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"Higgins, M."
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Providers’ experiences with abortion care: A scoping review
Induced abortion is one of the most common gynecological procedures in the world, with as many as three in every ten pregnancies ending in abortion. It, however, remains controversial. The objective of this scoping review was to explore and map existing literature on the experiences of those who provide abortion care.
This exploratory review followed the Levac et al. guidelines and was reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR checklist. CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, PsycInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science were used to identify peer-reviewed, original research articles published on providers' experience of abortion. We identified 106 relevant studies, which include a total sample of 4,250 providers from 28 countries and six continents. Most of the studies were qualitative (n = 83), though quantitative (n = 15) and mixed methods (n = 8) studies were also included. We identified two overarching themes: (1) Providers' experiences with abortion stigma and (2) Providers' reflections on their abortion work. Our findings suggest that providers from around the world experience challenges within society and their communities and workplaces which reinforce the stigmatization and marginalization of abortion and pose questions about the morality of this work. Most, however, are proud of their work, believe abortion care to be socially important and necessary, and remain committed to the provision of care.
The findings of this review provide a comprehensive overview on the known experiences of providing abortion care. It is a key point of reference for international providers, researchers, and advocates to further this area of research or discussion in their own territories. The findings of this review will inform future work on how to support providers against stigmatization and will offer providers the chance to reflect on their own experiences.
Journal Article
Blow out
It is the start of a new soccer season, and Lacy Sheridan is anxious. She spent the winter recovering from a knee injury that still gives her nightmares. But Lacy is trying not to let fear get the best of her. She needs to bring her A-game if she wants to impress soccer recruiters.
Book
Multiple timescale constraints for high-flux magma chamber assembly prior to the Late Bronze Age eruption of Santorini (Greece)
The rhyodacitic magma discharged during the 30–80 km3 DRE (dense rock equivalent) Late Bronze Age (LBA; also called ‘Minoan’) eruption of Santorini caldera is known from previous studies to have had a complex history of polybaric ascent and storage prior to eruption. We refine the timescales of these processes by modelling Mg–Fe diffusion profiles in orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene crystals. The data are integrated with previously published information on the LBA eruption (phase equilibria studies, melt inclusion volatile barometry, Mg-in-plagioclase diffusion chronometry), as well as new plagioclase crystal size distributions and the established pre-LBA history of the volcano, to reconstruct the events that led up to the assembly and discharge of the LBA magma chamber. Orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase crystals in the rhyodacite have compositionally distinct rims, overgrowing relict, probably source-derived, more magnesian (or calcic) cores, and record one or more crystallization (plag ≫ opx > cpx) events during the few centuries to years prior to eruption. The crystallization event(s) can be explained by the rapid transfer of rhyodacitic melt from a dioritic/gabbroic region of the subcaldera pluton (mostly in the 8–12 km depth range), followed by injection, cooling and mixing in a large melt lens at 4–6 km depth (the pre-eruptive magma chamber). Since crystals from all eruptive phases yield similar timescales, the melt transfer event(s), the last of which took place less than 2 years before the eruption, must have involved most of the magma that subsequently erupted. The data are consistent with a model in which prolonged generation, storage and segregation of silicic melts were followed by gravitational instability in the subcaldera pluton, causing the rapid interconnection and amalgamation of melt-rich domains. The melts then drained to the top of the pluton, at fluxes of up to 0.1–1 km3 year− 1, where steep vertical gradients of density and rheology probably caused them to inject laterally, forming a short-lived holding chamber prior to eruption. This interpretation is consistent with growing evidence that some large silicic magma chambers are transient features on geological timescales. A similar process preceded at least one earlier caldera-forming eruption on Santorini, suggesting that it may be a general feature of this rift-hosted magmatic system.
Journal Article
Brands, geographic origin, and the global economy : a history from the nineteenth century to the present
\"This book had its genesis in the mid-1990s when I began researching the trademarks used by Sheffield cutlers and the emergence of 'Sheffield'. Subsequently, collaboration with Geoff Tweedale, Mads Mordhorst and Dev Gangjee, and participation in conferences and workshops, extended my interest in IGOs. Over time, I realised that this subject had been comparatively neglected by business historians. There were, of course, exceptions. Paul Duguid, for example, is prominent in debates on how and why regulatory and institutional change affected the development of IGOs in the port industry during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Nonetheless, it is fair to say that research on these indications has been dominated by scholars in legal history, marketing, and agricultural-rural development\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Community structure follows simple assembly rules in microbial microcosms
Microorganisms typically form diverse communities of interacting species, whose activities have tremendous impact on the plants, animals and humans they associate with. The ability to predict the structure of these complex communities is crucial to understanding and managing them. Here, we propose a simple, qualitative assembly rule that predicts community structure from the outcomes of competitions between small sets of species, and experimentally assess its predictive power using synthetic microbial communities composed of up to eight soil bacterial species. Nearly all competitions resulted in a unique, stable community, whose composition was independent of the initial species fractions. Survival in three-species competitions was predicted by the pairwise outcomes with an accuracy of ~90%. Obtaining a similar level of accuracy in competitions between sets of seven or all eight species required incorporating additional information regarding the outcomes of the three-species competitions. Our results demonstrate experimentally the ability of a simple bottom-up approach to predict community structure. Such an approach is key for anticipating the response of communities to changing environments, designing interventions to steer existing communities to more desirable states and, ultimately, rationally designing communities
de novo
.
Survival of competing microbial species pairs predicts competition outcome between a greater number of species: species that coexist with each other in pairs will survive, species that are excluded by any of the surviving species will go extinct.
Journal Article
Histone H3 Thr-3 Phosphorylation by Haspin Positions Aurora B at Centromeres in Mitosis
Aurora B is a component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) required for correct spindle-kinetochore attachments during chromosome segregation and for cytokinesis. The chromatin factors that recruit the CPC to centromeres are unknown, however. Here we show that phosphorylation of histone H3 threonine 3 (H3T3ph) by Haspin is necessary for CPC accumulation at centromeres and that the CPC subunit Survivin binds directly to H3T3ph.A nonbinding Survivin D70A/D71A mutant does not support centromeric CPC concentration, and both Haspin depletion and Survivin-D70A/D71A mutation diminish centromere localization of the kinesin MCAK and the mitotic checkpoint response to taxol. Survivin-D70A/D71A mutation and microinjection of H3T3-specific antibody both compromise centromenc Aurora B functions but do not prevent cytokinesis. Therefore, H3T3ph generated by Haspin positions the CPC at centromeres to regulate selected targets of Aurora during mitosis.
Journal Article
100 طريقة إبداعية لحل المشكلات الإدارية
يقدم هذا الكتاب مائة طريقة مبتكرة لحل المشكلات الإدارية ويمثل دليلا عمليا لتحقيق التغيير المطلوب والتعامل مع مشكلات وتحديات العصر الحديث بمفاهيم أكثر فاعلية وابتكارية وقد تجد العديد من الأساليب المألوفة لديك وأيضا الأساليب غير المألوفة وكل ذلك من خلال المواضيع التالية \"الابتكار والابداع وتحديات العصر الجديد ومراحل عملية الابتكار في حل المشكلات والأساليب الابتكارية لتحليل البيئة والأساليب الابتكارية للتعرف على المشكلات وتحديدها والأساليب الابتكارية لوضع الافتراضات والأساليب الابتكارية الفردية لتوليد بدائل الحلول والأساليب الابتكارية الجماعية لتوليد بدائل الحلول والأساليب الابتكارية للاختيار بين البدائل وتطبيق الحلول والمرجع السريع لاستخدام الأساليب الابتكارية\".
BOOK
Resolution of R-loops by INO80 promotes DNA replication and maintains cancer cell proliferation and viability
Collisions between the DNA replication machinery and co-transcriptional R-loops can impede DNA synthesis and are a major source of genomic instability in cancer cells. How cancer cells deal with R-loops to proliferate is poorly understood. Here we show that the ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling INO80 complex promotes resolution of R-loops to prevent replication-associated DNA damage in cancer cells. Depletion of INO80 in prostate cancer PC3 cells leads to increased R-loops. Overexpression of the RNA:DNA endonuclease RNAse H1 rescues the DNA synthesis defects and suppresses DNA damage caused by INO80 depletion. R-loops co-localize with and promote recruitment of INO80 to chromatin. Artificial tethering of INO80 to a LacO locus enabled turnover of R-loops in
cis
. Finally, counteracting R-loops by INO80 promotes proliferation and averts DNA damage-induced death in cancer cells. Our work suggests that INO80-dependent resolution of R-loops promotes DNA replication in the presence of transcription, thus enabling unlimited proliferation in cancers.
In mammalian cells, during transcription and replication, RNA:DNA hybrid structures known as R-loops can arise, posing as obstacles to replication fork progression. Here the authors reveal that the ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling INO80 complex promotes resolution of R-loops to prevent replication associated DNA damage in cancer cells.
Journal Article