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"Herman, Barbara"
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Scent & subversion : decoding a century of provocative perfume /
Examines vintage perfume's powerful past, including reviews of more than 300 scents, with period advertisements throughout.
Book
Duty and Deontology
A too rarely emphasized feature of modern deontological ethics is the structure of its directives. Faced with alternatives, the question for the moral agent is “which, if either, must I perform (or avoid)?” Getting it right, one is, morally speaking, done…until the next set of freighted options presents. We should wonder whether this makes sense: whether there is not a more complex structure to deontological requirements that resists the “one and done” idea. Rehabilitating the Kantian idea of duty as a value-based deliberative principle, I argue for a more plausible deontology whose requirements are often temporally extended and interpersonally complex.
Journal Article
Doing Too Much
It is common to find moral fault for doing less than one should, but not for doing more. A detailed investigation of some examples of \"doing too much\" reveals an important sphere of wrong-doing related to abuses of authority and discretion.
Journal Article
BEING HELPED AND BEING GRATEFUL: IMPERFECT DUTIES, THE ETHICS OF POSSESSION, AND THE UNITY OF MORALITY
Herman talks about the different moral obligations and duties. People's different moral obligations and duties tend to be studied in isolation from one another, unified, if they are at all, by their relations to some separate principle or value. This is especially so with the elements of public and private morality. Partly this comes from a privileging of the ordinary moral experience, partly from the idea that the separate duties and obligations are responsive to different regions of interest or kinds of need. The different moral elements might be internally connected to each other.
Journal Article
Comparing engagement by migrants in domestic and in country-of-origin political activities across European cities
This article aims to investigate levels of migrants and second generations’ engagement in country-of-origin political activities and in domestic political activities. Using data from a population survey of individuals of migrant origin in ten European cities undertaken in 2004–2010, we examine both individual and contextual characteristics shaping engagement in one and in the other scope of action. Findings show that migrants and second generations tend to engage in an equal number of domestic and country-of-origin political activities. Engagement in country-of-origin political activities only is fully compatible with a trajectory of political integration in the countries of settlement, opposing the view that migrants may contribute to build or live in a “separate” society. Finally, the results show that contextual opportunities affect chances to engage in one or in the other scope of action. In particular, easy access to residence permits favours engagement in domestic political activities and discourages engagement in country-of-origin political activities. This suggests that migrants and second generations’ engagement in country-of-origin political activities may be a reaction to the limited opportunities of integration offered by the residence countries.
Journal Article
Ecotoxicity and bioremediation potential assessment of soil from oil refinery station area
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicity and biodegradation potential of oil hydrocarbons contaminated soil samples obtained from different depths at an oil refinery station area. An approach involving chemical, microbiological, respirometry and ecotoxicity assessment of soil polluted by oil hydrocarbons was adopted, in order to determine the biodegradability of pollutants and ecotoxicological effects of natural attenuation strategy.
Methods
The ecotoxicity of soil samples was evaluated using an ostracod test kit and a seed germination test. The results of the phytotoxicity assay were expressed as a percentage of seedling emergence and as the relative yield of fresh and dry biomass compared to control plants. The intrinsic biodegradation potential of the contaminated soil was examined using a Micro-Oxymax respirometer. Intrinsic biodegradation rates were estimated from the slopes of linear regressions curves plotted for cumulative O
2
uptake. The obtained values were then entered in the mass balance equation for the stoichiometric reaction of hydrocarbon decomposition and converted per kg of soil per day.
Results
Although the tested contaminants were biodegradable in the respirometric assay, they were slightly to moderately toxic to plants and extremely toxic to ostracods. The noxious effects raised with the increased concentration of contaminants. The monocotyledonous oat was more tolerant to higher concentrations of oil hydrocarbons than the other test plants, indicating its greater suitability for soil reclamation purposes.
Conclusion
By assessing phytotoxicity and effect on ostracod mortality and progress of soil self-decontamination process, proper approach of reclamation of demoted area can be provided.
Journal Article
KANTIAN COMMITMENTS
The debate between Kantian moral theory and the various consequentialisms is typically pitched as between a principle and a value-based account of moral wrongness (or impermissibility). Recent contractualist theories attempt to bridge the divide. This paper argues that the issue is a much deeper one – about what counts as a starting point or source of reasons – which shows the contractualisms to be a form of consequentialism after all, and Kantian theory to have much more expansive normative commitments than has generally been supposed.
Journal Article
Correction to: Comparing engagement by migrants in domestic and in country-of-origin political activities across European cities
The article Comparing engagement by migrants in domestic and in country-of-origin political activities across European cities, written by Katia Pilati and Barbara Herman, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 16 July 2018 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 21 November 2019 to © The Author(s) 2018 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The original article has been corrected.
Journal Article
Morality Unbounded
Herman examines some of the reasons offered for limiting morality's ambition that arise on the public and political side of things and lays out some of the issues raised by morally problematic social practices and the limits of standard moral responses to them. She also describes an approach from the side of morality that shifts the focus away from norms of constraint to an idea of moral regulation as being or becoming integral to what is regulated. In addition, she offers reasons for doubting that the separate spheres are in any deep way normatively special in their relation to morality.
Journal Article