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SARS-CoV-2 is the causative virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic has necessitated that all professional and elite sport is either suspended, postponed or cancelled altogether to minimise the risk of viral spread. As infection rates drop and quarantine restrictions are lifted, the question how athletes can safely resume competitive sport is being asked. Given the rapidly evolving knowledge base about the virus and changing governmental and public health recommendations, a precise answer to this question is fraught with complexity and nuance. Without robust data to inform policy, return-to-play (RTP) decisions are especially difficult for elite athletes on the suspicion that the COVID-19 virus could result in significant cardiorespiratory compromise in a minority of afflicted athletes. There are now consistent reports of athletes reporting persistent and residual symptoms many weeks to months after initial COVID-19 infection. These symptoms include cough, tachycardia and extreme fatigue. To support safe RTP, we provide sport and exercise medicine physicians with practical recommendations on how to exclude cardiorespiratory complications of COVID-19 in elite athletes who place high demand on their cardiorespiratory system. As new evidence emerges, guidance for a safe RTP should be updated.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a group of autoinflammatory diseases that cause pain and disability if not controlled by treatment. Parenting a child with JIA is stressful for parents, who express concerns about their child's treatment and may experience anxiety and powerlessness concerning their child's illness. Parenting stress is greater in parents of children with chronic illness than in those with healthy children and is related to poorer psychological adjustment in both parents and children. It is therefore important to develop interventions to support parents. This paper reports the evaluation of a web-based tool that provides information and practical skills to help increase parents' confidence in managing their child's illness and reduce parenting stress. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of a web-based tool (WebParC) for parents of children with recently diagnosed JIA. A multicentered randomized controlled trial was conducted at pediatric rheumatology centers in England. We recruited parents of children aged ≤12 years who had been diagnosed with JIA within the previous 6 months. They were randomized to the intervention (WebParC access plus standard care) or the control (standard care alone) and followed up 4 months and 12 months after randomization. Where both parents participated, they were randomized by household to the same trial arm. The WebParC intervention consists of information about JIA and its treatment plus a toolkit, based on cognitive behavioral therapy, to help parents develop skills to manage JIA-related issues. The primary outcome was the self-report Pediatric Inventory for Parents measure of illness-related parenting stress. The secondary outcomes were parental mood, self-efficacy, coping, effectiveness of participation in their child's health care, satisfaction with health care, and child's health-related quality of life. A total of 203 households comprising 220 parents were randomized to the intervention (100/203, 49.3%) or control (103/203, 50.7%) arm. Follow-up assessments were completed by 65.5% (133/203) of the households at 4 months (intervention 60/100, 60%, and control 73/103, 70.9%) and 61.1% (124/203) of the households at 12 months (intervention 58/100, 58%, and control 66/103, 64.1%). A main effect of the trial arm was found on the Pediatric Inventory for Parents: the intervention participants reported less frequency (subscales communication F =5.37; P=.02, and role function F =5.40; P=.02) and difficulty (subscales communication F =7.43; P=.006, medical care F =4.04; P=.04, and role function F =4.37, P=.04) regarding illness-related stressful events than the control participants. The WebParC website for parents of children with JIA reduced illness-related parenting stress. This web-based intervention offers a feasible preventive approach for parents of children with JIA and potentially could be adapted and evaluated for parents of children with other chronic illnesses. International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 13159730; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13159730.

After serving in Singapore just at the end of the war in the Royal Air Force, Arthur Curtis settled in Brighton, Sussex, and set up a two person practice.

Highly effective teachers possess the capability of bringing about desired student learning achievement outcomes that emphasize teacher experience and education. However, self-efficacy is a vital teacher characteristic that makes a classroom teacher more effective in creating a positive learning environment. Additionally, an understanding of teachers’ sense of self-efficacy is vital for teacher retention since a teacher who has little belief in his or her ability is less likely to persevere when confronted with education reform programs and challenging classrooms. The malleability of self-efficacy is an issue in which research is needed, linking self-efficacy beliefs to the changing organization climate, student empowerment initiatives, instructional innovations, and professional performance evaluation reforms. The purpose of this study was to investigate various variables that may predict the level of teacher self-efficacy of the participating middle school teachers. A series of multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine the predictive relationship between teachers’ characteristics, levels of self-esteem, empathy, personality characteristics, elements associated with job satisfaction, elements associated with stress, and self-efficacy beliefs. Results of the multiple linear regression indicated that a significant relationship existed between the teachers’ levels of self-esteem, empathy, personality characteristics, and self-efficacy beliefs. Additionally, a significant relationship existed between elements of job satisfaction and self-efficacy beliefs. Teachers’ overall sense of self-worth and self-esteem are important components of their belief in their teaching abilities. Teachers’ empathy can help foster an effective learning atmosphere founded on acceptance and belonging among students, but the connection between teacher empathy and teacher self-efficacy is poorly understood and requires more research. The predictability of teachers’ work conditions and their work environments remain practical priorities in understanding self-efficacy. Finally, the most interesting and unexpected finding of the study was that student- and work-related stress predicted teacher self-efficacy. This finding runs counter to previous findings and suggests that it may be time to reassess the role of stress in self-efficacy and develop multidimensional understandings of stress that include eustress, or stress as a motivating factor, that can help individuals overcome challenges and build self-efficacy through mastery experiences.

The winning volume in the 1986 Yale Series of Younger Poets competition isAbove the Landby Julie Agoos. As James Merrill, distinguished poet and judge of the competition, has said: \"Framing her travel pieces in American pine, weaving her home truths so openly that the European figures glimmer through, Julie Agoos gives us the best of both worlds. The sincerity, lightness, and composure of her voice make this a remarkably engaging debut.\"Born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1956,Julie Agoosreceived a B.A. degree from Harvard University in 1979 and an M.A. from The Writing Seminars at The Johns Hopkins University in 1983. She was awarded the Lloyd McKim Garrison Prize for Poetry and a Briggs Literary Fellowship from Harvard University; in 1978 she also received the Grolier Poetry Prize. Her poems have appeared in numerous journals and literary magazines, includingAntaeus, The Antioch Review, Partisan Review,andPloughshares.

South Korea's technological reliance on the US and Japan prevents it from achieving greater autonomy in both defense procurement and posture. The strategic situation on the peninsula and regional economic problems also hamper the autonomy of South Korea's defense industry.

By focusing on the development of different types of detectives – the police, the private, and the female – we look at the historical development of the characters and the forms of justice over time: divine, social, moral, legal and even poetic. Or in which private detectives choose the means of justice, as is the case in stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Sue Grafton. Students have fun searching the text for clues and thinking critically about language and how sociopolitical contexts shape our current thoughts about crime and justice. What materials does the course feature? Because the course covers the development of different types of detectives, we start with what’s widely considered one of the first police detective novels in English, “The Moonstone” by Wilkie Collins, which was first published serially in one of Dickens’ magazines in 1868.

By focusing on the development of different types of detectives – the police, the private, and the female – we look at the historical development of the characters and the forms of justice over time: divine, social, moral, legal and even poetic. Or in which private detectives choose the means of justice, as is the case in stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Sue Grafton. Students have fun searching the text for clues and thinking critically about language and how sociopolitical contexts shape our current thoughts about crime and justice. What materials does the course feature? Because the course covers the development of different types of detectives, we start with what’s widely considered one of the first police detective novels in English, “The Moonstone” by Wilkie Collins, which was first published serially in one of Dickens’ magazines in 1868.