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19 result(s) for "Herrin, Marcia"
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Nutrition Counseling in the Treatment of Eating Disorders
Marcia Herrin and Maria Larkin have collaborated on the second edition of Nutrition Counseling in the Treatment of Eating Disorders, infusing research-based approaches and their own clinically-refined tools for managing food and weight-related issues. New to this edition is a section on nutrition counseling interventions derived from cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced, dialectical behavioral therapy, family-based treatment, and motivational interviewing techniques. Readers will appreciate the state of the art nutrition and weight assessment guidelines, the practical clinical techniques for managing bingeing, purging, excessive exercise, and weight restoration as well as the unique food planning approach developed by the authors. As a comprehensive overview of food and weight-related treatments, this book is an indispensible resource for nutrition counselors, psychotherapists, psychiatrists, physicians, and primary care providers.
Alternative Viewpoint on National Institutes of Health Clinical Guidelines
The use of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Guidelines to guide assessment and treatment of overweight and obese patients is the source of considerable debate. The guidelines rely, in part, on research with methodological problems. The standard treatments for obesity outlined in the Guidelines have not proven to be successful long term. Evidence suggests obesity may be a result of biochemical defects, not eating and exercise patterns. Dieting, one of the recommended treatments, is a known risk factor for development of an eating disorder. Further, there is no conclusive evidence that weight loss improves health outcomes. Nutrition education professionals need to develop approaches that improve health independently of weight loss for Americans seeking to lose weight.
Self-Monitoring
Self-monitoring by recording eating behaviors and associated thoughts and feelings in daily journals is basic to cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT). In nutrition counseling, self-monitoring proves beneficial for both nutrition counselor and patient. For nutrition counselors, food journals provide detailed descriptions of eating patterns and the circumstances of eating problems, and is a concrete way to assess progress. For patients, self-monitoring increases awareness of eating problems and precipitating events. Pike, Garner, & Vitousek (1997) find journaling is a way for patients to communicate about their experiences between sessions and to help identify and differentiate between eating situations that are difficult or manageable. Some patients may have exaggerated the extent of their eating-disordered behaviors, and self-monitoring provides a more realistic picture that is reassuring.
Managing Exercise
In this chapter we provide strategies and protocols for managing exercise, definitions of \"healthy activity\" (of benefit for all patients), and its antithesis, \"compulsive/excessive exercise.\" Permitting exercise during weight restoration may reinforce weight gain, but it can also increase health risks and portray exercise or sports participation as more important than recovery. In eating disorders (EDs), exercise is used to regulate mood, weight, and shape, but only rarely are patients aware that excessive exercise can jeopardize health. In this regard, we discuss the clinical features of the \"female athlete triad\" and review the health consequences associated with excessive exercise.
Counseling Interventions
The inspiration for our counseling interventions comes from an eclectic mix of five different models, namely: cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), family-based therapy (FBT), motivational interviewing (MI), and, most recently, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). We chose these models for several reasons. In the beginning of our practices, CBT was the most revered and evidenced-based model for the treatment of eating disorders (EDs), namely, bulimia nervosa (BN). The well-thumbed chapters on CBT treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN) and BN in the Handbook of Treatment for Eating Disorders (2nd ed.; Garner, Vitousek, & Pike, 1997; Wilson, Fairburn, & Agras, 1997) and Fairburn, Marcus, and Wilson's (1993) comprehensive CBT treatment manual for BN and binge-eating disorder (BED) helped launch our evidence-based approach to nutrition counseling in the treatment of EDs. Although CBT has since fallen somewhat out of the limelight, we believe it to be \"the mother\" of the newer models and the foundation of our work. This is especially evident with the new enhanced version of CBT (CBT-Enhanced), which incorporates many of the nutrition counseling techniques we have used over the years, namely: educating about weight and ED symptoms; weekly weighing; realtime monitoring of eating behaviors; reducing evaluation of shape and weight on self-value; establishing a regular eating pattern; and maintaining and preventing relapse (Fairburn et al., 2009; Karbasi, 2010; Wagner & MacCaughelty, 2011; Wonderlich, 2009).
Managing Purging
Purging, especially self-induced vomiting, is a difficult behavior to extinguish. Patients usually agree when we say that purging is the eating-disorder (ED) behavior that is most addicting. We respectfully acknowledge that purging may seem like a logical solution to a number of problems. Besides an ersatz weight-management tool, purging provides short-term relief of anxiety, resulting in relaxation, exhilaration, and even a sense of \"purity.\" To be effective with patients who purge, we find that we must be sympathetic, tolerant, and understanding of each patient's difficulties, particularly his or her embarrassment about purging. We keep in mind that correcting purging behaviors takes much effort on the patient's part and constant encouragement and help with problem-solving on our part. In this chapter, we define and describe purging behaviors (see Chapter 1: Clinical Features of Eating Disorders, pp. 3-31) and then devote the rest of the chapter to describing approaches we use to help patients become free of the compulsion to purge.
Course of Treatment
In Chapter 1: Clinical Features of Eating Disorders, we provide the reader with a diagnostic and medical perspective of the patient with an eating disorder (ED). In this chapter, we offer a broader perspective of the patient from our seat in the nutrition counselor's chair. We outline the structure of an initial nutrition counseling session from the beginning, through the middle, and the end. This chapter includes advice on appointment frequency, scheduling follow-up sessions, and making referrals. Finally, we discuss when and how to end nutrition counseling sessions.
Levels of Care
This book is devoted to describing appropriate nutrition outpatient care for those with eating disorders (EDs). In this chapter, however, we focus on the continuum of care beyond outpatient care. Higher levels of care are important treatment options and should be recommended when outpatient treatment has not led to observable progress. We describe how we prepare patients who leave our care for higher levels of care and how we treat patients who are returning to outpatient care after a stay in an inpatient facility or from an intensive outpatient program. We add a few words about relapse and recovery because these are related concepts. Finally, we provide guidelines for helping patients secure third-party reimbursement so more patients can afford the full level of care they need.