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Although improving the mental health of children and adolescents has become a global priority, resources outlining developmentally appropriate content for improving mental health literacy (MHL) across school-aged children are scarce. A comprehensive, life-course approach to building MHL is needed to address the evolving competencies, needs, capacities, and risk factors for mental health, especially to establish school-based interventions that can be equitably and sustainably implemented. We conducted a theoretical review highlighting the relation of research and practice in building MHL through developmentally appropriate knowledge and competencies for children and adolescents. A two-pronged review of the literature was conducted to provide an overview of (1) research with a focus on neurobiological, psychological, cognitive, and social developmental milestones of school-aged children relevant for building MHL and (2) evidence-based and theory-driven content for the development of universal MHL interventions for children and adolescents considering the four components of MHL. A map of relevant key milestones highlights the range of development that occurs and ample opportunity for increasing universal MHL during these sensitive years primed for learning. We reflect on current understandings and global considerations for MHL interventions with an emphasis on applying developmental science to the future strengthening of intervention development, uptake, adaptation, implementation, evaluation, and scale-up.

Mental health policies and plans (MHPPs) are powerful tools developed to facilitate real-world changes in mental-health-related prevention, promotion and treatment. This study examined barriers and facilitators to MHPP implementation across the WHO European region. Key informants from 53 countries were contacted and 25 provided in-depth qualitative interviews on MHPP existence, implementation, and evaluation related barriers and facilitators of implementation. We analyzed data via qualitative framework analysis approach aligned with the WHO Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2030. Reported facilitators included active involvement of key stakeholders, ongoing mental healthcare reform, bottom-up approach to implementation, sufficient funding, favorable political receptivity and strong monitoring. Barriers encompassed insufficient funding, workforce shortages, adequate training in psychiatry, missing or insufficient infrastructure in terms of both physical structures and technology for data collection, low political receptivity, stigma and bureaucratic obstables. While notable progress has been made in the development of mental health plans in the European region, substantial gaps remain in information systems, research capacity, and systematic evaluation frameworks on mental health and development of appropriate evaluation plans. Strengthening these components is essential to ensure the effective and sustainable implementation of MHPPs throughout the region.

Evidence is scarce in terms of tracking the progress of implementation of mental healthcare plans and policies (MHPPs) in Europe, we aimed to map and analyze the content of MHPPs across the WHO European region.We collected data from the WHO Mental Health Atlas 2011, 2017 and 2020 to map the development of MHPPs in the region. We contacted 53 key informants from each country in the European region to triangulate the data from WHO Mental Health Atlases and to obtain access to the national mental health plans and policies. We analyzed the content of MHPPs against the four major objectives of the WHO Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan, and we also focused on the specificity and measurability of their targets.The number and proportion of countries which have their own MHPPs has increased from 30 (52%) to 43 (91%) between 2011 and 2020. MHPPs are generally in line with the WHO policy, aiming to strengthen care in the community, expand mental health promotion and illness prevention activities, improve quality of care, increase intersectoral collaboration, build workforce and system capacity, and improve adherence to human rights. However, specific, and measurable targets as well as a description of concrete steps, responsibilities and funding sources are mostly missing. They often contain very little information systems, evidence and research, and mostly lack information on evaluating the implementation of MHPPs.Progress has been made in terms of the development of MHPPs in the WHO Europe. However, MHPPs are often lacking operationalization and appropriate data collection for evaluation. This is then reflected in missing evaluation plans, which in turn leads to lessons not being learned. To enhance the potential for knowledge generation and demonstration of impact, MHPPs should be more specific and contain measurable targets with allocated responsibilities and funding as well as evaluation plans.

Mental health policies and plans (MHPPs) are important policy instruments and powerful tools to facilitate development of mental health systems and services across the world. We aimed to map and analyse methods and tools used to assess the extent, process and impact of implementing MHPPs. We systematically searched peer-reviewed and grey literature across seven scientific databases. We extracted and analysed the data on a) the characteristics of included studies (e.g., policy areas, region of origin, income setting) and b) the methodology and evaluation tools applied to assess the extent and process of implementation. We included 48 studies in the analyses. Twenty-six of these studies employed only qualitative methods (e.g., semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, desk review, stakeholder consultations); 12 studies used quantitative methods (e.g., trend analysis, survey) and 10 used mixed-methods approaches. Generally, methods and tools used for assessment were described poorly with less than half of the studies providing partial or full details about them. Only three studies provided assessment of full policies. There is a lack of rigorous research to assess implementation MHPPs. Assessments of the implementation of entire MHPPs are almost non-existent. Strategies to assess the implementation of MHPPs should be an integral part of MHPPs.

Long-stay institutions have been considerably affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to assess the mental health of clients and staff as well as quality and safety of care in long-stay institutions during the state-of-emergency in the Czech Republic in response to COVID-19 pandemic. We found a high prevalence of poor mental health outcomes in clients (46% poor well-being, 58% depression, 45% anxiety) and staff (17% poor well-being, 22% depression, 14% anxiety). In clients, COVID-19 health-related and economic worries were associated with depression (1.79, 95% CI = 1.14; 2.8 and 2.28, 95% CI = 1.27; 4.08 respectively) and anxiety (1.63, 95% CI = 1.11; 2.4 and 1.85, 95% CI = 1.2; 2.85 respectively) and in staff with any mental health outcome (1.92, 95% CI = 1.33; 2.77 and 1.75, 95% CI = 1.15; 2.66 respectively). Lack of information and communication from authorities, lack of protective equipment and logistic difficulties were reported as challenges. Delivery of care was mostly disrupted as well as admission and discharge processes. Other reported issues included lack of staff, lack of activities for patients or an increase in usage of restrictive measures. Best practices and key future measures were identified by each institution, a summary of which is presented in the article.

The injury-triggered reocclusion (restenosis) of arteries treated with angioplasty to relieve atherosclerotic obstruction remains a challenge due to limitations of existing therapies. A combination of magnetic guidance and affinity-mediated arterial binding can pave the way to a new approach for treating restenosis by enabling efficient site-specific localization of therapeutic agents formulated in magnetizable nanoparticles (MNPs) and by maintaining their presence at the site of arterial injury throughout the vulnerability period of the disease. In these studies, we investigated a dual-targeted antirestenotic strategy using drug-loaded biodegradable MNPs, surface-modified with a fibrin-avid peptide to provide affinity for the injured arterial wall. The MNPs were characterized with regard to their magnetic properties, efficiency of surface functionalization, disassembly kinetics, and interaction with fibrin-coated substrates. The antiproliferative effects of MNPs formulated with paclitaxel were studied in vitro using a fetal cell line (A10) exhibiting the defining characteristics of neointimal smooth muscle cells. Animal studies examined the efficiency of combined (physical/affinity) MNP targeting to stented arteries in Sprague Dawley rats using fluorimetric analysis and fluorescent in vivo imaging. The antirestenotic effect of the dual-targeted therapy was determined in a rat model of in-stent restenosis 28 days post-treatment. The results showed that MNPs can be efficiently functionalized to exhibit a strong binding affinity using a simple two-step chemical process, without adversely affecting their size distribution, magnetic properties, or antiproliferative potency. Dual-targeted delivery strongly enhanced the localization and retention of MNPs in stented carotid arteries up to 7 days post-treatment, while minimizing redistribution of the carrier particles to peripheral tissues. Of the two targeting elements, the effect of magnetic guidance was shown to dominate arterial localization (p = 0.004 vs. 0.084 for magnetic targeting and peptide modification, respectively), consistent with the magnetically driven MNP accumulation step defining the extent of the ultimate affinity-mediated arterial binding and subsequent retention of the carrier particles. The enhanced arterial uptake and sustained presence of paclitaxel-loaded MNPs at the site of stent deployment were associated with a strong inhibition of restenosis in the rat carotid stenting model, with both the neointima-to-media ratio (N/M) and % stenosis markedly reduced in the dual-targeted treatment group (1.62 ± 0.2 and 21 ± 3 vs. 2.17 ± 0.40 and 29 ± 6 in the control animals; p < 0.05). We conclude that the dual-targeted delivery of antirestenotic agents formulated in fibrin-avid MNPs can provide a new platform for the safe and effective treatment of in-stent restenosis.

Existe un consenso a nivel internacional sobre la importancia de garantizar la participación igualitaria de todo el alumnado, incluido aquel con necesidades especiales. Décadas de investigación han evidenciado que el diálogo y las interacciones son clave para el aprendizaje y el desarrollo. Sin embargo, se sabe menos sobre cómo garantizar la participación igualitaria en un contexto con alumnado diverso. Este estudio se centra en la implementación de una práctica educativa basada en la interacción y el diálogo la cual ha demostrado favorecer el éxito educativo en diferentes contextos (Tertulias Literarias Dialógicas). En concreto, explora en profundidad el caso de una escuela en la que se han realizado 18 observaciones en Educación Secundaria, 2 entrevistas al profesorado y un grupo de discusión con el alumnado. Los resultados del estudio señalan que las Tertulias Literarias Dialógicas garantizan una participación igualitaria haciendo que el todo el alumnado, incluso aquel que no participa en otros contextos, se sienta más seguro para intervenir; escuche activamente y respete las aportaciones de sus iguales; y que aprenda de las aportaciones de sus compañeros y compañeras. There is an international consensus on the importance of ensuring the equal participation of all learners, including those with special needs. Decades of research have shown that dialogue and interactions are key in learning and development. However, less is known about how to ensure equal participation in a context with diverse students. This study implements an educational practice based on interaction and dialogue that has been shown to favor educational success in different contexts (Dialogic Literary Gatherings). Specifically, it explores in depth the case of a school in which 18 observations were carried out in Secondary Education, 2 interviews with teachers and a Discussion Group with students. The results of the study indicate that the Dialogic Literary Gatherings guarantee equal participation, making all students, even those who do not participate in other contexts, feel more confident to intervene, to listen actively and respect the contributions of their peers, and to learn from the contributions of their classmates.

Exposure to environmental pollutants has been associated with an increased risk of respiratory and allergic diseases. To describe the interactions between common pollutants and the immune system and their association with allergic diseases. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Clinical Key, Redalyc, MEDLINE, and SciELO for studies published between 2018 and 2024. Evidence shows that pollutants such as PM2.5 , PM10 , NO2 , CO, and ozone trigger oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and epithelial damage, facilitating allergic sensitization, asthma, rhinitis, and dermatitis. Exposure to environmental pollutants plays a key role in the development and exacerbation of allergic diseases, highlighting the need for preventive measures.

Background: As patients are discharged from the hospital more quickly, the ability to monitor patient recovery between hospital discharge and the first follow-up clinic visit is becoming increasingly important. Despite substantial increase in both internet use and smartphone ownership over the past 5 years, clinicians have been slow to embrace the use of these devices to capture patient recovery information in the period between hospital discharge and the first clinical follow-up appointment. Objective: This study aims to investigate the generalizability of using a web-based platform to capture patient recovery in a broad surgical patient population and compare response rates for 3 different web-based strategies for delivering recovery surveys over the perioperative period: email, SMS text messaging, and a concurrent mixed approach of using both email and SMS text messaging. Methods: Patients undergoing surgeries managed with an enhanced recovery after surgery pathway were asked to participate in a web-based quality assurance monitoring program at the time of their preoperative surgery appointment. Different follow-up methods were implemented over 3 sequential phases. Patients received Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act–compliant web-based survey links via email (phase 1), SMS text messaging (phase 2), or concurrently using both email and SMS text messaging (phase 3) using REDCap and Twilio software. Recovery assessments using the established Quality of Recovery-9 instrument were performed 4 days before surgery and at 7 and 30 days postoperatively. Generalizability of the web-based system was examined by comparing characteristics of those who participated versus those who did not. Differences in response rates by the web-based collection method were analyzed using adjusted models. Results: A total of 615 patients were asked to participate, with 526 (85.5%) opting for the follow-up program. Those who opted in were younger, slightly healthier, and more likely to be in a partnership. The concurrent mixed modes method was the most successful for obtaining responses at each time point compared with text or email alone (pre: 119/160, 74.4% vs 116/173, 67.1% vs 56/130, 43.1%, P<.001; 7 days: 115/172, 66.9% vs 82/164, 50.0% vs 59/126, 46.8%, P=.001; 30 days: 152/234, 65.0% vs 52/105, 49.5% vs 53/123, 43.1%, P=.001, respectively). In the adjusted model, the concurrent mixed modes method significantly predicted response compared with using email alone (odds ratio 3.4; P<.001) and SMS text messaging alone (odds ratio 1.9; P<.001). Additional significant predictors of response were race, partnership, and time. Conclusions: For internet users and smartphone owners, electronic capture of recovery surveys appear to be possible through this mechanism. Discrepancies in both inclusion and response rates still exist among certain subgroups of patients, but the concurrent approach of using both email and text messages was the most effective approach to reach the largest number of patients across all subgroups.