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In this study, we examine the competitiveness effect of currency depreciation in the presence of external commercial borrowing (ECBs) and low financial development. The estimates of autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) show the contractionary effects of exchange rate depreciation on exports owing to increased liability denominated in foreign currency such as ECBs. We also find a positive relationship between bank credit and exports, but the marginal benefits of domestic credit diminish when the exchange rate depreciates. The findings of the study suggest that natural hedging does not act as a cushion against shocks and thus calls for the mandatory use of derivatives by firms. The development of domestic credit markets is essential to reap the benefits of currency depriciation in the export sector.

We measure stock market efficiency by drawing the comprehensive sample from Asia, Europe, Africa, North–South America, and Pacific Ocean regions and rank the cross-regional stock markets according to their level of informational efficiency. The study period spans from January 1, 1994, to August 3, 2017. We employ the approximate entropy approach and find that stock market efficiency evolves over the period. The degree and nature of evolution vary across regions and the development stage of the markets. The global, regional, domestic economic, and non-economic factors influence the adaptive nature of the stock markets. The emerging stock markets have improved efficiency by financial liberalization policy but are adversely affected by global shocks. The estimates validate the relevance of the adaptive market framework to describe the rejection of random walk without excess returns. The results suggest the growing presence of technical analysis and active portfolio managers. The emerging markets in Asia hold policy lessons for their peers. The findings suggest that global investors need to overcome the homogeneity bias as returns opportunities exist within the region and types of markets.

Purpose This study aims to measure the degree of volatility comovement between stock market liquidity and informational efficiency across Asia, Europe, North-South America, Africa, and the Pacific Ocean over three decades. In particular, the authors analyze the extent of the time-varying nexus between different aspects of stock market liquidity and multifractal scaling properties of the stock return series across various regions and diversified market conditions. This study further investigates several factors altering the degree of dynamic conditional correlations (DCCs) between the efficiency and liquidity of the domestic stock markets. Design/methodology/approach The study measures five aspects of stock market liquidity – tightness, depth, breadth, immediacy, and adjusted immediacy. The authors evaluate the multifractal scaling properties of the stock return series to measure the level of stock market efficiency across the regions and diversified market conditions. The study uses the dynamic conditional correlation-multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity framework to quantify the degree of volatility comovement between liquidity and efficiency over the period. Findings The study finds the presence of stronger volatility comovement between inefficiency and illiquidity due to the price impact characteristics of the stock markets irrespective of different regions and diversified market conditions. The extent of time-variation increased following the shock periods, indicating the significant role of the financial crisis in increasing the volatility comovement between inefficiency and illiquidity. The highest degree of time-varying correlation is observed in the developed stock markets of Northwestern and Northern Europe compared to the regional and emerging counterparts. On the other hand, weak DCCs are observed in the emerging stock markets of Europe. Originality/value The output of the present study assists investors in identifying diversification opportunities across the regions. Additionally, the study has significant implications for market regulators, aiding in predicting future troughs and peaks. The prediction, in turn, helps formulate capital market development plans during dynamic economic situations.

The emerging market economies (EMEs) are experiencing significant financial distress due to the rapid accumulation of foreign currency-denominated debt in recent years. We develop the foreign exposure indicators such as original sin and currency mismatches using a novel data set. Our computations suggest that Latin American economies suffer from the original sin problem, followed by Central European countries. We find a higher degree of currency mismatches in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Indonesia, Poland, Mexico, and Turkey. The resurgence of currency mismatches and the Covid-19 pandemic is a stress test for monetary policy frameworks. We find that country’s size, inflation volatility, and exchange rate depreciation cause currency mismatches. We show that the currency mismatch and original sin problem are lower in countries following de-dollarization policies such as limiting debt exposure, effective monetary and fiscal policies, better institutional quality, and export openness. The EMEs need to adopt policies to control currency mismatches, which are consistent with their growth-oriented policies. We suggest the independence of monetary policy, the implementation of macroprudential policies, and the development of offshore bond markets in a local currency. These policies control currency mismatches without changing the growth orientation of the EMEs. South Africa, Hungary, and Asian economies hold lessons for EMEs in controlling currency mismatches.

This study addresses the question of whether the adaptive market hypothesis provides a better description of the behaviour of emerging stock market like India. We employed linear and nonlinear methods to evaluate the hypothesis empirically. The linear tests show a cyclical pattern in linear dependence suggesting that the Indian stock market switched between periods of efficiency and inefficiency. In contrast, the results from nonlinear tests reveal a strong evidence of nonlinearity in returns throughout the sample period with a sign of tapering magnitude of nonlinear dependence in the recent period. The findings suggest that Indian stock market is moving towards efficiency. The results provide additional insights on association between financial crises, foreign portfolio investments and inefficiency. JEL codes G14; G12; C12

We examine a theoretically robust but previously undocumented issue of what drives foreign portfolio investments into emerging markets. Foreign institutional investors (FIIs) are often blamed as fair-weather friends who pull out their investment at the first sign of trouble. Using a bottom-up approach, we explore this possibility. We demonstrate the influence of the firm-specific factors such as size, book to market ratio, the riskiness of the stocks, stock prices, dividend yield, liquidity, leverage, and earnings on the FII ownership. We find no evidence to show foreign investors as fair-weather friends. Instead, they are smart traders who follow a diligent investment strategy. We suggest reforms in corporate governance and improvement in financial fundamentals of the companies to attract FII ownership.

We inquire into the nexus between monetary policy announcements and stock returns in emerging market economies. Drawing the sample from one of the important emerging economies such as India, we show that the Indian stock market is responsive to unscheduled and unexpected scheduled monetary policy announcements whereas the market was already adapted to the expected component of scheduled announcements. The evidence supports the rational expectation hypothesis. This study also finds the effect of policy change direction and monetary policy announcement as a kind of news (good or bad news) on specific sectoral stock returns. Further, we find banking, financial services and auto sectors are the most prominent in transmitting the objective of the monetary policy. This study documents the repo rate is relatively important monetary policy rate to affects the stock returns and response of sectoral returns vary across the instruments. Overall, the evidence from this study confirms the proposition that monetary policy transmission via stock market is significant.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the emotions and sentiments related to the outcome of the sporting event influence the investment making process. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the data on stock prices of firms sponsoring the Indian premier league (IPL) teams and data on Indian stock market. The event-study frameworks along with autoregressive moving average and GMM regression are employed to empirical quantify the impacts of the performance of the IPL teams on the stock market returns of the sponsors’ stocks and response of Indian stock market to the outcome of T-20 international matches. Findings The paper finds that the team winning IPL title in a season has a positive impact on the returns of the sponsors’ stocks of a particular team, whereas loss of team has a negative impact on returns. The outcome of the cricket matches played by team India in the T-20 has a negligible effect on the Indian stock market. Practical implications The finding of the study implies the coexistence of emotions and rationality at different points in time and the relevance of adaptive market hypothesis to explain such time-varying behavior. Originality/value The present investigation is first of its kind to test whether the performance of the IPL cricket team can influence the stock returns of the sponsors. This research shows that sentiment related to sports event such as cricket influences the decision-making process and thus affects underlying stock prices.

The paper investigated the issue of behaviour of stock returns in India. A non-parametric variance ratio test is used to examine the issue. Largely, the results indicated non-random walk behaviour of the Indian stock market. However, the sub-sample analysis of stock returns based on structural breaks showed an increasing mean-reverting tendency after occurrence of structural breaks in the series. The events associated with break dates mainly were volatile exchange rate movements, oil shocks, Internet bubble burst, sub-prime crisis, global economic meltdown and political uncertainties. Rejection of random walk was relatively stronger for smaller and medium indices than for larger indices, implying that market capitalization and liquidity play a greater role in improving efficiency of the market. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

In this paper, we address the question of whether the adaptive market hypothesis provides a better description of the behavior of both developed and emerging stock markets. We employ rolling approximate entropy to evaluate the hypothesis empirically. Using the daily stock indices from the 87 stock markets from both developed and emerging markets, we find strong evidence of evolution in the degree of stock market efficiency throughout the sample period although the degree of evolution varies from one window to other. The existence of evolutionary perspectives is associated with events such as uncertainties in the international oil prices, and sub-prime crisis followed by global economic meltdown among others. Further, the developed markets have the higher entropy values suggesting their higher degree of efficiency than their emerging counterparts.