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"Hess, Scott"
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William Wordsworth and the Ecology of Authorship
InWilliam Wordsworth and the Ecology of Authorship,Scott Hess explores Wordsworth's defining role in establishing what he designates as \"the ecology of authorship\": a primarily middle-class, nineteenth-century conception of nature associated with aesthetics, high culture, individualism, and nation. Instead of viewing Wordsworth as an early ecologist, Hess places him within a context that is largely cultural and aesthetic. The supposedly universal Wordsworthian vision of nature, Hess argues, was in this sense specifically male, middle-class, professional, and culturally elite-factors that continue to shape the environmental movement today.
eBook
Aotearoa New Zealand, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, and a Relational Method for the Environmental Humanities
This essay contrasts the objective approach to environment by European explorers and settlers in Aotearoa New Zealand with the relational orientation of indigenous Māori people. European material \"improvement,\" scientific study, and aesthetic appreciation cohered around a shared ideology of objectivity as part of the larger Romantic-era expansion of imperial capitalism. This subject–object separation contrasts with the relational paradigm of Traditional Ecological Knowledge, in which acts of knowing (re)situate humans within their environments in order to maintain and restore relations. The essay argues for a relational approach to the environmental humanities analogous to the relationality of Traditional Ecological Knowledge.
Journal Article
Walden Pond as Thoreau’s Landscape of Genius
This essay explores how Henry David Thoreau’s identification with Walden Pond was influenced by the nineteenth-century discourse of the literary landscape and by William Wordsworth’s association with the English Lake District in particular. Wordsworth was a central figure for the transatlantic development of the “landscape of genius”—a new form of literary landscape in which the genius of the author, associated with a specific natural landscape, mediated the spiritual power of nature for individual readers and tourists. Wordsworth’s identification of his authorial identity with the Lake District landscape had a formative influence on both Thoreau’s self-conception and his subsequent reception and canonization, as Thoreau and Walden Pond as his landscape of genius entered the canon together. The essay concludes by exploring the ongoing significance of Thoreau’s association with Walden for both his scholarly and popular reputations, including proliferating discourses of “Thoreau Country”; cultural and political disputes over the Concord and Walden landscapes; and invocations of Thoreau as an ecological hero and inspiration for responses to climate change.
Journal Article
Wordsworth and the Green Romantics: Affect and Ecology in the Nineteenth Century/Green Victorians: The Simple Life in John Ruskin's Lake District
Deliberately distinguishing itself from the mass-manufactured books of its time, Songs of the Spindle includes a list of the local craftspeople, processes, and materials that contributed to its production, thus presenting itself as \"a product of local landscape and labor, of skilled hands, mutual respect, and careful husbandry of resources.\" In the age of anthropogenic climate change, environmentalist thought has to deal ?rst and foremost with the problem of consumer demand and carbon emissions. Ruskin believed the way to a more fulPlling life required a critique of classical political economy; the laws of supply and demand had to be seen within a far more expansive framework that included foresight regarding the use of natural resources. What this diversity of approaches loses in coherence, it gains in diversity and suggestiveness. [...]while the book does not present any single, clearly defined version of what the \"affective turn\" will mean for Romantic and ecocritical scholarship, it does convincingly demonstrate the power and importance of affect for such studies.
Journal Article
