TCGA cancer database, our findings reveal a critical regulatory signaling pathway that suppresses LUAD progression and augments chemotherapy efficacy.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication after cataract surgery attributed to the proliferation and migration of postoperative residual lens epithelial cells (LECs). The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FEZ family zinc finger 1 antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1) promotes the proliferation and migration of multiple types of cancer cells. Here, we discovered that FEZF1-AS1 is markedly upregulated in TGF- β 2-treated SRA01/04 cells. In addition, the proliferation and migration of SRA01/04 cells were enhanced following TGF- β 2 treatment. FEZF1-AS1 knockdown inhibited the TGF- β 2-induced proliferation and migration of SRA01/04 cells. Accordingly, FEZF1-AS1 overexpression promoted the TGF- β 2-induced proliferation and migration of SRA01/04 cells. Finally, FEZF1-AS1 upregulated TGF- β 2-induced SRA01/04 cell proliferation and migration via boosting FEZF1 protein levels. Our findings indicate that the dysregulation of FEZF1-AS1 participates in the TGF- β 2-induced proliferation and migration of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs), which might be achieved, at least in part, through the induction of FEZF1 expression.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication after cataract surgery attributed to the proliferation and migration of postoperative residual lens epithelial cells (LECs). The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FEZ family zinc finger 1 antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1) promotes the proliferation and migration of multiple types of cancer cells. Here, we discovered that FEZF1-AS1 is markedly upregulated in TGF-[beta]2-treated SRA01/04 cells. In addition, the proliferation and migration of SRA01/ 04 cells were enhanced following TGF-[beta]2 treatment. FEZF1-AS1 knockdown inhibited the TGF-j82-induced proliferation and migration of SRA01/04 cells. Accordingly, FEZF1-AS1 overexpression promoted the TGF-[beta]2-induced proliferation and migration of SRA01/04 cells. Finally, FEZF1-AS1 upregulated TGF-[beta]2-induced SRA01/04cell proliferation and migration via boosting FEZF1 protein levels. Our findings indicate that the dysregulation of FEZF1-AS1 participates in the TGF-[beta]2-induced proliferation and migration of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs), which might be achieved, at least in part, through the induction of FEZF1 expression.

We applied the combination of in situ electrochemical liquid-phase microextraction and square-wave voltammetric stripping analysis for the first time as a highly sensitive and selective approach for the detection of dopamine. A mixed gel of graphene sheets and an ionic liquid of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexaflurophosphate （OMimPF6） was used as a micro liquid-phase to pre-concentrate dopamine by controlled potential electrolysis from an aqueous solution （as a donor phase）, followed by square-wave voltammetric stripping detection. Under optimized conditions, a linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 μmol/L in the presence of excess ascorbic acid and uric acid. The detection limit has been found to be 8.0 nmol/L （S/N=3）.

Lower olefins are hydrocarbons that are widely used in the chemical industry, and can be generated from syngas by the ‘Fischer–Tropsch to olefins’ process; here, a new catalyst is described that can generate lower olefins from syngas with high selectivity, with little formation of undesirable methane. Lower olefines—and not much methane—from biomass The lower olefins—chiefly ethylene, propylene and butylene—are starting materials for many plastics and other industrial products. They are usually obtained by cracking hydrocarbon feedstocks, so as petroleum reserves become depleted the urgency to switch to alternative feedstocks such as biomass increases. The 'Fischer–Tropsch to olefins' (FTO) process produces lower olefines from syngas—a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide derived from biomass, coal and natural gas—but at the same time produces large amounts of unwanted methane. Here Liangshu Zhong and colleagues describe a new catalyst for the FTO conversion. Formed from cobalt carbide nanoprisms, the catalyst is active in mild reaction conditions, is highly selective for lower olefins and, critically, produces very little methane. Lower olefins—generally referring to ethylene, propylene and butylene—are basic carbon-based building blocks that are widely used in the chemical industry, and are traditionally produced through thermal or catalytic cracking of a range of hydrocarbon feedstocks, such as naphtha, gas oil, condensates and light alkanes 1 , 2 . With the rapid depletion of the limited petroleum reserves that serve as the source of these hydrocarbons, there is an urgent need for processes that can produce lower olefins from alternative feedstocks 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 . The ‘Fischer–Tropsch to olefins’ (FTO) process has long offered a way of producing lower olefins directly from syngas—a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide that is readily derived from coal, biomass and natural gas 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 . But the hydrocarbons obtained with the FTO process typically follow the so-called Anderson–Schulz–Flory distribution, which is characterized by a maximum C 2 –C 4 hydrocarbon fraction of about 56.7 per cent and an undesired methane fraction of about 29.2 per cent (refs 1 , 10 , 11 , 12 ). Here we show that, under mild reaction conditions, cobalt carbide quadrangular nanoprisms catalyse the FTO conversion of syngas with high selectivity for the production of lower olefins (constituting around 60.8 per cent of the carbon products), while generating little methane (about 5.0 per cent), with the ratio of desired unsaturated hydrocarbons to less valuable saturated hydrocarbons amongst the C 2 –C 4 products being as high as 30. Detailed catalyst characterization during the initial reaction stage and theoretical calculations indicate that preferentially exposed {101} and {020} facets play a pivotal role during syngas conversion, in that they favour olefin production and inhibit methane formation, and thereby render cobalt carbide nanoprisms a promising new catalyst system for directly converting syngas into lower olefins.

Establishing trust and reputation for evaluation of message reliability is key to the vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Most of the previous reputation management systems focus on the effectiveness of the reputation management system in handling the liars who send false service messages. However, these reputation management systems have two drawbacks. One is that they are vulnerable to tactical attacks such as self-promoting attacks and bad-mouthing attacks. The other is that they may violate location privacy because they assume every vehicle communicates with a unique ID. Our research particularly investigates the robustness against these tactical attacks, as well as the preservation of privacy by integrating trust management with the pseudonym technique. To resist the tactical attacks in VANETs, we present a reputation model which builds both service reputation and feedback reputation. Moreover, we apply the information entropy and the majority rule to the reputation accumulation algorithms to counter false feedback. To defend the reputation link attack during pseudonym changes, we propose hidden-zone strategy and k-anonymity strategy. The simulation results show that our scheme is robust to these tactical attacks and preserves privacy against the reputation link attack during the pseudonym changes.

Food safety as a public health issue has aroused worldwide concern. Food safety risks caused by the existence of food safety hazards in food may occur in all stages of the food supply chain. Thus, great emphasis is placed on sensitive, selective, and convenient analytical methods of various food safety hazards in food. At present, nanomaterials are at the forefront of various electrochemical sensing applications. Given their unique physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, nanomaterials are considered perfect candidates for the design of electrode surface to construct electrochemical sensors with excellent analytical performance. With the assistance of nanomaterials, electrochemical sensors are a potential alternative to conventional methods of food safety analysis. This review focuses on current research achievements of nanomaterial‐assisted electrochemical sensors for food safety analysis reported in recent 5 years. It highlights the different detection mechanisms for analytes, flexible sensing strategies based on nanomaterials, and portable miniaturized electrochemical devices. Finally, the challenges and limitations in the design of electrochemical sensors for food safety analysis are also discussed. This review focuses on current research achievements of nanomaterial‐assisted electrochemical sensors for food safety analysis reported in recent years. It highlights the different detection mechanisms for analytes, flexible sensing strategies based on nanomaterials, and portable miniaturized electrochemical devices. Finally, the challenges and limitations in the design of electrochemical sensors for food safety analysis are also discussed.

As a core component of hydraulic systems, hydraulic pumps generate vibration signals that contain abundant key features reflecting the operational state of internal machinery. However, most existing fault diagnosis methods rely solely on single-channel vibration data, neglecting the correlations and complementarities among multi-channel signals, which results in unstable and less accurate diagnostic outcomes. To address this limitation, this study proposes an intelligent fault diagnosis approach for hydraulic pumps based on multi-source signal fusion and a dual attention mechanism. First, vibration, pressure, and acoustic signals are transformed into time-frequency feature images, and an RGB image fusion strategy is applied to map the time-frequency representations of different signals into the individual channels of a color image. Subsequently, a convolutional neural network incorporating enhanced channel and spatial attention mechanisms is constructed to extract features from the fused images and perform classification. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves fault diagnosis performance and outperforms other deep learning-based approaches, offering a novel strategy for intelligent hydraulic pump diagnostics with promising engineering applications.