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Impact of Varying Dosages of Fish Oil on Recovery and Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise
Fish oils (FOs) are rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have been purported to enhance recovery of muscular performance and reduce soreness post-exercise. However, the most effective FO dose for optimizing recovery remains unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of FO supplementation dosing on the recovery of measures of muscular performance, perceived soreness, and markers of muscle damage following a rigorous bout of eccentric exercise. Thirty-two college-aged resistance-trained males (~23.6 years, 71.6 kg, 172.1 cm) were supplemented with 2, 4, 6 g/day (G) FO or placebo (PL) for ~7.5 weeks. Following 7 weeks of supplementation, pre-exercise (PRE) performance assessments of vertical jump (VJ), knee extensor strength, 40-yard sprint, T-test agility, and perceived soreness were completed prior to a bout of muscle-damaging exercise and were repeated immediately post (IP), 1-, 2-, 4-, 24-, 48-, and 72-h (H) post-exercise. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated a treatment × time interaction (p < 0.001) for VJ and perceived soreness, but no group differences were observed at any time point. VJ returned to PRE (54.8 ± 7.9 cm) by 1H (51.8 ± 6.5 cm, p = 0.112) for 6G, while no other groups returned to baseline until 48H. Lower soreness scores were observed in 6G compared to PL at 2H (mean difference [MD] = 2.74, p = 0.046), at 24H (MD: 3.45, p < 0.001), at 48H (MD = 4.45, p < 0.001), and at 72H (MD = 3.00, p = 0.003). Supplementation with 6G of FO optimized the recovery of jump performance and muscle soreness following a damaging bout of exercise.
Journal Article
Healing herbs : how to grow, store, and maximize their medicinal power
\"Dig into the world of herbal medicine with this complete guide to cultivating and harvesting plants with healing properties. For thousands of years, people have been utilizing herbs and cultivating weeds found to speed the healing of wounds, soothe skin irritations, calm uneasy stomachs, and ward off illnesses. In these pages, you'll learn the basics of gardening in your backyard or on your windowsill or porch. You'll also find profiles of useful herbs that are easy to grow or wildcraft, along with inspiring stories, medicine-making instructions, and recipes for your home medicine chest. Known to boost immunity, reduce blood pressure, aid digestion, and relieve arthritis among other medicinal properties, powerful plants such as garlic, Echinacea, yarrow, elderflower, mint, elecampane, and many more are included in this illustrated guide.\"--provided by publisher.
Book
Testosterone and Cortisol Responses to Five High-Intensity Functional Training Competition Workouts in Recreationally Active Adults
To determine the salivary steroid response to high-intensity functional training (HIFT) competition workouts, saliva samples were collected from ten recreationally trained male and female competitors during a 5-week (WK1–WK5) international competition. Competitors arrived at their local affiliate and provided samples prior to (PRE) their warm-up, immediately (IP), 30-min (30P), and 60-min (60P) post-exercise. Samples were analyzed for concentrations of testosterone (T), cortisol (C), and their ratio (TC). Generalized linear mixed models with repeated measures revealed significant main effects for time (p < 0.001) for T, C, and TC. Compared to PRE-concentrations, elevated (p < 0.05) T was observed at IP on WK2–WK5 (mean difference: 135–511 pg·mL−1), at 30P on WK3 (mean difference: 81.0 ± 30.1 pg·mL−1) and WK5 (mean difference: 56.6 ± 22.7 pg·mL−1), and at 60P on WK3 (mean difference: 73.5 ± 29.7 pg·mL−1) and WK5 (mean difference: 74.3 ± 28.4 pg·mL−1). Compared to PRE-concentrations, elevated (p < 0.05) C was noted on all weeks at IP (mean difference: 9.3–15.9 ng·mL−1) and 30P (mean difference: 6.0–19.9 ng·mL−1); significant (p < 0.006) elevations were noted at 60P on WK1 (mean difference: 9.1 ± 3.0 ng·mL−1) and WK5 (mean difference: 12.8 ± 2.9 ng·mL−1). Additionally, TC was significantly reduced from PRE-values by 61% on WK1 at 60P (p = 0.040) and by 80% on WK5 at 30P (p = 0.023). Differences in T, C, and TC were also observed between weeks at specific time points. Although each workout affected concentrations in T, C, and/or the TC ratio, changes appeared to be modulated by the presence of overload and workout duration. During periods of elevated training or competition, athletes and coaches may consider monitoring these hormones for consistency and as a means of assessing workout difficulty.
Journal Article
Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine®) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine® in Young Adults
Methylliberine (Dynamine®; DYM) and theacrine (Teacrine®; TCR) are purine alkaloids purported to have similar neuro-energetic effects as caffeine. There are no published human safety data on DYM, and research on TCR is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of four weeks of DYM supplementation with and without TCR on cardiovascular function and blood biomarkers. One-hundred twenty-five men and women (mean age 23.0 yrs, height 169.7 cm, body mass 72.1 kg; n = 25/group) were randomly assigned to one of five groups: low-dose DYM (100 mg), high-dose DYM (150 mg), low-dose DYM with TCR (100 mg + 50 mg), high-dose DYM with TCR (150 mg + 25 mg), and placebo. Regardless of group and sex, significant main effects for time were noted for heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and QTc (p < 0.001), high-density lipoproteins (p = 0.002), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p = 0.018), basophils (p = 0.006), absolute eosinophils (p = 0.010), creatinine (p = 0.004), estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.037), chloride (p = 0.030), carbon dioxide (p = 0.023), bilirubin (p = 0.027), and alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.043), among others. While small changes were found in some cardiovascular and blood biomarkers, no clinically significant changes occurred. This suggests that DYM alone or in combination with TCR consumed at the dosages used in this study does not appear to negatively affect markers of health over four weeks of continuous use.
Journal Article
House Republicans to Attempt Impeachment of Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas; House Republicans Say Senate Border Security and Immigration Bill Dead on Arrival to House of Representatives; King Charles III Postpones Public Duties for Cancer Treatment; NYPD Busts Robbery Ring Allegedly Involving Migrants; One Year After Catastrophic Earthquake in Turkey and Syria. Aired 8-8:30a ET
House Republicans will attempt an impeachment of HomelandSecurity Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas. House Republicans say theSenate border security and immigration bill is dead on arrival to theHouse of Representatives. King Charles III begins outpatient treatmentfor cancer. New York Police Department busts robbery ring allegedlyinvolving \"ghost criminals.\" Neighborhoods in ruins one year afterSyria-Turkey quake. GUESTS: Josh Barro
Transcript
Campaign Says, No Harris V.P. Decision Yet Just Hours Before First Joint Rally; Biden, Harris Wrap Urgent Meeting as Iran Revenge Attack May Be Imminent; Stock Prices Plunge Amid Renewed Fears of Recession; U.S. Markets Hit With Some Of Worst Losses In Nearly Two Years; Fifth Death Attributed To Tropical Storm Debby. Aired 6-7p ET
Sources say, Harris has focused on Shapiro, Walz in lead-up toV.P. decision. Trump on the attack as he works to define Harris. UshaVance defends husband's childless cat ladies comment as a quip in herfirst solo T.V. interview. Trump refuses to take part in September 10debate on ABC, says he'll only debate Harris on Fox News. Biden,Harris wrap national security meeting in White House Situation Room asIran threatens to attack Israel. Israel on high alert as Iran andHezbollah vow to retaliate. U.S. officials say, Iran expected toretaliate against Israel in coming days, perhaps even within the next24 hours. Several U.S. personnel injured in rocket attack on Iraqbase. Dow closes down 1,000-plus points after sell-off in globalmarkets. U.S. markets hit with some of worst losses in nearly twoyears GUESTS: Megan Hays, Jim Himes, Anthony Scaramucci
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Biden And Trump Agree To First 2024 Debate Showdown On CNN; Gunman Detained After Shooting Slovakian Prime Minister Multiple Times; Michael Cohen To Face More Grilling By Trump's Lawyers Tomorrow; CNN Team Flies Over Haiti To See How Firearms Are Smuggled; Justice Department; Boeing May Be Criminally Prosecuted. Aired 6-7p ET
Biden and Trump to face off in CNN debate on June 27, 9:00 P.M.ET. Pre-debate taunts, Biden says make my day pal, Trump fires backlet's get ready to rumble. Slovakian prime minister hospitalized afterassassination attempt. Defense set to keep attacking Cohen'scredibility when intense cross-examination resumes tomorrow. CNNjournalists have been on the ground covering the violence in Haiti formonths, and now, CNN with an inside look at the smuggling operationfeeding the turmoil in the Caribbean nation with weapons andammunition. GUESTS: Alencia Johnson, Tim Parlatore
Transcript
Biological laterality and peripheral nerve DTI metrics
Clinical comparisons do not usually take laterality into account and thus may report erroneous or misleading data. The concept of laterality, well evaluated in brain and motor systems, may also apply at the level of peripheral nerves. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the extent to which we could observe an effect of laterality in MRI-collected white matter indices of the sciatic nerve and its two branches (tibial and fibular).
We enrolled 17 healthy persons and performed peripheral nerve diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) of the sciatic, tibial and fibular nerve. Participants were scanned bilaterally, and findings were divided into ipsilateral and contralateral nerve fibers relative to self-reporting of hand dominance. Generalized estimating equation modeling was used to evaluate nerve fiber differences between ipsilateral and contralateral legs while controlling for confounding variables. All findings controlled for age, sex and number of scans performed.
A main effect of laterality was found in radial, axial, and mean diffusivity for the tibial nerve. Axial diffusivity was found to be lateralized in the sciatic nerve. When evaluating mean MTR, a main effect of laterality was found for each nerve division. A main effect of sex was found in the tibial and fibular nerve fiber bundles.
For the evaluation of nerve measures using DWI and MTI, in either healthy or disease states, consideration of underlying biological metrics of laterality in peripheral nerve fiber characteristics need to considered for data analysis. Integrating knowledge regarding biological laterality of peripheral nerve microstructure may be applied to improve how we diagnosis pain disorders, how we track patients' recovery and how we forecast pain chronification.
Journal Article
A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of human brain development: The integration of cortical thickness, surface area, gyrification index, and cortical curvature into a unified analytical framework
•We identified patterns of cortical covariance using matrix factorization techniques.•Neuroanatomical features contributed differentially to cortical covariation patterns.•The patterns were associated with variability in demographics and cognitive ability.
Brain maturation studies typically examine relationships linking a single morphometric feature with cognition, behavior, age, or other demographic characteristics. However, the coordinated spatiotemporal arrangement of morphological features across development and their associations with behavior are unclear. Here, we examine covariation across multiple cortical features (cortical thickness [CT], surface area [SA], local gyrification index [GI], and mean curvature [MC]) using magnetic resonance images from the NIMH developmental cohort (ages 5–25). Neuroanatomical covariance was examined using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), which decomposes covariance resulting in a parts-based representation. Cross-sectionally, we identified six components of covariation which demonstrate differential contributions of CT, GI, and SA in hetero- vs. unimodal areas. Using this technique to examine covariance in rates of change to identify longitudinal sources of covariance highlighted preserved SA in unimodal areas and changes in CT and GI in heteromodal areas. Using behavioral partial least squares (PLS), we identified a single latent variable (LV) that recapitulated patterns of reduced CT, GI, and SA related to older age, with limited contributions of IQ and SES. Longitudinally, PLS revealed three LVs that demonstrated a nuanced developmental pattern that highlighted a higher rate of maturational change in SA and CT in higher IQ and SES females. Finally, we situated the components in the changing architecture of cortical gradients. This novel characterization of brain maturation provides an important understanding of the interdependencies between morphological measures, their coordinated development, and their relationship to biological sex, cognitive ability, and the resources of the local environment.
Journal Article