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"Hetherington, Nigel"
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Force that became a victim of its own success
As Durham Police Authority voted to defy the Government by increasing its share of council tax by a third, neighbouring Cleveland congratulated itself on a financial job well done. Graeme Hetherington and Nigel Burton reportBY any measure, Durham constabulary is a force to be reckoned with, consistently praised for its excellent performance and prudent financial management.The most recent national performance figures show Durham to be one of the country's ten best forces.The chief constable and his staff have managed a difficult plate spinning act, hitting crime reduction targets without large budgetary increases.But that task has become progressively more difficult and now the force finds itself a victim of its own success.Durham argues that, when other police authorities pushed through large council tax increases, it held back.
Newspaper Article
Force that is a victim of its own success
On the day Durham Police Authority voted to defy the Government by increasing its share of council tax by a third, neighbouring Cleveland was congratulating itself on a financial job well done. Graeme Hetherington and Nigel Burton reportBY any measure, Durham constabulary is a force to be reckoned with, consistently praised for its excellent performance and prudent financial management.The most recent national performance figures show Durham to be one of the country's ten best forces.The chief constable and his staff have managed a difficult plate spinning act, consistently hitting crime reduction targets without large budgetary increases.But that task has become progressively more and more difficult and now the force finds itself a victim of its own success.Durham argues that, when other police authorities pushed through large council tax increases, it held back.In 2003 and 2004, Durham's neighbour Cleveland levied 27 per cent and 34 per cent respectively.
Newspaper Article
Contribution of NOTCH1 genetic variants to bicuspid aortic valve and other congenital lesions
IntroductionBicuspid aortic valve (BAV) affects 1% of the general population. NOTCH1 was the first gene associated with BAV. The proportion of familial and sporadic BAV disease attributed to NOTCH1 mutations has not been estimated.AimThe aim of our study was to provide an estimate of familial and sporadic BAV disease attributable to NOTCH1 mutations.MethodsThe population of our study consisted of participants of the University of Leicester Bicuspid aoRtic vAlVe gEnetic research—8 pedigrees with multiple affected family members and 381 sporadic patients. All subjects underwent NOTCH1 sequencing. A systematic literature search was performed in the NCBI PubMed database to identify publications reporting NOTCH1 sequencing in context of congenital heart disease.Results NOTCH1 sequencing in 36 subjects from 8 pedigrees identified one variant c.873C>G/p.Tyr291* meeting the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria for pathogenicity. No pathogenic or likely pathogenic NOTCH1 variants were identified in 381 sporadic patients. Literature review identified 64 relevant publication reporting NOTCH1 sequencing in 528 pedigrees and 9449 sporadic subjects. After excluding families with syndromic disease pathogenic and likely pathogenic NOTCH1 variants were detected in 9/435 (2.1%; 95% CI: 0.7% to 3.4%) of pedigrees and between 0.05% (95% CI: 0.005% to 0.10%) and 0.08% (95% CI: 0.02% to 0.13%) of sporadic patients. Incomplete penetrance of definitely pathogenic NOTCH1 mutations was observed in almost half of reported pedigrees.ConclusionsPathogenic and likely pathogenic NOTCH1 genetic variants explain 2% of familial and <0.1% of sporadic BAV disease and are more likely to associate with tetralogy of Fallot and hypoplastic left heart.
Journal Article
POLARIS is a copper-binding peptide required for ethylene signalling control in Arabidopsis
Ethylene signalling represents one of the classic hormonal pathways in plants, with diverse roles in development and stress responses. The dimeric ethylene receptor localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and contains Cu(I) ions essential for ethylene binding and signal transduction. We previously discovered that mutants in the Arabidopsis gene POLARIS (PLS), encoding a 36 amino acid peptide, exhibit enhanced ethylene signalling responses, suggestive of reduced receptor activity, but the role and activity of the peptide in this signalling cascade has not been defined. Here we report PLS binds copper as a 1:2 thiol-dependent Cu(I):PLS2 complex, with an affinity of 3.79 (+/-1.5) x1019 M-2, via two cysteine residues also found in the related species Camelina sativa. These residues are also essential for biological function. This affinity precludes PLS as a cytosolic Cu chaperone. We demonstrate that PLS localizes to endomembranes and interacts with the transmembrane domain of receptor protein ETR1. PLS-ETR1 binding is increased in the presence of copper, and this interaction provides a Cu-dependent mechanism for mediating a repression of ethylene responses. PLS transcription is up-regulated by auxin and down-regulated by ethylene, and so PLS-ETR1 interactions also provide a mechanism to modulate ethylene responses in high auxin tissues.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.Footnotes* Discussion modified, revised Figures 5 and 6.* https://eur01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fgeo%2Fquery%2Facc.cgi%3Facc%3DGSE256166&data=05%7C02%7Ckeith.lindsey%40durham.ac.uk%7C9637f7022a2240cfb10608dc324244cd%7C7250d88b4b684529be44d59a2d8a6f94%7C0%7C0%7C638440507397042151%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=U4JHCoviYbdEbF76Tws8Ridq7W%2B5Hq2qBVN%2BFjIysgw%3D&reserved=0
Paper
Tow n centre hotel blaze
There was loads of people coming out of the hotel, but it didn?t look like anyone was seriously injured. The fire brigade were already here when we came out, but more and more engines kept coming. ? Kelly Reynolds, of Darlington, said: ?We couldn?t believe what we were seeing. The flames could be seen from miles away ? it looked like the whole town centre was on fire. At one point it looked like they had put it out, but the flames just started shooting out of the roof again. ? Rebecca Jones, of Darlington, said: ?I couldn?t believe what I was seeing, there were people everywhere just stood around watching what was going on. A lot of the people who had come out of the hotel looked quite frightened, many of them seemed to be from China or Japan, they didn?t really know what was going on. Benjamin Choi, 26, who had just arrived in Darlington with his family and was staying on the fourth floor of the hotel, said: ?I was still awake when the alarm went off and my sister and I calledmymum just to make sure she had heard the alarm.
Newspaper Article
