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Biomasa Aibizia lebbeck je korišćena kao adsorbent za uklanjanje metil crvenog iz vodenog rastvora. Za predvid strok signanje efikasnosti uklanjanja boje korišćen je model zasnovan na centralnom kompozitnom rotatibiinom eksperimentalnom pianu. Optimizacija je izvršena uz kontrolu temperature (37 °C) i mešanja sa veličinama čestica od 300 i 600 pm. Najveća efikasnost adsorpcje je postignuta pri nižim koncentracijama boje i manjim dozama adsorbenta. Utvrd strok signeno je da je vreme adsorpcje duže od 48 h negativno uticalo na efikasnost uklanjanja boje zbog uticaja sekundarnih metaboiita. Med strok signutim, vreme trajanja adsorpcje je imalo pozitivan efekat pri visokim koncentracijama boje i dozama adsorbenta. Utvrd strok signeno je povećanje efikasnosti uklanjanja boje s povećanjem koncentracije metil crvenog i smanjenjem vremena trajanja adsorpcije pri konstantnoj dozi adsorbenta.

There is great interest for NPs manufacturing by environmentally friendly and economic manner. The aqueous leaves extract of Thuja orientalis was used to synthesized silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) by using two green methods, the first one is the magnetic stirrer method and the second method by using the cold plasma. The XRD pattern for both samples annealed at Ta=600˚C for 1h, while they showed the characteristic of Bragg peaks for poly phases at (001), (010), (10-1), (1-10), (0-12) and (002) for SiO2 triclinic (anorthic). The average crystalline size was calculated by using Scherer’s formula, which was 11.1868 nm in magnetic stirrer method, while the cold plasma method showed amorphous structure. The morphology analysis using atomic force microscopy showed that the grain size was 33.94 and 18.37 nm for magnetic stirrer and cold plasma methods respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicates hydrophilic functional groups in the capping matrix, which can improve the stability of silica NPs. The biofilm inhibition of silica NPs were investigated for two genus of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, the green silica NPs that synthesized by using cold plasma method showed the highest inhibition effect on S. aureus and E. coli respectively.

The GRIN (gradient refractive index) Luneburg lens cannot be used in visible region applications including imaging systems and in the integrated photonic lens as static concentric symmetry lenses. Furthermore, in order to obtain free monochromatic aberration, the ray must be focused on the lens's rear surface. As a result, the detector must be movable on the rear surface. Technically, this procedure is difficult. This work presented a straightforward and practical method based on the usage of a double shell gradient stepped index of symmetry concentric polymeric lens (SCPL). The obtained results revealed that the proposed lens can be used in the visible region, as well as the shifting of the focus point from the lens's rear surface. The (SCPL) lens was optically evaluated using the trigonometric ray tracing method. The evaluation was performed using a mathematical iterative method applied in MATLAB program. The iterative method was used to determine the best shell thicknesses of shelled ball lens (double shell) for constructing the (SCPL) parameters. The constructive parameters were examined using the ZEMAX optical design program for infinite conjugate conditions and monochromatic wavelength. According to the analysis results, the Sterhl ratio is greater than (0.97), and the total transverse aberration coefficients are approaching zero.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the adherence Of healthcare staff (HCSs) in the government health sector in Saudi Arabia to infection prevention and control (IPC) practices and to identify the factors that influence their compliance, utilizing the Health BeliefModel as the theoreticalframework.Design: The research utilized quantitative data from an explanatopy sequential mixedmethods study.Participants and settings: Between May 17 and August 30, 2022, a total of 604 healthcare stafffrom randomly selected tertiary carefacilities in the government health sector in Saudi Arabia participated in the study.Primary' and secondary outcome measures: The primary outcome was the level of compliance with the IPC guidelines provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), along with identifying the associatedfactors influencing compliance.Results: The study revealed a mean compliance score of 0.49 (+0.25) on a scale of O to 1. HCSs demonstrated the highest compliance with medical mask wearing guidelines (81%) and the lowest compliance with high-touch surface decontamination regulations (23%). Compliance with IPC guidelines were significantly associated with factors such as increasing age, female sex, working as a nurse, having non-communicable diseases, and previous exposure to patients with COVID-19. Compliance was positively associated with peweived benefits (B=O.()39, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.076), self-efficacy 95% CI 0.060 to 0.142), and cues to action (B=().045, 95% CI 0.002 to 0.088). Participants who reported low peweived barriers had O. 061 times greater compliance with IPC guidelines compared to those with high perceived barriers.Conclusion: The overall compliance with WC' guidelines among HCSs in the government health sector in Saudi Arabia was found to be unsatisfactory. The study highlights the importance of emphasizing self-efficacy in interventions aimed at improving HCSs' adherence to IPC practices. Additionally, interventions should address perceived barriers, including unreliable information sources, unsafe working conditions, and inadequate availability ofpersonal protective equipment. Furthermore, cues to action, such as trust in the administration and the provision of adequate IPC guidance, should be considered in interventions to enhance compliance.