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This study focuses on the fabrication of Cu 0.5 Ni 0.5 MnFeO 4 @graphene oxide (Cu 0.5 Ni 0.5 MnFeO 4 @GO) nanocomposite via sol–gel auto-combustion and modified Hummer’s methods. Absence of any impurity peaks in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicates formation of highly pure Cu 0.5 Ni 0.5 MnFeO 4 @GO nanocomposites. Highly crystalline nature of the nanocomposite was confirmed through SAED pattern. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy showed peaks at 1721 cm −1 , 1375 cm −1 , and 1044 cm −1 , assigned to the stretching vibrations of the carboxyl, hydroxyl, and epoxy groups, respectively. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed spherical nanoparticles on graphene nanosheets. Further these observations were confirmed through Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface analysis, Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), confirmed surface area, pore size, and magnetic properties, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed loss of water molecules/moisture, decomposition of oxygen-containing different functional groups and the content of graphene oxide (GO) of Cu 0.5 Ni 0.5 MnFeO 4 @GO nanocomposites. As-synthesized nanocomposite was used for the efficient removal of methylene blue dye from the aqueous solutions through adsorption. Batch experiments demonstrated high adsorption capacity (24.65 mg/g) and a pseudo-second-order kinetic model for degradation of methylene blue dye. Cu 0.5 Ni 0.5 MnFeO 4 @GO-25% achieved 98.58% dye removal within 40 min, attributed to enhanced surface area and synergistic effects. The nanocomposite exhibited excellent recyclability for five cycles. This magnetically separable nanocomposite offers a promising solution for sustainable water purification from the industrial effluents.

This research investigates the influence of temperature on the performance of Cadmium Selenium (CdSe) semiconductor-sensitized solar cells (SSSCs) with tin oxide (SnO 2 ) deposition. CdSe thin films were synthesized at different temperatures (room temperature, 55 and 70 °C) and characterized for their optical and structural properties. The results reveal temperature-dependent variations in the bandgap energy and crystal structure of CdSe, with higher temperatures leading to a red shift in absorption spectra and increased crystallinity. The CdSe-coated SnO 2 films showed enhanced nanoparticle density at higher bath temperatures, indicating improved particle binding and aggregation. Moreover, the elemental analysis confirmed the successful loading of CdSe onto SnO 2 substrates without impurities. Solar cells constructed with these materials exhibited temperature-dependent efficiency, with maximum efficiency achieved at room temperature due to optimal bandgap characteristics and reduced recombination rates. The solar cell with the optimal SnO 2 :(FTO)/SnO 2 /CdSe/CuS nanostructure array electrode produced a short-circuit current density of 4.155 mA/cm 2 and a power conversion efficiency of 0.26% when exposed to one sun's rays. These findings suggest that temperature control during CdSe synthesis plays a crucial role in optimizing the performance of SSSCs, highlighting the importance of understanding temperature effects in semiconductor-based solar cell technologies.