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"Harker, Richard J. W."
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Beyond Rosie : a documentary history of women and World War II
\"More so than any war in history, World War II was a woman's war. Women, motivated by patriotism, the opportunity for new experiences, and the desire to serve, participated widely in the global conflict. Within the Allied countries, women of all ages proved to be invaluable in the fight for victory. Rosie the Riveter became the most enduring image of women's involvement in World War II. What Rosie represented, however, is only a small portion of a complex story. As wartime production workers, enlistees in auxiliary military units, members of voluntary organizations or resistance groups, wives and mothers on the home front, journalists, and USO performers, American women found ways to challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes. Beyond Rosie offers readers an opportunity to see the numerous contributions women made to the fight against the Axis powers and how American women's roles changed during the war. The primary documents (newspapers, propaganda posters, cartoons, excerpts from oral histories and memoirs, speeches, photographs, and editorials) collected here represent cultural, political, economic, and social perspectives on the diverse roles women played during World War II.\"--Page 4 of cover.
Beyond Rosie
by
Brock, Julia
,
Dickey, Jennifer W
,
Harker, Richard
in
HISTORY
,
Participation, Female
,
Social History
2015
More so than any war in history, World War II was a woman's war. Women, motivated by patriotism, the opportunity for new experiences, and the desire to serve, participated widely in the global conflict. Within the Allied countries, women of all ages proved to be invaluable in the fight for victory. Rosie the Riveter became the most enduring image of women's involvement in World War II. What Rosie represented, however, is only a small portion of a complex story. As wartime production workers, enlistees in auxiliary military units, members of voluntary organizations or resistance groups, wives and mothers on the home front, journalists, and USO performers, American women found ways to challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes.Beyond Rosieoffers readers an opportunity to see the numerous contributions they made to the fight against the Axis powers and how American women's roles changed during the war. The primary documents (newspapers, propaganda posters, cartoons, excerpts from oral histories and memoirs, speeches, photographs, and editorials) collected here represent cultural, political, economic, and social perspectives on the diverse roles women played during World War II.
The impact of a museum travelling exhibition on middle school teachers and students from rural, low-income homes
2016
Schools may be places of learning, but a great deal of learning occurs outside of school. A growing body of literature investigates how school field trips allow rural students to make real-life connections with their school curriculum. This paper contributes to that area of research by describing how students from five middle schools in the United States responded to a travelling museum exhibition hosted at a non-museum site. The authors explore the impact of the exhibition on students from poor, rural backgrounds, discussing how it helped them to engage with themes such as freedom of expression, democracy, citizenship and Holocaust education. The results show that, by connecting curricular content with real-life situations, field trips such as this have the potential to change not only students' understanding of the curriculum, but also their teachers' estimation of their abilities. Dépasser la conception déficitaire culturelle des enseignants? Impact d'une exposition itinérante sur des enseignants et des collégiens issus de foyers ruraux modestes – Les écoles peuvent être des lieux d'apprentissage, mais une grande partie de l'apprentissage s'accomplit à l'extérieur de l'école. Une documentation de plus en plus abondante examine comment les sorties scolaires permettent aux élèves habitant les régions rurales d'établir des liens entre vie réelle et programme scolaire. Cet article contribue à ce domaine de recherche en décrivant les réactions des élèves de cinq collèges des États-Unis à une exposition itinérante présentée autre part que dans un musée. Les auteurs explorent l'impact de l'exposition sur les élèves issus de foyers ruraux défavorisés, en analysant comment elle les a aidés à aborder des thèmes tels que la liberté d'expression, la démocratie, la citoyenneté et l'enseignement de l'Holocauste. Les résultats montrent que, en établissant un lien entre contenu du programme et situations de la vie réelle, les sorties scolaires telles que celle-ci ont le potentiel de modifier non seulement l'appréhension du programme par les élèves, mais aussi l'appréciation de leurs capacités par les enseignants.
Journal Article
Traveling Exhibitions as Sites for Informal Learning: Assessing Different Strategies with Field Trips to Traveling Exhibitions at Non-museum Sites
2015
This study investigated the use of different pedagogical techniques to create an intellectually engaging experience for middle school students who visited a traveling exhibition from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum at a non-museum host site: the University of North Georgia Dahlonega's Library and Technology Center. The findings of this study show that traveling exhibitions hosted by libraries, community centers, and universities can provoke meaningful educational experiences for visiting school groups. It is recommended, however, that the parent museums provide the same substantial and thorough guidelines and materials for non-museum host sites and teachers as they do for their permanent, on-site exhibitions.
Journal Article
Modelling the epidemiological and economic impact of digital adherence technologies with differentiated care for tuberculosis treatment in Ethiopia
by
Dube, Tanyaradzwa N
,
Abdurhman, Tofik
,
Bedru, Ahmed
in
Adolescent
,
Adult
,
Antitubercular Agents - economics
2024
BackgroundDigital adherence technologies (DATs) with associated differentiated care are potential tools to improve tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes and reduce associated costs for both patients and healthcare providers. However, the balance between epidemiological and economic benefits remains unclear. Here, we used data from the ASCENT trial to estimate the potential long-term epidemiological and economic impact of DAT interventions in Ethiopia.MethodsWe developed a compartmental transmission model for TB, calibrated to Ethiopia and parameterised with patient and provider costs. We compared the epidemiological and economic impact of two DAT interventions, a digital pillbox and medication labels, to the current standard of care, assuming each was introduced at scale in 2023. We projected long-term TB incidence, mortality and costs to 2035 and conducted a threshold analysis to identify the maximum possible epidemiological impact of a DAT intervention by assuming 100% treatment completion for patients on DAT.FindingsWe estimated small and uncertain epidemiological benefits of the pillbox intervention compared with the standard of care in Ethiopia, with a difference of −0.4% (95% uncertainty interval (UI) −1.1%; +2.0%) incident TB episodes and −0.7% (95% UI −2.2%; +3.6%) TB deaths. However, our analysis also found large total provider and patient cost savings (US$163 (95% UI US$118; US$211) and US$3 (95%UI: US$1; US$5), respectively, over 2023–2035), translating to a 50.2% (95% UI 35.9%; 65.2%) reduction in total cost of treatment. Results were similar for the medication label intervention. The maximum possible epidemiological impact a theoretical DAT intervention could achieve over the same timescale would be a 3% (95% UI 1.4%; 5.5%) reduction in incident TB and an 8.2% (95% UI 4.4%; 12.8%) reduction in TB deaths.InterpretationDAT interventions, while showing limited epidemiological impact, could substantially reduce TB treatment costs for both patients and the healthcare provider.
Journal Article
Development of a 63K SNP Array for Cotton and High-Density Mapping of Intraspecific and Interspecific Populations of Gossypium spp
2015
High-throughput genotyping arrays provide a standardized resource for plant breeding communities that are useful for a breadth of applications including high-density genetic mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genomic selection (GS), complex trait dissection, and studying patterns of genomic diversity among cultivars and wild accessions. We have developed the CottonSNP63K, an Illumina Infinium array containing assays for 45,104 putative intraspecific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for use within the cultivated cotton species Gossypium hirsutum L. and 17,954 putative interspecific SNP markers for use with crosses of other cotton species with G. hirsutum. The SNPs on the array were developed from 13 different discovery sets that represent a diverse range of G. hirsutum germplasm and five other species: G. barbadense L., G. tomentosum Nuttal × Seemann, G. mustelinum Miers × Watt, G. armourianum Kearny, and G. longicalyx J.B. Hutchinson and Lee. The array was validated with 1,156 samples to generate cluster positions to facilitate automated analysis of 38,822 polymorphic markers. Two high-density genetic maps containing a total of 22,829 SNPs were generated for two F2 mapping populations, one intraspecific and one interspecific, and 3,533 SNP markers were co-occurring in both maps. The produced intraspecific genetic map is the first saturated map that associates into 26 linkage groups corresponding to the number of cotton chromosomes for a cross between two G. hirsutum lines. The linkage maps were shown to have high levels of collinearity to the JGI G. raimondii Ulbrich reference genome sequence. The CottonSNP63K array, cluster file and associated marker sequences constitute a major new resource for the global cotton research community.
Journal Article
Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: A Synopsis of Coordinated National Crop Wild Relative Seed Collecting Programs across Five Continents
2022
The Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change Project set out to improve the diversity, quantity, and accessibility of germplasm collections of crop wild relatives (CWR). Between 2013 and 2018, partners in 25 countries, heirs to the globetrotting legacy of Nikolai Vavilov, undertook seed collecting expeditions targeting CWR of 28 crops of global significance for agriculture. Here, we describe the implementation of the 25 national collecting programs and present the key results. A total of 4587 unique seed samples from at least 355 CWR taxa were collected, conserved ex situ, safety duplicated in national and international genebanks, and made available through the Multilateral System (MLS) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (Plant Treaty). Collections of CWR were made for all 28 targeted crops. Potato and eggplant were the most collected genepools, although the greatest number of primary genepool collections were made for rice. Overall, alfalfa, Bambara groundnut, grass pea and wheat were the genepools for which targets were best achieved. Several of the newly collected samples have already been used in pre-breeding programs to adapt crops to future challenges
Journal Article
The peculiar colours of the halo light in the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC5907
by
Fairfield, Stephen W.
,
Harker, David E.
,
Hodge, Tracy
in
Astronomy
,
Astrophysics
,
Dark matter (stellar, interstellar, galactic, and cosmological)
1997
The presence of substantial haloes of 'dark matter' around galaxies has been inferred from their gravitational influence on the gas and stars in their disks
1
, but the nature of the dark matter remains very uncertain. The recent detection of faint optical emission from the halo around the edge-on galaxy NGC5907 (refs 2–5), distributed in a manner that follows the expected distribution of the gravitational mass, provided the first direct indication that faint stars might be the repository of some dark matter. But it was not clear how much of the mass was provided by these intrinsically faint stars. Here we report near-infrared observations of the halo emission from this galaxy. Taken together with the optical data, the results produce a very peculiar spectral energy distribution, which cannot be explained by any current models of stellar populations. The best approximation is a collection of stars with near-solar abundances of heavy elements, along with many low-mass stars. Such a population would be very unexpected for a galactic halo, where the stars should be old and have rather low fractions of heavy elements, but could account for much of the gravitational mass.
Journal Article