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"Gupta, Vikas"
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Robotic technologies in biomedical and healthcare engineering
\"This book aims at exhibiting the latest research achievements, findings, and ideas in the field of robotics in biomedical and healthcare engineering, primarily focusing on the walking assistive robot, telerobotic surgery, upper/lower limb rehabilitation, and radiosurgery, etc\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The influencing role of social media in the consumer’s hotel decision-making process
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the role of social media on the hotel decision-making process of consumers during the evaluation stage of searching, identifying the alternatives and selecting a hotel in India. It will help the stakeholders in the hotel industry of India to make the social media platform more efficient for consumers by providing inputs on the factors consumers consider while making online hotel purchase.
Design/methodology/approach
This study involves an exploratory qualitative approach which includes 32 face-to-face, semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews with the social media platform users. The selection of interviewees for this study has been done on the basis of a non-random purposive sampling approach.
Findings
The findings reveal that social media plays an important role in affecting the way consumers search, decide and book hotels. It also suggests that social media helps consumers in collecting information about products and services, assessing alternatives and making their choices. It confirms that while negative facets exist, the positive benefits outweigh the negative aspects of using social media when selecting a hotel. The results also reveal the impact of circumstantial influence related to social media on hotel selection, on the basis of content source and the level of trust and accuracy in the content.
Practical implications
This study has some strategic implications for hospitality marketing and management related to a better understanding of the influence of social media on the hotel customer decision-making process. The study shows that a variety of social media with associated content sources and levels add to the complexity of hotel-related information search and decision behaviour.
Originality/value
The study makes a contribution by addressing the existing gaps and bridging the arena of consumer behaviour and social media literature in a hotel context and sheds light on how consumer decisions while selecting a hotel are influenced through social media. The core contribution is the generation of factors through in-depth interviews which are based on real-life scenarios relating to the influence of social media on hotel decision-making.
Journal Article
Comprehensive in silico analysis of genetic landscape and pathways involved in Stickler syndrome
Stickler syndrome is a collection of hereditary conditions that impact connective tissue, mainly collagen, and can cause a variety of symptoms, such as joint and bone abnormalities, hearing loss, and visual impairments. Previous studies suggest that mutations in the collagen-encoding genes are a primary cause of SS. These mutations can be inherited from parents to offspring and may vary significantly in terms of severity and symptoms. Besides these mutations, the complex genetic maze underlying SS remains poorly understood, limiting the development of targeted therapeutic and biomarker options. In this study we aimed to identify key genes and molecular pathways potentially involved in SS using bioinformatics approaches, and to explore putative therapeutic directions. In our text mining analysis, we identified 24 distinct genes associated with SS in Homo sapiens , out of which 22 were chosen as candidate genes for enrichment analysis, based on their Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and participation in pertinent biological pathways. Cytoscape-based construction of the protein–protein interaction network revealed a single functional module comprising 22 nodes and 46 edges, from which nine hub genes were identified. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that these genes were predominantly involved in extracellular matrix organization, collagen fibril organization, skeletal system development, and extracellular structural organization, all of which play a critical role in the pathogenesis of SS. Furthermore, drug-gene interaction analysis suggested six of the nine hub genes may be linked to FDA-approved compounds. Our results provide a systematic framework for prioritizing genes and pathways which may pave the way for future studies aimed at biomarker discovery and therapeutic exploration in SS.
Journal Article
Cell of Origin and Genetic Alterations in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma
B cell activation and differentiation yields plasma cells with high affinity antibodies to a given antigen in a time-frame that allows for host protection. Although the end product is most commonly humoral immunity, the rapid proliferation and somatic mutation of the B cell receptor also results in oncogenic mutations that cause B cell malignancies including plasma cell neoplasms such as multiple myeloma. Myeloma is the second most common hematological malignancy and results in over 100,000 deaths per year worldwide. The genetic alterations that occur in the germinal center, however, are not sufficient to cause myeloma, but rather impart cell proliferation potential on plasma cells, which are normally non-dividing. This pre-malignant state, referred to as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or MGUS, provides the opportunity for further genetic and epigenetic alterations eventually resulting in a progressive disease that becomes symptomatic. In this review, we will provide a brief history of clonal gammopathies and detail how some of the key discoveries were interwoven with the study of plasma cells. We will also review the genetic and epigenetic alterations discovered over the past 25 years, how these are instrumental to myeloma pathogenesis, and what these events teach us about myeloma and plasma cell biology. These data will be placed in the context of normal B cell development and differentiation and we will discuss how understanding the biology of plasma cells can lead to more effective therapies targeting multiple myeloma.
Journal Article
Multiple myeloma immunoglobulin lambda translocations portend poor prognosis
Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of antibody-secreting plasma cells. Most patients benefit from current therapies, however, 20% of patients relapse or die within two years and are deemed high risk. Here we analyze structural variants from 795 newly-diagnosed patients as part of the CoMMpass study. We report translocations involving the immunoglobulin lambda (IgL) locus are present in 10% of patients, and indicative of poor prognosis. This is particularly true for IgL-MYC translocations, which coincide with focal amplifications of enhancers at both loci. Importantly, 78% of IgL-MYC translocations co-occur with hyperdiploid disease, a marker of standard risk, suggesting that IgL-MYC-translocated myeloma is being misclassified. Patients with IgL-translocations fail to benefit from IMiDs, which target IKZF1, a transcription factor that binds the IgL enhancer at some of the highest levels in the myeloma epigenome. These data implicate IgL translocation as a driver of poor prognosis which may be due to IMiD resistance.
Multiple myeloma is frequently characterised by translocation of genes next to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. In this study, the authors sequence a large cohort of high risk myeloma samples and find translocations of cMyc to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus and this is associated with poor prognosis.
Journal Article
Lotus Base: An integrated information portal for the model legume Lotus japonicus
Lotus japonicus
is a well-characterized model legume widely used in the study of plant-microbe interactions. However, datasets from various
Lotus
studies are poorly integrated and lack interoperability. We recognize the need for a comprehensive repository that allows comprehensive and dynamic exploration of
Lotus
genomic and transcriptomic data. Equally important are user-friendly in-browser tools designed for data visualization and interpretation. Here, we present
Lotus
Base, which opens to the research community a large, established
LORE1
insertion mutant population containing an excess of 120,000 lines, and serves the end-user tightly integrated data from
Lotus
, such as the reference genome, annotated proteins, and expression profiling data. We report the integration of expression data from the
L. japonicus
gene expression atlas project, and the development of tools to cluster and export such data, allowing users to construct, visualize, and annotate co-expression gene networks.
Lotus
Base takes advantage of modern advances in browser technology to deliver powerful data interpretation for biologists. Its modular construction and publicly available application programming interface enable developers to tap into the wealth of integrated
Lotus
data.
Lotus
Base is freely accessible at:
https://lotus.au.dk
.
Journal Article
Changing dynamics and travel evading: a case of Indian tourists amidst the COVID 19 pandemic
PurposeThis study aims to analyse the factors that caused Indian tourists to avoid travelling abroad because of the recent outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020. It will also identify the relationship between the perceived risk of travelling and the probability of travel evading in India owing to COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachThis study used an online structured questionnaire to collect data from Indian tourists to study six independent variables linked with their behavioural intentions (travel evading). The health belief model was used to examine tourist behaviour.FindingsThe results revealed a positive correlation between the perceived risk associated with COVID-19 and travel avoidance. Familiarity with COVID-19 was positively correlated with travel evading behaviours.Practical implicationsThis study will assist stakeholders from around the world to adequately identify and thoroughly plan for logistical problems associated with travel such as travel insurance and pre-travel booking expenses to reduce travel evading behaviour and promote travel.Originality/valueWhile a few studies have been conducted related to pandemics (Ebola, MERS-CoV, SARS), there is a paucity of literature that examines the factors which influence tourists’ travel evading behaviour owing to COVID-19. Moreover, most of the previous literature on pandemics is concentrated on American and European countries, whereas studies on the Indian sub-continent are very scarce. This study will fill this gap and will identify the factors which influence tourists in India to evade travel in response to COVID-19.
Journal Article
Electron transport chain activity is a predictor and target for venetoclax sensitivity in multiple myeloma
The BCL-2 antagonist venetoclax is highly effective in multiple myeloma (MM) patients exhibiting the
11;14
translocation, the mechanistic basis of which is unknown. In evaluating cellular energetics and metabolism of t(11;14) and non-t(11;14) MM, we determine that venetoclax-sensitive myeloma has reduced mitochondrial respiration. Consistent with this, low electron transport chain (ETC) Complex I and Complex II activities correlate with venetoclax sensitivity. Inhibition of Complex I, using IACS-010759, an orally bioavailable Complex I inhibitor in clinical trials, as well as succinate ubiquinone reductase (SQR) activity of Complex II, using thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA) or introduction of SDHC R72C mutant, independently sensitize resistant MM to venetoclax. We demonstrate that ETC inhibition increases BCL-2 dependence and the ‘primed’ state via the ATF4-BIM/NOXA axis. Further, SQR activity correlates with venetoclax sensitivity in patient samples irrespective of t(11;14) status. Use of SQR activity in a functional-biomarker informed manner may better select for MM patients responsive to venetoclax therapy.
Venetoclax monotherapy is effective in 40% of t(11:14) positive multiple myeloma (MM). Here, the authors show that electron transport chain complex I (CI) and complex II (CII) activity predict MM sensitivity to venetoclax, and inhibition of CI with IACS-010759 or CII with TTFA increase sensitivity.
Journal Article
Regulation of antigen-specific T cell infiltration and spatial architecture in multiple myeloma and premalignancy
Entry of antigen-specific T cells into human tumors is critical for immunotherapy, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we combined high-dimensional spatial analyses with in vitro and in vivo modeling to study the mechanisms underlying immune infiltration in human multiple myeloma (MM) and its precursor monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Clustered tumor growth was a feature of MM but not MGUS biopsies, and this growth pattern was reproduced in humanized mouse models. MM biopsies exhibited intralesional as well as spatial heterogeneity, with coexistence of T cell-rich and T cell-sparse regions and the presence of areas of T cell exclusion. In vitro studies demonstrated that T cell entry into MM clusters was regulated by agonistic signals and CD2-CD58 interactions. Upon adoptive transfer, antigen-specific T cells localized to the tumor site but required in situ DC-mediated antigen presentation for tumor entry. C-type lectin domain family 9 member A-positive (CLEC9A+) DCs appeared to mark portals of entry for gradients of T cell infiltration in MM biopsies, and their proximity to T cell factor 1-positive (TCF1+) T cells correlated with disease state and risk status. These data illustrate a role for tumor-associated DCs and in situ activation in promoting the infiltration of antigen-specific T cells in MM and provide insights into spatial alterations in tumor/immune cells with malignant evolution.
Journal Article
Next-generation compact antenna for robust defense and CubeSat communication
The article presents a miniaturized ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna tailored for modern defense and small satellite communication requirements. Designed and optimized using CST Microwave Studio, the antenna delivers superior electromagnetic performance across both Sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave frequency ranges. Realized on an FR4 substrate with overall dimensions of 10 × 12 × 1.5 mm³, the prototype achieves an impressive operating bandwidth of 3.4–14 GHz, equivalent to an impedance bandwidth of 121.8%. The measured results highlight a peak gain of 4.56 dBi, a return loss of -28 dB, and a radiation efficiency of 82.9%, ensuring reliable performance over a broad spectrum. With an electrical size of 0.113λ × 0.136λ × 0.017λ, the proposed design demonstrates remarkable compactness while maintaining stable radiation patterns and high efficiency. These characteristics make the antenna a strong candidate for resilient, interference-resistant, and high-performance applications in defense systems and CubeSat missions.
Journal Article