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"Hidaka, Tomoko"
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Author Correction: Diversity in gut bacterial community of school-age children in Asia
A correction has been published and is appended to both the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.A correction has been published and is appended to both the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Journal Article
Salaryman Masculinity
This book of the Japanese hegemonic salaryman masculinity demonstrates the way in which the participants construct their masculinities through their life course. Their narratives reveal their contradictions, doubts, dilemmas, anxieties and resignation behind the façade of their confidence and pride.
eBook
Diversity in gut bacterial community of school-age children in Asia
Asia differs substantially among and within its regions populated by diverse ethnic groups, which maintain their own respective cultures and dietary habits. To address the diversity in their gut microbiota, we characterized the bacterial community in fecal samples obtained from 303 school-age children living in urban or rural regions in five countries spanning temperate and tropical areas of Asia. The microbiota profiled for the 303 subjects were classified into two enterotype-like clusters, each driven by
Prevotella
(P-type) or
Bifidobacterium
/
Bacteroides
(BB-type), respectively. Majority in China, Japan and Taiwan harbored BB-type, whereas those from Indonesia and Khon Kaen in Thailand mainly harbored P-type. The P-type microbiota was characterized by a more conserved bacterial community sharing a greater number of type-specific phylotypes. Predictive metagenomics suggests higher and lower activity of carbohydrate digestion and bile acid biosynthesis, respectively, in P-type subjects, reflecting their high intake of diets rich in resistant starch. Random-forest analysis classified their fecal species community as mirroring location of resident country, suggesting eco-geographical factors shaping gut microbiota. In particular, children living in Japan harbored a less diversified microbiota with high abundance of
Bifidobacterium
and less number of potentially pathogenic bacteria, which may reflect their living environment and unique diet.
Journal Article
Home and Family in Japan
In the Japanese language the word 'ie' denotes both the materiality of homes and family relations within. The traditional family and family house - often portrayed in ideal terms as key foundations of Japanese culture and society - have been subject to significant changes in recent years. This book comprehensively addresses various aspects of family life and dwelling spaces, exploring how homes, household patterns and kin relations are reacting to contemporary social, economic and urban transformations, and the degree to which traditional patterns of both houses and households are changing.
The book contextualises the shift from the hegemonic post-war image of standard family life, to the nuclear family and to a situation now where Japanese homes are more likely to include unmarried singles; childless couples; divorcees; unmarried adult children and elderly relatives either living alone or in nursing homes. It discusses how these new patterns are both reinforcing and challenging typical understandings of Japanese family life.
eBook
Atomic force microscopy analysis of orientation and bending of oligodeoxynucleotides in polypod-like structured DNA
We previously demonstrated that polypod-like structured DNA, or polypodna, constructed with three or more oligodeoxynucleotides （ODNs）, is efficiently taken up by immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages, depending on its structural complexity. The ODNs comprising the polypodna should bend to form the polypod-like structure, and may do so by adopting either a bend- type conformation or a cross-type conformation. Here, we tried to elucidate the orientation and bending of ODNs in polypodnas using atomic force microscopy （AFM）. We designed two types of pentapodnas （i.e., a polypodna with five pods） using 60- to 88-base ODNs, which were then immobilized on DNA origami frames. AFM imaging showed that the ODNs in the pentapodna adopted bend-type conformations. Tetrapodna and hexapodna also adopted bend-type conformations when they were immobilized on frames under unconstrained conditions. These findings provide useful information toward the coherent design of, and the structure-activity relationships for, a variety of DNA nanostructures.
Journal Article
Masculinity and the family system
The concept of 'hegemonic masculinity' does not refer to the most statistically common type of man but rather to the most desired form in relation to social, cultural and institutional ideals (Connell, 1995: 77). In post-war Japan, the sararīman,
1
or salary man, came to represent the hegemonic form of masculinity (Dasgupta, 2000, 2003; Roberson and Suzuki, 2003). Despite the clear conception and common recognition of corporate masculinity as hegemonic, empirical research on Japanese salarymen and their masculinity is still relatively undeveloped. Empirical research has often focused on marginal masculinities, while consideration of salarymen themselves has often focused on working lives. Since economic restructuring in the 1990s, the salaryman ideal has had to withstand the waning of corporate wealth and power, the hollowing out of enterprise society and casualization of employment. Nonetheless, corporate workers' masculinities remain central to notions of manliness and masculinity and continue to play a hegemonic role in male identities.
Book Chapter