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This paper studies the effect of the modified soda-lime glass surface that reduces water adhesion and raises the water contact angle by modifying the laser processing parameter. The study looked at how these variables affected the water contact angle and surface morphology. The characterization was performed using an inverted metallurgical microscope for surface morphology, and a sessile drop test setup for water contact angle measurement and bricklayer pattern with two different hatch spacings of 0.3 and 0.5 mm was used. The results revealed that the highest water contact angle achieved after surface modification for 0.3 mm was 98.97° at 1000 mm/min and 1.0 W while for 0.5 mm at 93.01°, at 600 mm/min and 1.2 W, improved its hydrophobicity from untextured glass 32.35°. Both sample patterns with 0.3 and 0.5 mm show no defect and all samples seem to have a mark from laser texturing with an increase in power, the laser mark on the surface becomes wider and the large gap between the line becomes more distinct. These findings are significant for designing hydrophobic glass surfaces using laser texturing.

Originality/value: This study offers a bibliometric analysis of the talent pool literature to acquire a better knowledge of the patterns - citation metrics, types of documents, types of sources, growth of publications, citations, languages, subject areas, and keywords of the talent pool literature.

Community empowerment activities through the Community Development Program (ComDev) are prioritized for communities in the Limestone Mountain mining exploration area, with village targets lacking facilities and infrastructure and inadequate levels of community welfare. The Community Development Program is focused on efforts to mitigate the impact of limestone mountain, especially waste and destruction of natural beauty through the results of processing and rehabilitation of exploration areas. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to study objects describing how the Community Development Program was implemented in an effort to empower the village community in the Limestone Mountain Puger Kulon area. The results of this study are that community empowerment in the Limestone Mountain area has been carried out in the social, economic and environmental fields, but its nature is still more directed at providing social assistance, not yet on strengthening and developing people's own strengths such as savings and loan infrastructure. Need to strengthen the power of the community through the strengthening of skills and independent business institutions.

Fermentation technology has been used for decades for dairy and meat products. Several studies have shown an increase in the nutritional value of fermented meat and can increase its safety and shelf life. Bekamal is a traditional fermented meat product found in Banyuwangi Regency. Lactic acid bacteria is one of the natural microbiota of meat that is widely used as a fermentation agent to maintain quality and improve the product’s hygiene and sensory properties. This study aimed to indetify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from traditional fermented meat products, namely bekamal. Bekamal tested is meat that has undergone a fermentation process for 7, 14 and 21 days, and each fermentation time consists of one sample to be isolated and identified the presence of lactic acid bacteria in it. The results showed that in bekamal, some lactic acid bacteria were indicated by Gram staining results, namely gram-positive and catalase-positive, and the results of the CO2 production test were classified as heterofermentative bacteria. This research concluded that in bekamal, lactic acid bacteria were indicated from Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Leuconostoc genus.

The empowerment of coastal communities through the management of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program requires a kind of redesign with an approach that can better ensure community participation in determining the utilization and sustainability of program activities. This study aims to describe proactive CSR management by presenting participation in facilitating the needs of coastal communities. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to describe the management of CSR in the coastal area of the limestone area of Mount Sadeng Puger. Research informants include company CSR managers, community leaders and community assistance groups. The results describe that the source of CSR funding in coastal community empowerment programs is obtained from companies engaged in mining. The CSR program is managed through various forms of activities, including: involvement of coastal communities as workers in medium and large companies, providing health and education insurance, environmental improvement through reforestation and irrigation improvement, providing support/sponsorship in community activities and partnership programs. However, CSR management needs to be developed by providing training and assistance for the sustainability of the program so that it can build community independence.

Railways in Malaysia are undoubtedly a various incorporated element that can possibly assume as an imperative part in the advancement of a manageable transportation framework in the nation. Therefore, failure of prestressed concrete sleepers under the negative static loading need to be investigate due to its role as one of the important part in railway. In this study, negative moment test was established to investigate the design load of the prestressed concrete sleeper (PCS) under negative static loading. Three (3) samples of PCS were used and one (1) PCS contains two rail seat, called KTMB and EPMI sides. It is found that new crack appeared on EPMI sides with the length of 100 millimeters. Meanwhile, the highest displacement for EPMI and KTMB sides were found to be 7.332 and 6.606 millimeters. From three (3) samples tested, only one PCS shows the failure to cater the design load of 176.94 kN subjected to rail seat.

This book explains how the abstractness and lack of accurate description of gender-based crimes in the statutory laws of the international criminal tribunals and courts infringe the principle of fair labelling, lead to inconsistent verdicts and punishments, and cause inadequate prosecution of these crimes. The book deals with gender-based crimes as a case study, within the legal principle and theoretical framework of fair labelling. This book contributes to existing scholarship in many different ways. It focuses on the dilemma of prosecuting and punishing wartime gender-based crimes in the statutory laws of the international criminal tribunals and the International Criminal Court (ICC) in the context of fair labelling. Moreover, it emphasizes that applying fair labelling to wartime gender-based crimes would enable the tribunals and the ICC to deliver fair judgments, eliminate inconsistent prosecution, overcome shortcomings in addressing gender-based crimes within their jurisprudence, while breaking the cycle of impunity for these crimes. Consisting of two parts, the book begins by outlining the central focus and theoretical legal framework of the study. It concentrates on fair labelling as an imperative legal principle and a legal framework, and examines its intellectual development, scope and justification, illustrating its applicability to gender-based crimes. The second part addresses the dilemma of prosecuting gender-based crimes in the international criminal tribunals.

The regenerative braking energy produced by Light-Rail-Transit (LRT) train is commonly transferred back to power grid via a conventional three-phase inverter (recuperating converter). Although this is a cost saving solution but the ac grid current and voltage waveforms were distorted. Hence passive filters are integrated to mitigate the harmonics. This paper proposed to replace the conventional inverter system with a multilevel converter. Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) converter and Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) are selected to be evaluated in this paper due to their modularity structures. The aim of this study is to determine the most potential multilevel converter to be implemented without additional passive filters. Nine-level CHB and nine-level MMC converters are modeled with MATLAB/Simulink simulation tool. Both converters are modulated with Level-Shifted Pulse Width Modulation technique. The output voltage and current waveforms generated by CHB and MMC are presented with full analysis. It is concluded that MMC converter is more suitable to be used as a recuperating converter. It produces a clean voltage and current waveforms. The voltage and current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) indexes are found approximate to 8% and 3%.