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"Hao, Yu"
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Operator bases in effective field theories with sterile neutrinos: d ≤ 9
A
bstract
We obtain the complete and independent bases of effective operators at mass dimension 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 in both standard model effective field theory with light sterile right-handed neutrinos (
ν
SMEFT) and low energy effective field theory with light sterile neutrinos (
ν
LEFT). These theories provide systematical parametrizations on all possible Lorentz-invariant physical effects involving in the Majorana/Dirac neutrinos, with/without the lepton number violations. In the
ν
SMEFT, we find that there are 2 (18), 29 (1614), 80 (4206), 323 (20400), 1358 (243944) independent operators with sterile neutrinos included at the dimension 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 for one (three) generation of fermions, while 24, 5223, 3966, 25425, 789426 independent operators in the
ν
LEFT for two generations of up-type quarks and three generations of all other fermions.
Journal Article
How Does Green Investment Affect Environmental Pollution? Evidence from China
China is currently undergoing an important stage wherein it is adjusting its development mode and upgrading its industrial structure. Green investment has become a major driving force through which China can achieve green and sustainable development. Based on the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces for the 2006–2017 period, this paper uses a spatial Durbin model and a dynamic threshold model to empirically analyze the impact of green investment and institutional quality on environmental pollution. The research results show that China’s environmental pollution is significantly characterized by spatial dependence. Local environmental pollution is negatively impacted by green investment, but it is not affected by green investment in neighboring areas; this conclusion remains valid after a series of robustness tests. Green investment can reduce environmental pollution by improving efficiency of energy conservation and emission reduction, expanding technological innovation capabilities and upgrading the industrial structure. The regression results of the dynamic threshold model show that green investment has a nonlinear impact on environmental pollution that is dependent on institutional quality. A higher degree of regional corruption can lead to a gradual decrease in the role of green investment in reducing environmental pollution. However, improvements in marketization and intellectual property protection can increase the positive influence of green investment in reducing environmental pollution. Significant regional heterogeneity is also found in the impact of green investment on environmental pollution, and this impact gradually decreases from the eastern coast to the western region.
Journal Article
Innovation and challenges of artificial intelligence technology in personalized healthcare
As the burgeoning field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to permeate the fabric of healthcare, particularly in the realms of patient surveillance and telemedicine, a transformative era beckons. This manuscript endeavors to unravel the intricacies of recent AI advancements and their profound implications for reconceptualizing the delivery of medical care. Through the introduction of innovative instruments such as virtual assistant chatbots, wearable monitoring devices, predictive analytic models, personalized treatment regimens, and automated appointment systems, AI is not only amplifying the quality of care but also empowering patients and fostering a more interactive dynamic between the patient and the healthcare provider. Yet, this progressive infiltration of AI into the healthcare sphere grapples with a plethora of challenges hitherto unseen. The exigent issues of data security and privacy, the specter of algorithmic bias, the requisite adaptability of regulatory frameworks, and the matter of patient acceptance and trust in AI solutions demand immediate and thoughtful resolution .The importance of establishing stringent and far-reaching policies, ensuring technological impartiality, and cultivating patient confidence is paramount to ensure that AI-driven enhancements in healthcare service provision remain both ethically sound and efficient. In conclusion, we advocate for an expansion of research efforts aimed at navigating the ethical complexities inherent to a technology-evolving landscape, catalyzing policy innovation, and devising AI applications that are not only clinically effective but also earn the trust of the patient populace. By melding expertise across disciplines, we stand at the threshold of an era wherein AI's role in healthcare is both ethically unimpeachable and conducive to elevating the global health quotient.
Journal Article
Low energy effective field theory operator basis at d ≤ 9
A
bstract
We obtain the complete operator bases at mass dimensions 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 for the low energy effective field theory (LEFT), which parametrize various physics effects between the QCD scale and the electroweak scale. The independence of the operator basis regarding the equation of motion, integration by parts and flavor relations, is guaranteed by our algorithm [1, 2], whose validity for the LEFT with massive fermions involved is proved by a generalization of the amplitude-operator correspondence. At dimension 8 and 9, we list the 35058 (756) and 704584 (3686) operators for three (one) generations of fermions categorized by their baryon and lepton number violations (∆
B
, ∆
L
), as these operators are of most phenomenological relevance.
Journal Article
Metabolomics Signatures in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Integrative Analysis
Abstract
Objective
Metabolic signatures have emerged as valuable signaling molecules in the biochemical process of type 2 diabetes (T2D). To summarize and identify metabolic biomarkers in T2D, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between metabolites and T2D using high-throughput metabolomics techniques.
Methods
We searched relevant studies from MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library as well as Chinese databases (Wanfang, Vip, and CNKI) inception through 31 December 2018. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14.0 under random effect. Besides, bioinformatic analysis was performed to explore molecule mechanism by MetaboAnalyst and R 3.5.2.
Results
Finally, 46 articles were included in this review on metabolites involved amino acids, acylcarnitines, lipids, carbohydrates, organic acids, and others. Results of meta-analysis in prospective studies indicated that isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, glutamate, alanine, valerylcarnitine (C5), palmitoylcarnitine (C16), palmitic acid, and linoleic acid were associated with higher T2D risk. Conversely, serine, glutamine, and lysophosphatidylcholine C18:2 decreased risk of T2D. Arginine and glycine increased risk of T2D in the Western countries subgroup, and betaine was negatively correlated with T2D in nested case-control subgroup. In addition, slight improvements in T2D prediction beyond traditional risk factors were observed when adding these metabolites in predictive analysis. Pathway analysis identified 17 metabolic pathways may alter in the process of T2D and metabolite-related genes were also enriched in functions and pathways associated with T2D.
Conclusions
Several metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with T2D have been identified, which provide valuable biomarkers and novel targets for prevention and drug therapy.
Journal Article
Exploring extended scalar sectors with di-Higgs signals: a Higgs EFT perspective
A
bstract
We consider extended scalar sectors of the Standard Model as ultraviolet complete motivations for studying the effective Higgs self-interaction operators of the Standard Model effective field theory. We investigate all motivated heavy scalar models which generate the dimension-six effective operator, |
H
|
6
, at tree level and proceed to identify the full set of tree-level dimension-six operators by integrating out the heavy scalars. Of seven models which generate |
H
|
6
at tree level only two, quadruplets of hypercharge
Y
= 3
Y
H
and
Y
=
Y
H
, generate only this operator. Next we perform global fits to constrain relevant Wilson coefficients from the LHC single Higgs measurements as well as the electroweak oblique parameters
S
and
T
. We find that the
T
parameter puts very strong constraints on the Wilson coefficient of the |
H
|
6
operator in the triplet and quadruplet models, while the singlet and doublet models could still have Higgs self-couplings which deviate significantly from the standard model prediction. To determine the extent to which the |
H
|
6
operator could be constrained, we study the di-Higgs signatures at the future 100 TeV collider and explore future sensitivity of this operator. Projected onto the Higgs potential parameters of the extended scalar sectors, with 30 ab
−1
luminosity data we will be able to explore the Higgs potential parameters in all seven models.
Journal Article
Metal-organic framework membranes with single-atomic centers for photocatalytic CO2 and O2 reduction
The demand for sustainable energy has motivated the development of artificial photosynthesis. Yet the catalyst and reaction interface designs for directly fixing permanent gases (e.g. CO
2
, O
2
, N
2
) into liquid fuels are still challenged by slow mass transfer and sluggish catalytic kinetics at the gas-liquid-solid boundary. Here, we report that gas-permeable metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes can modify the electronic structures and catalytic properties of metal single-atoms (SAs) to promote the diffusion, activation, and reduction of gas molecules (e.g. CO
2,
O
2
) and produce liquid fuels under visible light and mild conditions. With Ir SAs as active centers, the defect-engineered MOF (e.g. activated NH
2
-UiO-66) particles can reduce CO
2
to HCOOH with an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 2.51% at 420 nm on the gas-liquid-solid reaction interface. With promoted gas diffusion at the porous gas-solid interfaces, the gas-permeable SA/MOF membranes can directly convert humid CO
2
gas into HCOOH with a near-unity selectivity and a significantly increased AQE of 15.76% at 420 nm. A similar strategy can be applied to the photocatalytic O
2
-to-H
2
O
2
conversions, suggesting the wide applicability of our catalyst and reaction interface designs.
Photoreduction of permanent gas faces challenges in reactant diffusion and activation at the three-phase interface. Here the authors showed porous metal-organic framework membranes decorated by metal single atoms can boost the photoreduction of CO
2
and O
2
at the high-throughput gas-solid interface.
Journal Article