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"HUGHES, L"
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A new global ice sheet reconstruction for the past 80 000 years
The evolution of past global ice sheets is highly uncertain. One example is the missing ice problem during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 26 000-19 000 years before present) – an apparent 8-28 m discrepancy between far-field sea level indicators and modelled sea level from ice sheet reconstructions. In the absence of ice sheet reconstructions, researchers often use marine
δ
18
O proxy records to infer ice volume prior to the LGM. We present a global ice sheet reconstruction for the past 80 000 years, called PaleoMIST 1.0, constructed independently of far-field sea level and
δ
18
O proxy records. Our reconstruction is compatible with LGM far-field sea-level records without requiring extra ice volume, thus solving the missing ice problem. However, for Marine Isotope Stage 3 (57 000-29 000 years before present) - a pre-LGM period - our reconstruction does not match proxy-based sea level reconstructions, indicating the relationship between marine
δ
18
O and sea level may be more complex than assumed.
The configuration of past ice sheets, and therefore sea level, is highly uncertain. Here, the authors provide a global reconstruction of ice sheets for the past 80,000 years that allows to test proxy based sea level reconstructions and helps to reconcile disagreements with sea level changes inferred from models.
Journal Article
كيف تصبح قائدا استراتيجيا ؟ : دورك في نجاح مؤسستك الدائم
تواجه مؤسسات هذه الأيام تحديات صعبة من أجل الإبقاء على قدرتها التنافسية. منها ؛ تسارع وتيرة التغيير، زيادة التعقيد، تفاقم حالة الغموض وعدم اليقين. ولكي تجابه المؤسسات هذه التحديات، يتوجب عليها توسيع مدى مسئولية القيادة، لتشمل القيادة الاستراتيجية، وتشرك مزيدا من الموظفين في عملية القيادة. في هذا الكتاب، يقدم المؤلفان (ريتشارد هيوز، وكاترين بيتي) للمديرين التنفيذيين دليلا إرشاديا حول تطبيق عملية القيادة الاستراتيجية التي تهم القادة في كل مستويات المؤسسة. اعتمادا على البرنامج الناجح \"تطوير القائد الاستراتيجي\" في مركز القيادة الإبداعية، يحدد الكتاب إطارا للقيادة الاستراتيجية، ويضم اقتراحات عملية حول كيفية تطوير المهارات الفردية والجماعية (الفرق) والمؤسسية، التي تحتاج إليها المؤسسات لتصبح أكثر قدرة على التكيف والمرونة. يبين المؤلفان أيضا كيف يمكن للمديرين (الأفراد) ممارسة القيادة الاستراتيجية الفاعلة من خلال مقاربة مميزة ومنهجية ونظامية تقوم على التفكير والفعل والتأثير. كما أنهما يقدمان توصيفا لإطار فكري شمولي لمساعدتك على فهم هذا المنظور للقيادة الاستراتيجية، ويعرضان المقترحات العملية المتعلقة بكيفية تطوير هذه القيادة.
BOOK
ACCORD (ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document): A reporting guideline for consensus methods in biomedicine developed via a modified Delphi
In biomedical research, it is often desirable to seek consensus among individuals who have differing perspectives and experience. This is important when evidence is emerging, inconsistent, limited, or absent. Even when research evidence is abundant, clinical recommendations, policy decisions, and priority-setting may still require agreement from multiple, sometimes ideologically opposed parties. Despite their prominence and influence on key decisions, consensus methods are often poorly reported. Our aim was to develop the first reporting guideline dedicated to and applicable to all consensus methods used in biomedical research regardless of the objective of the consensus process, called ACCORD (ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document).
We followed methodology recommended by the EQUATOR Network for the development of reporting guidelines: a systematic review was followed by a Delphi process and meetings to finalize the ACCORD checklist. The preliminary checklist was drawn from the systematic review of existing literature on the quality of reporting of consensus methods and suggestions from the Steering Committee. A Delphi panel (n = 72) was recruited with representation from 6 continents and a broad range of experience, including clinical, research, policy, and patient perspectives. The 3 rounds of the Delphi process were completed by 58, 54, and 51 panelists. The preliminary checklist of 56 items was refined to a final checklist of 35 items relating to the article title (n = 1), introduction (n = 3), methods (n = 21), results (n = 5), discussion (n = 2), and other information (n = 3).
The ACCORD checklist is the first reporting guideline applicable to all consensus-based studies. It will support authors in writing accurate, detailed manuscripts, thereby improving the completeness and transparency of reporting and providing readers with clarity regarding the methods used to reach agreement. Furthermore, the checklist will make the rigor of the consensus methods used to guide the recommendations clear for readers. Reporting consensus studies with greater clarity and transparency may enhance trust in the recommendations made by consensus panels.
Journal Article
Sourcebook in the mathematics of medieval Europe and North Africa /
Medieval Europe was a meeting place for the Christian, Jewish, and Islamic civilizations, and the fertile intellectual exchange of these cultures can be seen in the mathematical developments of the time. This sourcebook presents original Latin, Hebrew, and Arabic sources of medieval mathematics, and shows their cross-cultural influences. Most of the Hebrew and Arabic sources appear here in translation for the first time. Readers will discover key mathematical revelations, foundational texts, and sophisticated writings by Latin, Hebrew, and Arabic-speaking mathematicians, including Abner of Burgos's elegant arguments providing results on the conchoid--a curve previously unknown in medieval Europe; Levi ben Gershon's use of mathematical induction in combinatorial proofs; Al-Muʹtaman Ibn Hūd's extensive survey of mathematics, which included proofs of Heron's Theorem and Ceva's Theorem; and Muhyī al-Dīn al-Maghribī's interesting proof of Euclid's parallel postulate. This book includes a general introduction, section introductions, footnotes, and references. The Sourcebook in the Mathematics of Medieval Europe and North Africa will be indispensable to anyone seeking out the important historical sources of premodern mathematics. -- Inside jacket flap.
Book
Quantized electric multipole insulators
The Berry phase provides a modern formulation of electric polarization in crystals. We extend this concept to higher electric multipole moments and determine the necessary conditions and minimal models for which the quadrupole and octupole moments are topologically quantized electromagnetic observables. Such systems exhibit gapped boundaries that are themselves lower-dimensional topological phases. Furthermore, they host topologically protected corner states carrying fractional charge, exhibiting fractionalization at the boundary of the boundary. To characterize these insulating phases of matter, we introduce a paradigm in which “nested” Wilson loops give rise to topological invariants that have been overlooked. We propose three realistic experimental implementations of this topological behavior that can be immediately tested. Our work opens a venue for the expansion of the classification of topological phases of matter.
Journal Article
Evidence for higher order topology in Bi and Bi0.92Sb0.08
Higher order topological insulators (HOTIs) are a new class of topological materials which host protected states at the corners or hinges of a crystal. HOTIs provide an intriguing alternative platform for helical and chiral edge states and Majorana modes, but there are very few known materials in this class. Recent studies have proposed Bi as a potential HOTI, however, its topological classification is not yet well accepted. In this work, we show that the (110) facets of Bi and BiSb alloys can be used to unequivocally establish the topology of these systems. Bi and Bi
0.92
Sb
0.08
(110) films were grown on silicon substrates using molecular beam epitaxy and studied by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The surfaces manifest rectangular islands which show localized hinge states on three out of the four edges, consistent with the theory for the HOTI phase. This establishes Bi and Bi
0.92
Sb
0.08
as HOTIs, and raises questions about the topological classification of the full family of Bi
x
Sb
1−
x
alloys.
The experimental realization of higher order topological insulator (HOTI) in solid state materials remains elusive. Here, Aggarwal et al. reveal hinge states on three edges of both Bi and Bi
0.92
Sb
0.08
(110) islands, supporting them as a class of HOTI.
Journal Article
Francis Picabia : our heads are round so our thoughts can change direction
Among the great modern artists of the past century, Picabia is one of the most elusive, given his extreme eclecticism and persistent acts of self-contradiction. Though known as a Dadaist, Picabia's ongoing stylistic shifts, from Impressionism to radical abstraction, from mechanical imagery to pseudo-classicism, and from photo-based realism to art informel remain to be assessed in depth. Similarly, the breadth of his practice, which encompassed poetry, film and performance is under-recognized. Each makes him a figure relevant for contemporary artists, while the career as a whole challenges familiar narratives of modernism. Francis Picabia presents over 100 paintings, complemented by works on paper, publications, and film. Featuring some 500 illustrations and 14 essays, it examines the full range of Picabia's oeuvre.
BOOK
Higher rank chirality and non-Hermitian skin effect in a topolectrical circuit
While chirality imbalances are forbidden in conventional lattice systems, non-Hermiticity can effectively avoid the chiral-doubling theorem to facilitate 1D chiral dynamics. Indeed, such systems support unbalanced unidirectional flows that can lead to the localization of an extensive number of states at the boundary, known as the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE). Recently, a generalized (rank-2) chirality describing a 2D robust gapless mode with dispersion
ω
=
k
x
k
y
has been introduced in crystalline systems. Here we demonstrate that rank-2 chirality imbalances can be established in a non-Hermitian (NH) lattice system leading to momentum-resolved chiral dynamics, and a rank-2 NHSE where there are both edge- and corner-localized skin modes. We then experimentally test this phenomenology in a 2-dimensional topolectric circuit that implements a NH Hamiltonian with a long-lived rank-2 chiral mode. Using impedance measurements, we confirm the rank-2 NHSE in this system, and its manifestation in the predicted skin modes and a highly unusual momentum-position locking response. Our investigation demonstrates a circuit-based path to exploring higher-rank chiral physics, with potential applications in systems where momentum resolution is necessary, e.g., in beamformers and non-reciprocal devices.
In this work, the authors implement a crystalline rank-2 chiral modes by employing non-Hermitian dynamics. They showed the momentum-resolved dynamics and non-Hermitian skin effect associated with the rank-2 chirality both theoretically and experimentally.
Journal Article