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A bstract We study the flavor-changing couplings of the Higgs-boson with the top-quark using the processes: (a) pp → tt , (b) pp → t ¯ j , and, (c) pp → t ¯ j h at the LHC in light of current discovery of a 126 GeV Higgs-Boson. Sensitivities for the flavor-changing couplings are estimated using the LHC data that was collected until spring 2013. It is found that the process (c) is the most capable of yielding the best upper bound on the flavor-changing couplings with 2 σ level sensitivities of | ξ tc 2  +  ξ tu 2 | 1/2  ≲ 7.3 × 10 − 3 and ≲2 . 9 ×10 −3 resulting from t → blν l , h → jj with the 7 TeV and 8 TeV centre-of-mass energies respectively using existing data from the LHC. The corresponding bounds from h → b b ¯ are worse by a factor of about 1.8.

Information theory has proven to be a worthwhile tool for investigating the implications of the Higgs sector in the Next‐to‐Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) using Higgs information at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) assessed through the entropy constructed by means of the branching ratios of decay channels of the Higgs boson. The present article focuses on the parameter space of supersymmetric extension with an extra term of singlet in light of various experimental constraints. Our findings show the most preferred values of m 0 , m 1/2 , A 0 , tan β , λ , μ eff , neutralino lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) , lighter chargino , singlino , and gluino to be around 1.93 TeV, 1.78 TeV, −3.62 TeV, 27.5, 0.012, 665.7 GeV, 740 GeV, 790 GeV, 11.24 TeV, and 3.70 TeV, respectively, that is compatible with the relic density of dark matter.

We study the effects of T-odd interactions of top-quark via the pair production of the top-quark in the semileptonic detection modes at the Large Hadron Collider by means of the T-odd observables constructed through the momenta of the observed decay products of the top (and anti-top)-quark for a wide range of CP-violating scale Λ. Estimates on sensitivities of the coupling strength of such interactions for 13 TeV LHC energy with ∫Ldt=36.1 fb−1, 140 fb−1 and for HL-LHC with 14 TeV energy with integrated luminosities of 0.3 ab−1, 1 ab−1, 2 ab−1, and 3 ab−1 are also presented for Λ ranging between MW and 2 TeV.

The recent advancements in forward genetics have expanded the applications of mutation techniques in advanced genetics and genomics, ahead of direct use in breeding programs. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled easy identification and mapping of causal mutations within a short period and at relatively low cost. Identifying the genetic mutations and genes that underlie phenotypic changes is essential for understanding a wide variety of biological functions. To accelerate the mutation mapping for crop improvement, several high-throughput and novel NGS based forward genetic approaches have been developed and applied in various crops. These techniques are highly efficient in crop plants, as it is relatively easy to grow and screen thousands of individuals. These approaches have improved the resolution in quantitative trait loci (QTL) position/point mutations and assisted in determining the functional causative variations in genes. To be successful in the interpretation of NGS data, bioinformatics computational methods are critical elements in delivering accurate assembly, alignment, and variant detection. Numerous bioinformatics tools/pipelines have been developed for such analysis. This article intends to review the recent advances in NGS based forward genetic approaches to identify and map the causal mutations in the crop genomes. The article also highlights the available bioinformatics tools/pipelines for reducing the complexity of NGS data and delivering the concluding outcomes.

Background Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) enables extensive skeletal morphometric data collection, facilitating the development of novel osteological identification methods. The first lumbar vertebra, due to its anatomical features and imaging accessibility, is a promising candidate for such analysis. This study evaluates the utility of PMCT-derived metric analysis of the first lumbar vertebra in North Indian population for forensic sex estimation and age prediction. We hypothesize that: Linear vertebral dimensions from PMCT exhibit statistically significant sexual dimorphism; Select vertebral measurements correlate with age, enabling predictive modeling through regression analysis. A cross-sectional study design was employed involving 150 medicolegal autopsy cases (75 males and 75 females), whose whole-body PMCT scans were obtained, and 15 pre-defined linear parameters of the first lumbar vertebra were measured using multiplanar reconstructions. The methodology followed a previously established Egyptian model adapted for North Indian subjects. Results All vertebral measurements were consistently greater in males than females. A stepwise discriminant function analysis achieved an overall sex classification accuracy of 88.0%. For age estimation, selected parameters showed moderate positive correlation with chronological age. A multiple linear regression model incorporating vertebral length, posterior body length, and spinous process height was formulated. Conclusions PMCT-based vertebral metrics offer a non-invasive, standardized, and reproducible method for sex estimation in forensic contexts. Although age estimation accuracy remains limited, findings suggest potential utility in combination with other methods. Larger population-specific datasets are needed to refine these predictive models.

This paper describes the synthesis of adenine-mediated superparamagnetic β-FeOOH nanostructures in aqueous medium. Capping by adenine provides a synthetic control to manipulate their size, morphology, optical and magnetization properties. β-FeOOH binds to adenine mainly through –NH 2 , N(3); N(9)H and N(7) of the pyridine and imidazole rings, respectively. At low [adenine], it produces nanorods, but at higher [adenine] (>1 × 10 −2  mol dm −3 ), increasing numbers of spherical nanoparticles encapsulating β-FeOOH with an average diameter of 2.5 nm in the core and adenine molecules in the shell are obtained, causing an increase in the specific surface area by about twofold. Dynamic light scattering technique also depicts a regular decrease in their hydrodynamic size with increasing [adenine] and exhibits the highest stability with a zeta potential of ~67 mV for the sample containing 2 × 10 −2  mol dm −3 adenine (SP5). An increasing [adenine] from 1 × 10 −3 to 2 × 10 −2  mol dm −3 in these samples enhanced the value of saturation magnetization ( M S ), due to β-FeOOH, gradually from 2.0 to 6.9 emu g −1 at 300 K, but at <80 K, a magnetic reversal from superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic is observed. A correlation between morphology and magnetic properties of these nanostructures is discussed. The capping of colloidal β-FeOOH by adenine thus provides a synthetic control to produce novel biocompatible nanostructures exhibiting superparamagnetic behavior with high M S at 300 K having potential for environmental and biological applications.

Background Digital tools, which offer superior accuracy compared to manual metrics, utilize radiological images for noninvasive data collection, providing a convenient means of obtaining skeletal data. The greater sciatic notch exhibits high sexual dimorphism and resistance to damage, and therefore serves as a viable tool for sex determination in poorly preserved skeletons, particularly in scenarios involving mass disasters, highly putrefied, and skeletonized cases. In addition to the width and depth of the greater sciatic notch, the length and angle of the posterior segment are highly specific parameters. This study aims to obtain accurate and standardized values for determining sex by measuring the posterior segment of the greater sciatic notch using postmortem computed tomography with a 16-slice multidetector row computed tomography scanner. Results The study revealed that except for depth and the distance between the ischial spine and deepest point, all measured variables of the greater sciatic notch were greater for women than men on both sides. The length of the posterior segment and the posterior angle on both sides showed the highest positive correlation and provided highly significant differences between males and females. These findings not only reinforce the utility of the greater sciatic notch in sex determination but also highlight the potential for more accurate and noninvasive methods in forensic investigations. Conclusions Postmortem computed tomography accurately determines sex by measuring the posterior sciatic notch segment, achieving a 90.9% accuracy rate. This study, the first of its kind in India, utilized postmortem computed tomography ruler measurements for sex determination, specifically evaluating the role of the posterior segment dimensions of the greater sciatic notch in the North Indian population.

A bstract We study the connection between the same sign top (SST) and the top quark forward-backward asymmetry . We find that a large class of new physics (NP) models that have been proposed to account for the lead to SST quark production rate much larger than the observed rate at the LHC and consequently are severely constrained or ruled out. Our model independent, general, operator analysis shows that none of the tree- level self-conjugate flavor-changing operators are able to explain and simultaneously remain consistent with the same-sign top-quark production constraints from the LHC data.

We study B s → μ + μ − in the context of the R-parity violating minimal supergravity in the high-tan  β regime. We find that the lowest value of the branching ratio can go well below the present LHCb sensitivity and hence B s → μ + μ − can even be invisible to the LHC. We also find that the present upper bound on Br ( B s → μ + μ − ) puts strong constraint on the minimal supergravity parameter space. The constraints become more severe if the upper bound is close to its standard model prediction.

In a segregating homozygous F^sub 2^ population of bread wheat involving a leaf rust resistance gene Lr28 derived from Aegilops speltoides, six randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, three each in coupling and repulsion phase were identified as linked to Lr28, mapped to a region spanning 32 cM including the locus. The F^sub 2^ and F^sub 3^ populations were studied in the phytotron challenged with the most virulent pathotype 77-5 of leaf rust. A coupling phase linked RAPD marker S464^sub 721^ and a repulsion phase linked RAPD marker S326^sub 550^ flanked the gene Lr28 by a distance of 2.4± 0.016 cM on either side. The flanking markers genetically worked as co-dominant markers when analyzed together after separate amplification in the F^sub 2^ population by distinguishing the homozygotes from the heterozygotes and increased the efficiency of marker assisted selection by reducing the false positives and negatives. One of the three RAPD markers, S421^sub 640^ was converted to locus specific SCAR marker SCS421^sub 640^ which was further truncated by designing primers internal from both ends of the original RAPD amplicon to eliminate a non-specific amplification of nearly same size. The truncated polymorphic sequence characterized amplified region marker (TPSCAR) SCS421^sub 570^ was 70 bp smaller, but resulted in a single band polymorphism specific to Lr28 resistance. The TPSCAR marker was validated for its specificity to the gene Lr28 in nine different genetic backgrounds and on 43 of the 50 Lr genes of both native and alien origin, suggesting the utility of the SCAR markers in pyramiding leaf rust resistance genes in wheat.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]