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The electronic structure of compensated antiferromagnets (CAF) creates large functional responses, reminiscent of ferromagnets and suitable for data storage and readout, despite (nearly) net-zero spontaneous magnetization. Many experimental signatures of CAF - such as giant thermoelectric Nernst effects - should be enhanced when two or more electronic bands are nearly degenerate in vicinity of the Fermi energy. Here, we report a zero-field, thermoelectric Nernst effect  >1  μ V/K in the CAF CoNb 3 S 6 despite its tiny net magnetization  ~2 milli −  μ B . As drivers of the functional Nernst and Hall effects, we identify near-degeneracies of electron bands at the upper and lower boundaries of the first Brillouin zone, which are vestiges of nodal planes enforced by a screw axis symmetry in the paramagnetic state. Hot spots of emergent, or fictitious, magnetic fields are formed at the slightly gapped nodal planes. Taking into account more than six hundred Wannier orbitals, our theoretical model reproduces the observed spontaneous Nernst effect, emphasizes the role of proximate spin-space group symmetries and nodal planes for the electronic structure of CAF, and demonstrates the promise of ab-initio search for functional responses in a wide class of materials with reconstructed unit cells (supercells) due to spin or charge order. The antiferromagnet CoNb 3 S 6 with chiral crystal lattice has near-zero magnetization, but exhibits a large thermoelectric Nernst effect in zero magnetic field, attributed to topological nodal planes in its electronic structure and magnetic spin-space group symmetries in the ordered state.

Dietary fat strongly influences the intestinal mucosal barrier, which protects against invading pathogenic bacteria. A high-fat diet (HFD) compromises the integrity of epithelial tight junctions (TJs) and reduces mucin production, leading to intestinal barrier disruption and metabolic endotoxemia. It has been shown that the active constituents of indigo plants can protect against intestinal inflammation; however, their protective role in HFD-induced intestinal epithelial damage remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Polygonum tinctorium leaf extract (indigo Ex) on HFD-induced intestinal damage in mice. Male C57BL6/J mice were fed a HFD and injected intraperitoneally with either indigo Ex or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 4 weeks. The expression levels of TJ proteins, zonula occludens-1 and Claudin-1, were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. The colon mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-12p40, IL-10 and IL-22 were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The results revealed that indigo Ex administration attenuated the HFD-induced shortening of the colon. Colon crypt length was shown to be significantly greater in the indigo Ex-treated group mice compared with that in the PBS-treated group mice. Moreover, indigo Ex administration increased the number of goblet cells, and ameliorated the redistribution of TJ proteins. Notably, indigo Ex significantly increased the colon mRNA expression levels of IL-10. Indigo Ex displayed little effect on the gut microbial composition of HFD-fed mice. Taken together, these results suggested that indigo Ex may protect against HFD-induced epithelial damage. The leaves of indigo plants contain promising natural therapeutic compounds that could be used to treat obesity-associated intestinal damage and metabolic inflammation.

ObjectiveThe prognosis of patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is poor. Although patients who fail first-line salvage chemotherapy are candidates for second-line salvage chemotherapy, the optimal treatment strategy for these patients has not yet been established.MethodsThe present, single-center, retrospective study included transplant-eligible patients with R/R DLBCL who received second-line salvage chemotherapy with curative intent.ResultsSeventy-six patients with R/R DLBCL received second-line salvage chemotherapy. Eighteen (23.7%) patients were responders to the first-line salvage chemotherapy. The overall response rate was 39.5%, and overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients who responded to second-line salvage chemotherapy than those who did not. Forty-one patients who proceeded to potentially curative treatment (autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [ASCT], chimeric antigen receptor [CAR] T-cell therapy, or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) had a better prognosis than those who did not. Among the 46 patients who failed to respond to the second-line salvage regimen, only 18 (39.1%) could proceed to the curative treatments. However, among the 30 patients who responded to the second-line salvage regimen, 23 (76.7%) received one of the potentially curative treatments. Among 34 patients who received CAR T-cell therapy, OS was significantly longer in those who responded to salvage chemotherapy immediately prior to CAR T-cell therapy than in those who did not respond. In contrast, the number of prior lines of chemotherapy was not identified as a statistically significant prognostic factor of survival. No significant difference was detected in OS between patients receiving ASCT and those receiving CAR T-cell therapy after the response to second-line salvage chemotherapy.DiscussionIn this study, we demonstrated that chemosensitivity remained a crucial factor in predicting survival outcomes following CAR T-cell therapy irrespective of the administration timing, and that both ASCT and CAR T-cell therapy were acceptable after the response to second-line salvage chemotherapy.

Peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of aggressive lymphomas with a poor prognosis. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) and the Prognostic Index for PTCL‐unspecified (PIT) is used to predict the prognosis of PTCL. The hemoglobin‐platelet index (HPI), based on anemia and thrombocytopenia status, is associated with the prognosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. However, its significance in terms of predicting the prognosis of PTCL has not been fully investigated. We herein retrospectively analyzed 100 patients with newly diagnosed PTCL in our department. At a median follow‐up of 3.2 years, the median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56–1.2) years and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.5–4.7) years, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and hypoalbuminemia were independent adverse variables for PFS. The HPI showed significant predictive value for both PFS and OS. As a new prognostic model comprising the HPI, LDH, and albumin, the LA‐HPI allowed the stratification of patients into four distinct risk subgroups: low risk (zero risk factors), low‐intermediate risk (one risk factors), high‐intermediate risk (two or three risk factors), or high risk (four risk factors). The PFS and OS differed significantly among the patients by the LA‐HPI score. The LA‐HPI demonstrated better predictive performance compared to the IPI, PIT, and HPI. Our data demonstrated the prognostic utility of the HPI in patients with PTCL. The LA‐HPI, incorporating four readily obtainable parameters, exhibited superior performance compared to traditional indices.

The optimal dose intensity of chemotherapy for elderly patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains controversial because of concerns about adverse events and comorbidities related to the patients’ frailty. This single-center study retrospectively analyzed patients aged ≥ 70 years who were newly diagnosed with DLBCL and received chemotherapy between 2004 and 2022. Survival outcomes and treatment-related mortality (TRM) were stratified according to geriatric assessment variables, and the influence of chemotherapy dose intensity on outcomes was assessed using the frailty score with a Cox hazards model with restricted cubic spline (RCS) in patients aged 70–79 years. In total, 337 patients were included. The frailty score accurately predicted prognosis (5-year overall survival [OS]: 73.1%, 60.2%, and 29.7% in fit, unfit, and frail patients, respectively; P < 0.001) and TRM (5-year TRM: 0%, 5.4%, and 16.8 in fit, unfit, and frail patients, respectively; P < 0.001). Cox regression with RCS demonstrated a linear association between dose intensity and survival outcomes. Initial dose intensity (IDI) and relative dose intensity (RDI) had a significant impact on OS in fit patients. However, IDI and RDI had no significant effect on survival in non-fit (unfit and frail) patients. The frailty score identified non-fit patients with poorer survival and a higher risk of TRM. While fit patients were likely to benefit from full-dose R-CHOP, unfit and frail patients would likely benefit more from attenuated R-CHOP. This study suggested a potential role for the frailty score in individualizing treatment intensity in elderly patients with DLBCL.

The electronic structure of compensated antiferromagnets (CAF) creates large functional responses, reminiscent of ferromagnets and suitable for data storage and readout, despite (nearly) net-zero spontaneous magnetization. Many experimental signatures of CAF - such as giant thermoelectric Nernst effects - should be enhanced when two or more electronic bands are nearly degenerate in vicinity of the Fermi energy. Here, we report a zero-field, thermoelectric Nernst effect  >1 μV/K in the CAF CoNb S despite its tiny net magnetization  ~2 milli - μ . As drivers of the functional Nernst and Hall effects, we identify near-degeneracies of electron bands at the upper and lower boundaries of the first Brillouin zone, which are vestiges of nodal planes enforced by a screw axis symmetry in the paramagnetic state. Hot spots of emergent, or fictitious, magnetic fields are formed at the slightly gapped nodal planes. Taking into account more than six hundred Wannier orbitals, our theoretical model reproduces the observed spontaneous Nernst effect, emphasizes the role of proximate spin-space group symmetries and nodal planes for the electronic structure of CAF, and demonstrates the promise of ab-initio search for functional responses in a wide class of materials with reconstructed unit cells (supercells) due to spin or charge order.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related thrombocytopenia (irTCP) is a relatively rare immune-related adverse event (irAE); however, overall survival may worsen when it occurs. Prolonged use of high-dose steroids can diminish the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy on the primary disease because of T lymphocyte suppression, thus early tapering is necessary. We experienced a rare case of a 79-year-old male who concurrently developed irTCP and multiple myeloma (MM) during treatment with ICIs for lung adenocarcinoma. The patient exhibited severe thrombocytopenia and elevated serum IgA levels. Based on various tests, we diagnosed MM and irTCP. Despite administering the standard bortezomib plus dexamethasone (Bd therapy) treatment for MM, there was no response and the irTCP was steroid-resistant. Consequently, we administered a regimen including daratumumab (DPd therapy) for steroid-resistant irTCP and refractory MM, which resulted in a response. As a result, we were able to avoid prolonged use of high-dose steroids and the patient is stable without exacerbation of lung adenocarcinoma for 1 year and 5 months after the onset of MM. To our knowledge, there are no cases of MM developing during ICI treatment and this is the first case report in which daratumumab was effective for the treatment of irTCP.

Matching users with mutual preferences is a critical aspect of services driven by reciprocal recommendations, such as job search. To produce recommendations in such scenarios, one can predict match probabilities and construct rankings based on these predictions. However, this direct match prediction approach often underperforms due to the extreme sparsity of match labels. Therefore, most existing methods predict preferences separately for each direction (e.g., job seeker to employer and employer to job seeker) and then aggregate the predictions to generate overall matching scores and produce recommendations. However, this typical approach often leads to practical issues, such as biased error propagation between the two models. This paper introduces and demonstrates a novel and practical solution to improve reciprocal recommendations in production by leveraging pseudo-match scores. Specifically, our approach generates dense and more directly relevant pseudo-match scores by combining the true match labels, which are accurate but sparse, with relatively inaccurate but dense match predictions. We then train a meta-model to output the final match predictions by minimizing the prediction loss against the pseudo-match scores. Our method can be seen as a best-of-both (BoB) approach, as it combines the high-level ideas of both direct match prediction and the two separate models approach. It also allows for user-specific weights to construct personalized pseudo-match scores, achieving even better matching performance through appropriate tuning of the weights. Offline experiments on real-world job search data demonstrate the superior performance of our BoB method, particularly with personalized pseudo-match scores, compared to existing approaches in terms of finding potential matches.

Resveratrol is a polyphenolic antioxidant found in grapes, red wine, and peanuts and has been reported to have anti-neoplastic effects on various cancer types. However, the exact mechanism of its anti-cancer effects in oral cancer is not fully understood and remains controversial. Resveratrol exhibits strong hypolipidemic effects; therefore, we examined its effect on lipid metabolism in oral cancer. Resveratrol significantly reduced cell viability and induced autophagic cell death in oral cancer cells but not in normal cells. This selective effect was accompanied by significantly reduced lipogenesis, which is caused by downregulation of the transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) gene, followed by downregulation of the epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP). It was strongly suggested that resveratrol-induced autophagy resulted from the inhibition of SREBP1-mediated cell survival signaling. Luciferase reporter assay further indicated that resveratrol has a potent and specific inhibitory effect on SREBP1-dependent transactivation. Importantly, resveratrol markedly suppressed the growth of oral cancer cells in an animal xenograft model, without exhibiting apparent cytotoxicity. In conclusion, resveratrol induces autophagy in oral cancer cells by suppressing lipid metabolism through the regulation of SREBP1 expression, which highlights a novel mechanism of the anti-cancer effect of resveratrol.