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"Hasan, Muhammad"
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Songs of the Arabian Red Sea : a cultural history
Song and music have always played an important part in the cultural identity of the mariners and coastal peoples of the Red Sea. While previous studies on the maritime culture of this region have focused on the sailing vessel, the dhow, and seafaring communities, this book examines its rich musical repertoire. Using fieldwork conducted along the Hijaz and Upper Tihama coasts, it documents examples of different musical forms and styles as well as the stories of older mariners who describe the contexts in which songs were sung, from sea shanties during the working day to soulful ballads about home and loved ones at night.
BOOK
Non-superiority of lumen-apposing metal stents over plastic stents for drainage of walled-off necrosis in a randomised trial
ObjectiveAlthough lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) are increasingly used for drainage of walled-off necrosis (WON), their advantage over plastic stents is unclear. We compared efficacy of LAMS and plastic stents for WON drainage.DesignPatients with WON were randomised to endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage using LAMS or plastic stents. Primary outcome was comparing total number of procedures to achieve treatment success defined as symptom relief in conjunction with WON resolution on CT at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were treatment success, procedure duration, clinical/stent-related adverse events, readmissions, length of hospital stay (LOS) and costs.Results60 patients underwent LAMS (n=31) or plastic stent (n=29) placement. There was no significant difference in total number of procedures performed (median 2 (range 2–7) LAMS vs 3 (range 2–7) plastic, p=0.192), treatment success, clinical adverse events, readmissions, LOS and overall treatment costs between cohorts. Although procedure duration was shorter (15 vs 40 min, p<0.001), stent-related adverse events (32.3% vs 6.9%, p=0.01) and procedure costs (US$12 155 vs US$6609, p<0.001) were higher with LAMS. Significant stent-related adverse events were observed ≥3 weeks postintervention in LAMS cohort. Interim audit resulted in protocol amendment where CT scan was obtained at 3 weeks postintervention followed by LAMS removal if WON had resolved. After protocol amendment, there was no significant difference in adverse events between cohorts.ConclusionExcept for procedure duration, there was no significant difference in treatment outcomes between LAMS and plastic stents. To minimise adverse events with LAMS, patients should undergo follow-up imaging and stent removal at 3 weeks if WON has resolved.Trial registration number NCT02685865.
Journal Article
An efficient detection of Sinkhole attacks using machine learning: Impact on energy and security
In the realm of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the detection and mitigation of sinkhole attacks remain pivotal for ensuring network integrity and efficiency. This paper introduces SFlexCrypt, an innovative approach tailored to address these security challenges while optimizing energy consumption in WSNs. SFlexCrypt stands out by seamlessly integrating advanced machine learning algorithms to achieve high-precision detection and effective mitigation of sinkhole attacks. Employing a dataset from Contiki-Cooja, SFlexCrypt has been rigorously tested, demonstrating a detection accuracy of 100% and a mitigation rate of 97.31%. This remarkable performance not only bolsters network security but also significantly extends network longevity and reduces energy expenditure, crucial factors in the sustainability of WSNs. The study contributes substantially to the field of IoT security, offering a comprehensive and efficient framework for implementing Internet-based security strategies. The results affirm that SFlexCrypt is a robust solution, capable of enhancing the resilience of WSNs against sinkhole attacks while maintaining optimal energy efficiency.
Journal Article
Phase Change Materials (PCM) for Solar Energy Usages and Storage: An Overview
Solar energy is a renewable energy source that can be utilized for different applications in today’s world. The effective use of solar energy requires a storage medium that can facilitate the storage of excess energy, and then supply this stored energy when it is needed. An effective method of storing thermal energy from solar is through the use of phase change materials (PCMs). PCMs are isothermal in nature, and thus offer higher density energy storage and the ability to operate in a variable range of temperature conditions. This article provides a comprehensive review of the application of PCMs for solar energy use and storage such as for solar power generation, water heating systems, solar cookers, and solar dryers. This paper will benefit the researcher in conducting further research on solar power generation, water heating system, solar cookers, and solar dryers using PCMs for commercial development.
Journal Article
A Review of THz Technologies for Rapid Sensing and Detection of Viruses including SARS-CoV-2
Virus epidemics such as Ebola virus, Zika virus, MERS-coronavirus, and others have wreaked havoc on humanity in the last decade. In addition, a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and its continuously evolving mutants have become so deadly that they have forced the entire technical advancement of healthcare into peril. Traditional ways of detecting these viruses have been successful to some extent, but they are costly, time-consuming, and require specialized human resources. Terahertz-based biosensors have the potential to lead the way for low-cost, non-invasive, and rapid virus detection. This review explores the latest progresses in terahertz technology-based biosensors for the virus, viral particle, and antigen detection, as well as upcoming research directions in the field.
Journal Article
Development of deep-underground engineering structures via 2D and 3D RQD prediction using non-invasive CSAMT
The stability criterion based on the characterization of rock masses can be used to advance deep underground engineering projects. A key geomechanical criterion in geotechnical engineering is rock quality designation (RQD), which assesses risk for engineering design success criteria. Time, cost, and credibility constraints make it difficult to accurately estimate RQD. Point-scale data makes engineering design less precise and confusing, while traditional drilling for RQD estimation are expensive and time-consuming. An innovative geophysical approach to 2D and 3D RQD estimation is presented in this study. It provides easier, faster, and cheaper access to geomechanical volumetric data. So far, no other work has used non-invasive CSAMT to estimate RQD over 1 km depth in a highly diverse rock setting. The suggested approach provides a more precise and thorough evaluation of the rock’s integrity for the effective installation of the neutrino detector 700 m below ground. The results are significant because they help us make sense of complicated geological situations, estimate the likelihood of early collapse, and build deep underground structures safely, steadily, and affordably. Our approach leads to more objective indices, helps in the development of more accurate geotechnical structures, and reduces inconsistencies between appropriate geomechanical models and sparse data.
Journal Article
BMP pathway regulation of insulin signaling components promotes lipid storage in Caenorhabditis elegans
A small number of peptide growth factor ligands are used repeatedly in development and homeostasis to drive programs of cell differentiation and function. Cells and tissues must integrate inputs from these diverse signals correctly, while failure to do so leads to pathology, reduced fitness, or death. Previous work using the nematode C . elegans identified an interaction between the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) pathways in the regulation of lipid homeostasis. The molecular components required for this interaction, however, were not fully understood. Here we report that INS-4, one of 40 insulin-like peptides (ILPs), is regulated by BMP signaling to modulate fat accumulation. Furthermore, we find that the IIS transcription factor DAF-16/FoxO, but not SKN-1/Nrf, acts downstream of BMP signaling in lipid homeostasis. Interestingly, BMP activity alters sensitivity of these two transcription factors to IIS-promoted cytoplasmic retention in opposite ways. Finally, we probe the extent of BMP and IIS interactions by testing additional IIS functions including dauer formation, aging, and autophagy induction. Coupled with our previous work and that of other groups, we conclude that BMP and IIS pathways have at least three modes of interaction: independent, epistatic, and antagonistic. The molecular interactions we identify provide new insight into mechanisms of signaling crosstalk and potential therapeutic targets for IIS-related pathologies such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
Journal Article
Diet and Lifestyle Interventions in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Review
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its progressive form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), have become the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide, with increasing rates of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cardiovascular complications. Pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of dietary excess, sedentary lifestyle, insulin resistance, adipose tissue dysfunction, and alterations in the gut microbiome, which collectively lead to hepatocellular stress, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. Despite ongoing advances in pharmacotherapy, lifestyle intervention remains the cornerstone of management. Evidence shows that sustained weight loss of ≥5% reduces hepatic steatosis, ≥7% improves necroinflammation, and ≥10% stabilizes or reverses fibrosis. Dietary strategies, including Mediterranean-style patterns, high-protein approaches, and intermittent fasting, have been shown to be effective in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing intrahepatic triglycerides. Exercise interventions, focusing on both aerobic fitness and resistance training, enhance metabolic flexibility and combat sarcopenia, thereby improving hepatic and systemic outcomes. Equally important are behavioral support, digital health tools, and multidisciplinary approaches that enhance adherence and address barriers such as socioeconomic disparities, limited access, and patient engagement issues. Personalized nutrition plans, integrating physical activity, and ongoing support for behavioral change are essential for long-term disease management. This review synthesizes current evidence on the roles of macronutrients, micronutrients, dietary quality, physical activity, and adjunctive behavioral strategies in managing MASLD. By translating mechanistic insights into practical, evidence-based recommendations, we aim to provide clinicians, dietitians, and exercise professionals with effective frameworks to slow disease progression and improve outcomes across diverse patient populations.
Journal Article
Nickel-Based High-Bandwidth Nanostructured Metamaterial Absorber for Visible and Infrared Spectrum
The efficient control of optical light at the nanoscale level attracts marvelous applications, including thermal imaging, energy harvesting, thermal photovoltaics, etc. These applications demand a high-bandwidth, thermally robust, angularly stable, and miniaturized absorber, which is a key challenge to be addressed. So, in this study, the simple and cost-effective solution to attain a high-bandwidth nanostructured absorber is demonstrated. The designed nanoscale absorber is composed of a simple and plain circular ring of nickel metal, which possesses many interesting features, including a miniaturized geometry, easily fabricable design, large operational bandwidth, and polarization insensitivity, over the previously presented absorbers. The proposed nanoscale absorber manifests an average absorption of 93% over a broad optical window from 400 to 2800 nm. Moreover, the detailed analysis of the absorption characteristics is also performed by exciting the optical light’s various incident and polarization angles. From the examined outcome, it is concluded that the nanostructured absorber maintains its average absorption of 80% at oblique incident angles in a broad wavelength range from 400 to 2800 nm. Owing to its appealing functionalities, such as the large bandwidth, simple geometry, low cost, polarization insensitivity, and thermal robustness of the constituting metal, nickel (Ni), this nano-absorber is made as an alternative for the applications of energy harvesting, thermal photovoltaics, and emission.
Journal Article