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"Han, Ling"
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Molecular Mechanism of Puerarin Against Diabetes and its Complications
Puerarin is a predominant component of Radix Puerarin . Despite its anti-tumor and anti-virus effects and efficacy in improving cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases and preventing osteoporosis, it has been shown to protect against diabetes and its complications. This review summarizes the current knowledge on Puerarin in diabetes and related complications, aiming to provide an overview of antidiabetic mechanisms of Puerarin and new targets for treatment.
Journal Article
Study on the impact of children’s myopia on parental anxiety levels and its related factors
Objective
To assess how children’s myopia affects the psychological state of their parents, especially their anxiety levels, and its related factors.
Methods
Using a cross-sectional case series design, this study employed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) to assess the anxiety status of parents of myopic children who visited Beijing Children’s Hospital from May to August 2024. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test, t-test, and analysis of variance, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between myopia and anxiety.
Results
Among the 242 parents surveyed, 64.46% (156) showed no anxiety symptoms, 17.36% (42) exhibited mild anxiety, 9.5% (23) had moderate anxiety, and 8.68% (21) had severe anxiety. There was a significant gender difference in anxiety levels, with mothers generally experiencing more anxiety. Specifically, the average anxiety score for mothers was 8.58 ± 12.01, while that for fathers was 7.19 ± 9.16. Univariate analysis revealed that mothers of girls aged under40 with the myopia degree ranging from -0.25D to -6.00D exhibited more pronounced myopic anxiety. In addition, difference analysis indicated that the higher the degree of myopia in the child, the higher the anxiety score of the parents (
P
< 0.05). Younger children were typically associated with a higher anxiety level of parents. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the degree of myopia in the child and the anxiety level in the parents, while there was a negative correlation between the age of the child and anxiety scores (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Children’s myopia has a significant impact on the mental health of parents, especially mothers. The anxiety level is closely related to the gender of the child and the severity of myopia. Therefore, it is particularly important to provide positive psychological support for promoting children’s vision health and enhancing family psychological harmony.
Journal Article
CircLONP2 enhances colorectal carcinoma invasion and metastasis through modulating the maturation and exosomal dissemination of microRNA-17
Background
Metastasis causes the vast majority of colorectal carcinoma (CRC)-related deaths. However, little is known about the specific traits and underlying mechanisms of metastasis-initiating cells in primary CRC. And whether or not circular RNAs (circRNAs) take part in this particular event remain not adequately stated yet.
Methods
A screening method based on Transwell assay was first applied to build CRC subgroups with different metastatic potential. High throughput RNA sequencing was used to find out novel metastatic drivers in CRC metastasis-initiating step. A series of in vitro and in vivo assays were further applied to elucidate the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in CRC metastasis.
Results
A circRNA consisting of exon 8–11 of LONP2, termed as circLONP2, was upregulated in metastasis-initiating CRC subgroups. Aberrant higher expression of circLONP2 was observed in primary CRC tissues with established metastasis, and along the invasive margin in metastatic site. High expression of circLONP2 predicted unfavorable overall survival. Functional studies revealed that circLONP2 could enhance the invasiveness of CRC cells in vitro, and targeting circLONP2 through anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASO) dramatically reduced the penetrance of metastasis to foreign organs in vivo
.
Mechanically, circLONP2 directly interacted with and promoted the processing of primary microRNA-17 (pri-miR-17), through recruiting DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8) and Drosha complex in DDX1-dependent manner. Meanwhile, upregulated mature miR-17-5p could be assembled into exosomes and internalized by neighboring cells to enhance their aggressiveness.
Conclusions
Our data indicate that circLONP2 acts as key metastasis-initiating molecule during CRC progression through modulating the intracellular maturation and intercellular transfer of miR-17, resulting in dissemination of metastasis-initiating ability in primary site and acceleration of metastasis formation in foreign organs. circLONP2 could serve as an effective prognostic predictor and/or novel anti-metastasis therapeutic target in CRC treatment.
Journal Article
MXenes: focus on optical and electronic properties and corresponding applications
The discovery of graphene, the first two-dimensional (2D) material, has caused an upsurge, as this kind of material revealed a tremendous potential of application in areas such as energy storage, electronics, and gas separation. MXenes are referred to as a family of 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides. After the synthesis of Ti
from Ti
AlC
in 2011, about 30 new compositions have been reported. These materials have been widely discussed, synthesized, and investigated by many research groups, as they have many advantages over traditional 2D materials. This review covers the structures of MXenes, discusses various synthesis routines, analyzes the properties, especially optical and electronic properties, and summarizes their applications and potential, which may give readers an overview of these popular materials.
Journal Article
The role of PD-1/PD-L1 and application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in human cancers
Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a checkpoint receptor expressed on the surface of various immune cells. PD-L1, the natural receptor for PD-1, is mainly expressed in tumor cells. Studies have indicated that PD-1 and PD-L1 are closely associated with the progression of human cancers and are promising biomarkers for cancer therapy. Moreover, the interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 is one of the important mechanism by which human tumors generate immune escape. This article provides a review on the role of PD-L1/PD-1, mechanisms of immune response and resistance, as well as immune-related adverse events in the treatment of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in human cancers. Moreover, we summarized a large number of clinical trials to successfully reveal that PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have manifested promising therapeutic effects, which have been evaluated from different perspectives, including overall survival, objective effective rate and medium progression-free survival. Finally, we pointed out the current problems faced by PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors and its future prospects. Although PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of human cancers, tough challenges still remain. Combination therapy and predictive models based on integrated biomarker determination theory may be the future directions for the application of PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors in treating human cancers.
Journal Article