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Particle physics today faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin of matter over anti-matter in the Universe, the origin of the neutrino masses, the apparent fine-tuning of the electro-weak scale, and many other aspects of fundamental physics. Perhaps the most striking frontier to emerge in the search for answers involves new physics at mass scales comparable to familiar matter, below the GeV-scale, or even radically below, down to sub-eV scales, and with very feeble interaction strength. New theoretical ideas to address dark matter and other fundamental questions predict such feebly interacting particles (FIPs) at these scales, and indeed, existing data provide numerous hints for such possibility. A vibrant experimental program to discover such physics is under way, guided by a systematic theoretical approach firmly grounded on the underlying principles of the Standard Model. This document represents the report of the FIPs 2022 workshop, held at CERN between the 17 and 21 October 2022 and aims to give an overview of these efforts, their motivations, and the decadal goals that animate the community involved in the search for FIPs.

Online pain management programmes have evidence as effective interventions for individuals with chronic pain. This study was a one-year exploratory follow-up of a parallel group feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effectiveness of participating in an online pain management programme that combined Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and exercise delivered online for individuals living with chronic pain (MOVE). Ninety-six individuals with chronic pain participated in an eight-week feasibility RCT comparing MBSR and exercise to an online self-management guide. Fourteen patient reported outcome measures (PROMS) were collected at baseline, post-intervention, three months post-intervention and at a one-year follow-up. Analysis of changes in PROMs between baseline and one-year follow-up in the current study were analysed using Student's t-tests, and in addition, data were analysed using linear mixed models, examining effect sizes. Forty-eight participants completed PROMs at a one-year follow-up. Small between group differences were observed in depression and the mental health component of the health-related quality of life score, in favour of the combined MBSR and exercise group. A further nine PROMS showed improvements in favour of the self-management group (SM). In the MOVE group, one-year follow-up scores demonstrated trends towards improvement compared to baseline scores for 10/14 PROMs. In the SM group positive changes were found in 13/14 PROMs. At one-year follow-up, results from the Patients Global Impression of Change Scale, demonstrated that 63.3% of participants in the combined mindfulness and exercise group, and 44.4% of participants in the self-management group reported improvement with a noticeable change. The results of this long-term exploratory study suggest no significant difference between groups for the investigated PROMs at one-year follow-up. A fully powered RCT examining the effectiveness of MBSR combined with exercise delivered in a live synchronous online format is warranted, to explore the factors to optimise long-term outcomes for people living with chronic pain.

Background and Aims(Ethics Approval)Thousands of surgeries are performed in Ireland every year, with patients being cared for by expert multidisciplinary teams, including consultant surgeons and anaesthetists. Prescriptions for analgesia upon discharge, however, are often left to the most junior of the surgical team, with little oversight. We undertook a multi-site service evaluation and quality improvement project which interrogated current analgesic prescribing patterns. We then instituted a number of educational tools to assist junior doctors in good-practice prescribing upon discharge.MethodsRetrospective chart review of surgical patients from two tertiary hospitals in Dublin, Ireland, from December 2020 to March 2021 & August 2021 to September 2022. Opioid tolerant and chronic pain patients were excluded. We created a flowchart algorithm (Figure 1) adapted from guidelines [1] and educated junior doctors on its use through lectures.Abstract B305 Figure 1Results200 patients were included. There was initially large interdiscipline variability in the average milligram morphine equivalents (MMEs) prescribed, as well as interpatient variability and dangerous co-prescription of opioids. Our guidance had excellent uptake from junior doctors and the average MME on discharge fell from 181mg to 90mg (site 1) & 148mg to 94mg (site 2). Overall appropriate opioid prescription rose in both sites from 64% to 75% (site 1) & 57% to 92% (site 2). Appropriate prescription of simple analgesia was increased by 23%.ConclusionsOur flowchart algorithm and educational sessions are effective, cost-neutral methods to reduce overprescription of opioids and increase good-practice prescribing on discharge, which is of huge benefit to the wider community.

IntroductionOnline pain management programmes (PMP) have growing evidence as effective interventions for individuals with chronic pain (CP). Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a psychological intervention proven to be effective in the management of CP. There is also a large body of evidence for the efficacy of exercise in the management of CP however, there are limited studies combining both these interventions and none to date delivering a combined intervention in the form of an online PMP. This study aims to explore the acceptability and feasibility of delivering a combined MBSR and exercise online PMP for adults with CP, and will examine the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial of a combined MBSR and exercise online programme compared with an online self-management guide.Methods and analysisA parallel-group, feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted among participants in Ireland, which will include an embedded qualitative study. Seventy-five participants will complete an online consent form and be individually randomised to one of two groups. Group A will participate in live online MBSR and supervised exercise sessions (2 hours MBSR, 1 hour exercise) once a week for 8 weeks. Group B will receive access to an 8-week online self-management guide, released biweekly and containing eight self-directed modules. Analyses of the feasibility study will be descriptive and will address the outcomes relating to the feasibility and acceptability of the interventions and procedures of the study including recruitment and eligibility, data collection methods, intervention adherence, engagement and attrition rates, intervention acceptability and participants’ subjective perceptions of the programmes. Comparisons of clinical treatment effects, using validated patient-reported outcome measures will be explored descriptively to consider the viability of investigating a combined online MBSR and exercise intervention in a future fully powered RCT.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Institutional Review Board (1/378/2124) and the University College Dublin Human Research Ethics Committee (LS-20-76-Deegan-Doody). Informed consent will be obtained from each participant prior to randomisation. The results of this feasibility study will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and presented at national and international conferences.Trial registrationNCT04899622.

Background Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a form of cognitive behavioural therapy, which may be beneficial for people with chronic pain. The approach aims to enhance daily functioning through increased psychological flexibility. Whilst the therapeutic model behind ACT appears well suited to chronic pain, there is a need for further research to test its effectiveness in clinical practice, particularly with regards to combining ACT with physical exercise. Methods/design This prospective, two-armed, parallel-group, single-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT) will assess the effectiveness of a combined Exercise and ACT programme, in comparison to supervised exercise for chronic pain. One hundred and sixty patients, aged 18 years and over, who have been diagnosed with a chronic pain condition by a physician will be recruited to the trial. Participants will be individually randomised to one of two 8-week, group interventions. The combined group will take part in weekly psychology sessions based on the ACT approach, in addition to supervised exercise classes led by a physiotherapist. The control group will attend weekly supervised exercise classes but will not take part in an ACT programme. The primary outcome will be pain interference at 12-week follow-up, measured using the Brief Pain Inventory-Interference Scale. Secondary outcomes will include self-reported pain severity, self-perception of change, patient satisfaction, quality of life, depression, anxiety and healthcare utilisation. Treatment process measures will include self-efficacy, pain catastrophising, fear avoidance, pain acceptance and committed action. Physical activity will be measured using Fitbit Zip TM activity trackers. Both groups will be followed up post intervention and again after 12 weeks. Estimates of treatment effects at follow-up will be based on an intention-to-treat framework, implemented using a linear mixed-effects model. Individual and focus group qualitative interviews will be undertaken with a purposeful sample of participants to explore patient experiences of both treatments. Discussion To our knowledge, this will be the first RCT to examine whether combining exercise with ACT produces greater benefit for patients with chronic pain, compared to a standalone supervised exercise programme. Trial registration www.ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03050528 . Registered on 13 February 2017.

Particle physics today faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin of matter over anti-matter in the Universe, the origin of the neutrino masses, the apparent fine-tuning of the electro-weak scale, and many other aspects of fundamental physics. Perhaps the most striking frontier to emerge in the search for answers involves new physics at mass scales comparable to familiar matter, below the GeV-scale, or even radically below, down to sub-eV scales, and with very feeble interaction strength. New theoretical ideas to address dark matter and other fundamental questions predict such feebly interacting particles (FIPs) at these scales, and indeed, existing data provide numerous hints for such possibility. A vibrant experimental program to discover such physics is under way, guided by a systematic theoretical approach firmly grounded on the underlying principles of the Standard Model. This document represents the report of the FIPs 2022 workshop, held at CERN between the 17 and 21 October 2022 and aims to give an overview of these efforts, their motivations, and the decadal goals that animate the community involved in the search for FIPs.

The observation of the recent electron neutrino appearance in a muon neutrino beam and the high-precision measurement of the mixing angle $\\theta _{13}$ have led to a re-evaluation of the physics potential of the T2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Sensitivities are explored for CP violation in neutrinos, non-maximal $\\sin ^22\\theta _{23}$, the octant of $\\theta _{23}$, and the mass hierarchy, in addition to the measurements of $\\delta _{{\\rm CP}}$, $\\sin ^2\\theta _{23}$, and $\\Delta m^2_{32}$, for various combinations of $\\nu$-mode and $\\bar {\\nu }$-mode data-taking.With an exposure of $7.8\\times 10^{21}$ protons-on-target, T2K can achieve 1$\\sigma$ resolution of 0.050 (0.054) on $\\sin ^2\\theta _{23}$ and $0.040\\ (0.045)\\times 10^{-3}\\,\\rm {eV}^2$ on $\\Delta m^2_{32}$ for 100% (50%) neutrino beam mode running assuming $\\sin ^2\\theta _{23}=0.5$ and $\\Delta m^2_{32} = 2.4\\times 10^{-3}\\,\\hbox {eV}^2$. T2K will have sensitivity to the CP-violating phase $\\delta _{\\rm {CP}}$ at 90% C.L. or better over a significant range. For example, if $\\sin ^22\\theta _{23}$ is maximal (i.e. $\\theta _{23}=45^\\circ$) the range is $-115^\\circ \\lt \\delta _{\\rm {CP}}\\lt -60^\\circ$ for normal hierarchy and $+50^\\circ \\lt \\delta _{\\rm {CP}}\\lt +130^\\circ$ for inverted hierarchy. When T2K data is combined with data from the NO$\\nu$A experiment, the region of oscillation parameter space where there is sensitivity to observe a non-zero $\\delta _{{\\rm CP}}$ is substantially increased compared to if each experiment is analyzed alone.

T2K is a long baseline neutrino experiment aiming primarily at the measurement of the mixing angle θ13 through the observation of vμ ⟩ ve oscillations between the JPARC accelerator complex and the Super Kamiokande detector. A near detector, called ND280 and located 280 m from the neutrino production target, will be used to measure the neutrino energy spectrum, flavour content and interaction rates of the un-oscillated beam and hence to predict the neutrino interactions at Super Kamiokande. ND280 is a magnetized off-axis tracking detector that includes as key detector elements three large Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) that will play a crucial role in the measurement of the momentum, charge and identity of charged particles. The T2K TPCs are now being constructed and will be commissioned at JPARC at the end of 2009. These detectors use gaseous micro-pattern devices which are based on the novel bulk-MicroMegas technology. Design and construction aspects of the T2K TPCs are presented together with the expected detector performances. Recent tests of bulk-MicroMegas prototypes are discussed as well as the performance obtained with the TPC front-end electronics based on the new AFTER ASIC.

We present the physics program of the Belle II experiment, located on the intensity frontier SuperKEKB e+e- collider. Belle II collected its first collisions in 2018, and is expected to operate for the next decade. It is anticipated to collect 50/ab of collision data over its lifetime. This book is the outcome of a joint effort of Belle II collaborators and theorists through the Belle II theory interface platform (B2TiP), an effort that commenced in 2014. The aim of B2TiP was to elucidate the potential impacts of the Belle II program, which includes a wide scope of physics topics: B physics, charm, tau, quarkonium, electroweak precision measurements and dark sector searches. It is composed of nine working groups (WGs), which are coordinated by teams of theorist and experimentalists conveners: Semileptonic and leptonic B decays, Radiative and Electroweak penguins, phi₁ and phi₂ (time-dependent CP violation) measurements, phi₃ measurements, Charmless hadronic B decay, Charm, Quarkonium(like), tau and low-multiplicity processes, new physics and global fit analyses. This book highlights \"golden- and silver-channels\", i.e. those that would have the highest potential impact in the field. Theorists scrutinised the role of those measurements and estimated the respective theoretical uncertainties, achievable now as well as prospects for the future. Experimentalists investigated the expected improvements with the large dataset expected from Belle II, taking into account improved performance from the upgraded detector.

The excess noise factor and the aging characteristics of 16 Hamamatsu R11283 photopentodes have been tested. These fine-mesh phototubes are to be paired with pure CsI scintillation crystals considered for use in the endcap calorimeter of the Belle II detector. The average excess noise factor was found to be \\(1.9 \\pm 0.1 \\pm 0.4\\). The electronic noise of a custom preamplifier produced by the University of Montreal was found as a consequence of this measurement and was \\(1730 \\pm 33\\) electrons, in agreement with previous values. On average, the gain\\(\\times\\)quantum efficiency was reduced to \\(93\\pm3\\) % of the initial value after passing 7 C through the anode. This corresponds to 70 years of standard Belle II operation.