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The EU and other states have made legislative efforts to clarify data mining in copyrightable works, but the situation remains obscure and confusing, especially in a globalised field where international legislation can contribute to opacity. The present paper aims at asserting a common position of three communities representing biodiversity sciences and data specialists on this issue and to propose common and best practice guidelines so that they become universally accepted rules. As scientific data users, we take the standpoint that scientific data are not copyrightable and, furthermore, they can be accessed, shared and reused freely. Thus, once legal access has been gained to copyrighted publications, the data within those scholarly publications can be considered to be open data that is freely extractable. This set of recommendations has been reached specifically for scientific use and societal benefits.

This joint statement aims at encouraging all authors, publishers and editors involved in scientific publishing to give the bibliographic source of the authorities of taxonomic names. This initiative, written by members of the three communities, has been approved by the executive boards of the SPNHC (Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections), CETAF (Consortium of European Taxonomic Facilities) and BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library).

Öffentliche Bibliotheken bieten als konsumfreier Ort für alle Bevölkerungsschichten niedrigschwelligen Zugang zu Information, Bildung und Unterhaltung. Ihre Angebote spielen heute eine wichtige Rolle bei der Förderung und Unterstützung in der Medienkompetenz. Dieser Artikel untersucht insbesondere, inwieweit Bibliotheken eine gesellschaftliche Teilhabe für immobile Personen und Bevölkerung in weniger entwickelten Gebieten ermöglichen. Grundlage dafür sind die Ergebnisse der Studie „Nutzungsmonitoring in Öffentlichen Bibliotheken“, einem Projekt der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken in Berlin (NuMoB-Studie). Public libraries offer easy, free access to information, education and entertainment to individuals from all sections of society. Today, their offers play an important role in promoting and supporting media competence. This article examines how well libraries enable immobile persons and inhabitants of less developed areas to take part in society, based on the results of the study “Use monitoring for public libraries”, a project of the Berlin public libraries (NuMoB study).

Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit den für berufliche Aus- und Weiterbildung spezifischen Zielgruppen. Näher betrachtet werden die Zufriedenheit mit den Bibliotheksangeboten sowie mögliche Dienstleistungen zur Steigerung der Attraktivität und damit der Rolle der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken Berlins als Bildungsagenten nach dem Besuch der allgemeinbildenden Schule. This article deals with the specific target groups for vocational training. The focus is on the satisfaction with the libraries’ offers and on possible services to increase their attractiveness and thereby strengthen the role of Berlin’s public libraries as educational agents for those who left school.

Scientific publications provide a wealth of peer-reviewed, high-quality data that have been maintained over time, resulting in data persistence. As data repositories with rich provenance information, publications are indispensable sources for the integration and extension of networks of interlinked Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR*1) bio/geodiversity data. In this way, they form pivotal fact- and knowledge-based contributions to applications that address the biodiversity crisis. The mobilization of data preserved in scientific publications is hindered, however, by distinct copyright legislation contexts for publications versus the data that they contain. Moreover, legislations concerning copyright continue to lack harmonization across jurisdictions, their interpretation is difficult, and the applicable legal national scope can be uncertain. We clarify and highlight that data within scientific publications are not copyrightable and thus can be openly and freely reused once legal access has been gained to their enclosing publication*2. To ensure that publications are as accessible as possible, a joint statement supported by the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), the Consortium of European Taxonomic Facilities (CETAF) and the Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections (SPNHC) (Benichou et al. 2023) recommends that authors and publishers make their works as accessible as possible by using a CC-BY license or preferably waive copyright (CC0) to their publications. Explicitly associating a public domain mark (PDM, e.g., the PDM from Creative Commons) to their published data, provides users with certainty about reusability. Yet, by setting works and bio/geodiversity data into the public domain, they do not become a free-for-all. We stress that data need to be associated with clear provenance information in alignment with scientific best practices and the scientific community's social norms. This includes providing detailed attribution to authors of cited works and reused data. Proposed data governance labels, for example, modeled after the Local Contexts labels developed by the international Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLC) community, would enable authors to communicate social and ethical contexts and applicable rules to data users for ensuring the sustainability of a shared environmental and data commons. Categories of Local Contexts labels that are of interest and applicable in the sciences are, for example, those that communicate (1) correct citation information and ask for attribution when knowledge and/or data are reused (Traditional Knowledge label (TK) Attribution), (2) an interest in being recognized and acknowledged due to a significant relationship with and responsibility for samples and data (Biocultural label (BC) Provenance), (3) the verification of the data and their context following a community protocol (TK Verified), (4) that non-commercial use (TK Non-Commercial/BC Non-Commercial) or (5) outreach activities (TK Outreach/BC Outreach) are generally permitted, while for other uses direct contact and engagement is required, or (6) an openness to collaboration and partnerships (TK Collaboration/BC Collaboration). There are concerns about the tension between the goal of achieving open data (e.g., Anonymous 2014) to enable and promote open science (e.g., UNESCO 2021) and, at the same time, imposing restrictions on these data in the form of governance labels. Furthermore, while the reference of the publication through which data are published, as well as more specifically bibliographic references cited for specific data within the publication, provide sufficient information for attribution and provenance, much more fine-grained and nuanced contextual information (e.g., in the form of metadata) is needed for assuring responsible reuse. Such context-providing metadata unlock the full potential of the data and enable their reusability. This can be done using machine-actionable markup tags in combination with human-readable labels that inform machines and human users about the semantics of the data as well as their ethical and social dimensions that govern responsible and sustainable reuse. Future work is needed to discover, differentiate and define the quality and scope of the appropriate contexts that are necessary and sufficient for being able to fully and responsibly reuse the data in different situations.

Öffentliche Bibliotheken bieten als konsumfreier Ort für alle Bevölkerungsschichten niedrigschwelligen Zugang zu Information, Bildung und Unterhaltung. Ihre Angebote spielen heute eine wichtige Rolle bei der Förderung und Unterstützung in der Medienkompetenz. Dieser Artikel untersucht insbesondere, inwieweit Bibliotheken eine gesellschaftliche Teilhabe für immobile Personen und Bevölkerung in weniger entwickelten Gebieten ermöglichen. Grundlage dafür sind die Ergebnisse der Studie „Nutzungsmonitoring in Öffentlichen Bibliotheken“, einem Projekt der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken in Berlin (NuMoB-Studie).

Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit den für berufliche Aus- und Weiterbildung spezifischen Zielgruppen. Näher betrachtet werden die Zufriedenheit mit den Bibliotheksangeboten sowie mögliche Dienstleistungen zur Steigerung der Attraktivität und damit der Rolle der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken Berlins als Bildungsagenten nach dem Besuch der allgemeinbildenden Schule.

Background Due to the increasing number of long-term (≥5 years post diagnosis) colorectal cancer survivors, long-term quality of life of these patients is highly relevant. Several studies have reported a positive association between physical activity and quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors, however, so far no systematic review has been published which focuses on long-term colorectal cancer survivors. Material and methods A systematic review was conducted using the databases PubMed, Web of Science, PsychINFO, and CINAHL. Studies which investigated associations between physical activity and quality of life in long-term colorectal cancer survivors were included. Results and conclusion Ten articles based on seven studies were identified. Long-term colorectal cancer survivors who were physically active reported better quality of life than long-term survivors who were not physically active. Both, moderate to vigorous physical activity and lower levels like light physical activity were associated with higher quality of life. Most studies assessed the association between physical activity and quality of life cross-sectionally but one prospective study which measured physical activity and quality of life at three different points in time also found associations between physical activity and quality of life. The association between physical activity and quality of life seemed to be stronger among women than among men. The findings of this systematic review support an association between physical activity and quality of life in long-term colorectal cancer survivors. However, the evidence is limited as most studies were based on cross-sectional and observational design.

Background Although mental disorders are highly prevalent among older adults, evidence suggests that they underutilize psychotherapy. However, formal estimates of their actual representation in routine clinical settings are scarce. This study applied a representation quotient approach to identify and quantify age-related disparities in outpatient psychotherapy utilization in Germany. Methods We analyzed data from 13,635 adult patients who initiated cognitive-behavioral therapy between 2018 and 2023 at 29 university outpatient clinics. Using a representation quotient approach, we compared the observed proportions of young-old adults (65–74 years) and old-old adults (≥75 years) with prevalence-stratified population age distributions. The robustness of the results was investigated by extensive sensitivity analyses, including alternative prevalence assumptions and adjustments for long-term care needs. Results Even under conservative assumptions, young-old adults only accounted for about 25% and old-old adults for about 13% of their expected proportion. In contrast, young working-age adults (18–34 years) were particularly overrepresented in the sample. Underrepresentation of older adults was most pronounced among patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, and dysthymia, less pronounced among patients with generalized anxiety disorder, and not significant among patients with pain disorders. Conclusion This study demonstrates the utility of representation quotients for systematically identifying and quantifying age-related disparities in psychotherapy utilization based on routine care data. Our analyses of large-scale data from university outpatient clinics in Germany revealed a marked underrepresentation of older adults in this setting. These findings highlight the need to improve access to, and utilization of, psychotherapeutic services for older adults.