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For high-temperature catalytic reaction, it is of significant importance and challenge to construct stable active sites in catalysts. Herein, we report the construction of sufficient and stable copper clusters in the copper‒ceria catalyst with high Cu loading (15 wt.%) for the high-temperature reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction. Under very harsh working conditions, the ceria nanorods suffered a partial sintering, on which the 2D and 3D copper clusters were formed. This partially sintered catalyst exhibits unmatched activity and excellent durability at high temperature. The interaction between the copper and ceria ensures the copper clusters stably anchored on the surface of ceria. Abundant in situ generated and consumed surface oxygen vacancies form synergistic effect with adjacent copper clusters to promote the reaction process. This work investigates the structure-function relation of the catalyst with sintered and inhomogeneous structure and explores the potential application of the sintered catalyst in C1 chemistry. Constructing stable active sites in catalysts for high temperature catalytic reactions remains challenging. Here, the authors manage to make stable copper clusters in the copper‒ceria catalyst with high Cu loading (15 wt.%) for the high-temperature reverse water gas shift reaction.

Production of ammonia is currently realized by the Haber–Bosch process, while electrochemical N 2 fixation under ambient conditions is recognized as a promising green substitution in the near future. A lack of efficient electrocatalysts remains the primary hurdle for the initiation of potential electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia. For cheaper metals, such as copper, limited progress has been made to date. In this work, we boost the N 2 reduction reaction catalytic activity of Cu nanoparticles, which originally exhibited negligible N 2 reduction reaction activity, via a local electron depletion effect. The electron-deficient Cu nanoparticles are brought in a Schottky rectifying contact with a polyimide support which retards the hydrogen evolution reaction process in basic electrolytes and facilitates the electrochemical N 2 reduction reaction process under ambient aqueous conditions. This strategy of inducing electron deficiency provides new insight into the rational design of inexpensive N 2 reduction reaction catalysts with high selectivity and activity. Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction is promising for ammonia production, but electrocatalysts are limited by low efficiency and high cost. Here, the authors report electron-deficient copper nanoparticles, induced by rectifying contact with polyimide, for selective reduction of nitrogen to ammonia.

2D layered materials with atomic thickness have attracted extensive research interest due to their unique physicochemical and electronic properties, which are usually very different from those of their bulk counterparts. Heterojunctions or heterostructures based on ultrathin 2D materials have attracted increasing attention due to the integrated merits of 2D ultrathin components and the heterojunction effect on the separation and transfer of charges, resulting in important potential values for catalytic applications. Furthermore, 2D/2D heterostructures with face‐to‐face contact are believed to be a preferable dimensionality design due to their large interface area, which would contribute to enhanced heterojunction effect. Here, the cutting‐edge research progress in 2D/2D heterojunctions and heterostructures is highlighted with a specific emphasis on synthetic strategies, reaction mechanism, and applications in catalysis (photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and organic synthesis). Finally, the key issues and development perspectives in the applications of 2D/2D layered heterojunctions and heterostructures in catalysis are also discussed. This work highlights the general strategies and recent progress in the synthesis and catalytic applications (involving photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and organic synthesis) of 2D/2D heterojunctions, which are excellent candidates for the rational design of interfacial contacts to modify textural and electronic structures and thus the final catalytic performance.

For the past three decades, the coordination-driven self-assembly of three-dimensional structures has undergone rapid progress; however, parallel efforts to create large discrete two-dimensional architectures—as opposed to polymers—have met with limited success. The synthesis of metallo-supramolecular systems with well-defined shapes and sizes in the range of 10–100 nm remains challenging. Here we report the construction of a series of giant supramolecular hexagonal grids, with diameters on the order of 20 nm and molecular weights greater than 65 kDa, through a combination of intra- and intermolecular metal-mediated self-assembly steps. The hexagonal intermediates and the resulting self-assembled grid architectures were imaged at submolecular resolution by scanning tunnelling microscopy. Characterization (including by scanning tunnelling spectroscopy) enabled the unambiguous atomic-scale determination of fourteen hexagonal grid isomers.Metal-mediated self-assembly in solution typically leads to small two- and three-dimensional architectures on scales smaller than 10 nm, but now a series of large, discrete, two-dimensional supramolecular hexagonal grids have been prepared through a combination of intra- and intermolecular coordination interactions. These 20-nm-wide grids have been imaged at submolecular resolution using scanning tunnelling microscopy.

The reverse water gas shift reaction can be considered as a promising route to mitigate global warming by converting CO 2 into syngas in a large scale, while it is still challenging for non-Cu-based catalysts to break the trade-off between activity and selectivity. Here, the relatively high loading of Ni species is highly dispersed on hydroxylated TiO 2 through the strong Ni and −OH interactions, thereby inducing the formation of rich and stable Ni clusters (~1 nm) on anatase TiO 2 during the reverse water gas shift reaction. This Ni cluster/TiO 2 catalyst shows a simultaneous high CO 2 conversion and high CO selectivity. Comprehensive characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate Ni cluster/TiO 2 interfacial sites with strong CO 2 activation capacity and weak CO adsorption are responsible for its unique catalytic performances. This work disentangles the activity-selectivity trade-off of the reverse water gas shift reaction, and emphasizes the importance of metal−OH interactions on surface. Here, the authors report a Ni(cluster)/TiO 2 catalyst with strong interactions between Ni and −OH strong to promote CO 2 activation with CO adsorption to avoid the activity-selectivity trade-off of the reverse water gas shift reaction.

Coordination-driven self-assembly has emerged as a powerful bottom-up approach to construct various supramolecular architectures with increasing complexity and functionality. Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) has been incorporated into metallo-supramolecules to build luminescent materials based on aggregation-induced emission. We herein report three generations of ligands with full conjugation of TPE with 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (TPY) to construct emissive materials. Due to the bulky size of TPY substituents, the intramolecular rotations of ligands are partially restricted even in dilute solution, thus leading to emission in both solution and aggregation states. Furthermore, TPE-TPY ligands are assembled with Cd(II) to introduce additional restriction of intramolecular rotation and immobilize fluorophores into rosette-like metallo-supramolecules ranging from generation 1–3 ( G1 − G3 ). More importantly, the fluorescent behavior of TPE-TPY ligands is preserved in these rosettes, which display tunable emissive properties with respect to different generations, particularly, pure white-light emission for G2 . Metal coordination of multitopic ligands is a powerful approach to building complex, functional architectures. Here, the authors construct three generations of fluorescent supramolecular rosettes by coordination of aggregation-induced emissive ligands, including a 2nd-generation macrocycle that emits pure white light.

The large-scale preview screenings during the summer season of 2023 hit box office records in the Chinese film industry. The rising box office earnings of widely distributed films indicate an increasing consumer propensity to watch movies in the post-pandemic period. Nevertheless, there is a lack of research about the consumption patterns associated with large-scale preview screening activity. This study examines the determinants of large-scale preview screening behavior by building a research model based on the theory of planned behavior. After interviewing 251 consumers from Zhengzhou, a newly selected first-tier city in China, we used Amos to analyze their patterns in attending large-scale preview screenings. According to our empirical study, consumers’ intention to watch movies on large-scale preview screening is positively and significantly affected by their perceived behavioral control, social network, and consumption expectation. Perceived behavioral control had the most significant influence, followed by social network and consumption expectation. These elements have a favorable and significant influence on consumers’ intention to watch movies. This study examines the main factors that influence consumers’ movie-watching habits and identifies the behavioral patterns that affect large-scale preview screening cinema attendance. The findings of this study can be a reference for increasing consumers’ passion for watching films. It offers vital recommendations for the recovery and sustainable growth of China’s film market in the post-pandemic period.

Disentangling the roles of the core microbiota in community maintaining and soil nutrient cycling is an important yet poorly understood topic in microbial ecology. This study presents an exploratory effort to gain predictive understanding of the spatial atlas and ecological roles of the core microbiota. A systematic, continental-scale survey was conducted using agro-soils in adjacent pairs of maize (dryland) and rice (wetland) fields across eastern China. The results indicate that the core microbiota play major ecological roles in maintaining complex connections between bacterial taxa and are associated with belowground multinutrient cycling. A continental atlas was built for mapping the bacterial spatial distributions in agro-soils through identifying their habitat preferences. This study represents a significant advance in forecasting the responses of agricultural ecosystems to anthropogenic disturbance and thus helps manage soil bacterial communities for better provisioning of key ecosystem services—the ultimate goal of microbial ecology. Revealing the ecological roles of the core microbiota in community maintaining and soil nutrient cycling is crucial for understanding ecosystem function, yet there is a dearth of continental-scale studies on this fundamental topic in microbial ecology. Here, we collected 251 soil samples from adjacent pairs of maize and rice fields at a continental scale in eastern China. We revealed the major ecological roles of the core microbiota in maintaining complex connections between bacterial taxa and their associations with belowground multinutrient cycling. By identifying the habitat preferences of the core microbiota, we built a continental atlas for mapping the spatial distributions of bacteria in agro-soils, which helps forecast the responses of agricultural ecosystems to anthropogenic disturbance. The multinutrient cycling index for maize and rice soils was related to bacterial α -diversity and β -diversity, respectively. Rice soils exhibited higher bacterial diversity and closer bacterial cooccurrence relationships than maize soils. In contrast to the macro- or microecological latitudinal richness patterns in natural terrestrial ecosystems, the bacteria in maize soils showed higher richness at high latitudes; however, this trend was not observed in rice soils. This study provides a new perspective on the distinct bacterial biogeographic patterns to predict the ecological roles of the core microbiota in agro-soils and thus helps manage soil bacterial communities for better provisioning of key ecosystem services. IMPORTANCE Disentangling the roles of the core microbiota in community maintaining and soil nutrient cycling is an important yet poorly understood topic in microbial ecology. This study presents an exploratory effort to gain predictive understanding of the spatial atlas and ecological roles of the core microbiota. A systematic, continental-scale survey was conducted using agro-soils in adjacent pairs of maize (dryland) and rice (wetland) fields across eastern China. The results indicate that the core microbiota play major ecological roles in maintaining complex connections between bacterial taxa and are associated with belowground multinutrient cycling. A continental atlas was built for mapping the bacterial spatial distributions in agro-soils through identifying their habitat preferences. This study represents a significant advance in forecasting the responses of agricultural ecosystems to anthropogenic disturbance and thus helps manage soil bacterial communities for better provisioning of key ecosystem services—the ultimate goal of microbial ecology.

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum is one of the most severe diseases that can afflict Camellia sinensis . However, research on the diversity and geographical distribution of Colletotrichum in China remain limited. In this study, 106 Colletotrichum isolates were collected from diseased leaves of Ca. sinensis cultivated in the 15 main tea production provinces in China. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis coupled with morphological identification showed that the collected isolates belonged to 11 species, including 6 known species ( C. camelliae , C. cliviae , C. fioriniae , C. fructicola , C. karstii , and C. siamense ), 3 new record species ( C. aenigma , C. endophytica , and C. truncatum ), 1 novel species ( C. wuxiense ), and 1 indistinguishable strain, herein described as Colletotrichum sp. Of these species, C. camelliae and C. fructicola were the dominant species causing anthracnose in Ca. sinensis . In addition, our study provided further evidence that phylogenetic analysis using a combination of ApMat and GS sequences can be used to effectively resolve the taxonomic relationships within the C. gloeosporioides species complex. Finally, pathogenicity tests suggested that C. camelliae , C. aenigma , and C. endophytica are more invasive than other species after the inoculation of the leaves of Ca. sinensis .

In modern applications, the shrinking available space on terminals coupled with the increasing number of frequency bands has prompted the greatest demand for antenna miniaturization and multi-band features. This work introduces an innovative method for designing a dual-band planar antenna with an exceptionally compact size, addressing the pressing requirement. Two half-mode patches, both operating in two modes (TM 0.5,0 of 3.5 GHz frequency band and TM 0.5,2 of 4.9 GHz frequency band) are placed back-to-back. The dual-mode operation in the 3.5 GHz band is achieved using the two TM 0.5,0 modes and the dual-mode operation in the 4.9 GHz band is obtained from the TM 0.5,2 and strip modes. Then, based on the elementary antenna design, a 4 × 4 MIMO system is designed and measured. The isolation between the elements is found to be greater than 15.5 dB. The proposed antenna achieves a bandwidth coverage of 3.36–3.70 GHz and 4.79–5.01 GHz, corresponding to N78 and N79 frequency bands of the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication systems, respectively. The proposed antenna, based on a single-layer design without any air spacing, features a compact size and high integration density, making it an interesting solution for 5G terminals.