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In order to understand the effects of dietary curcumin on the growth and digestive performance of Seriola dumerili , this study was conducted under laboratory conditions. The control group was added with 0% curcumin, and two treatment groups were added with 0.01% and 0.02% curcumin, respectively. Fish were fed with experimental diet for 8 weeks. The growth data, growth genes, intestinal digestive enzymes, tissue parameters, and blood lipid-related indicators were measured, and the correlation between digestive indicators, growth gene indicators, and growth characteristic indicators was analyzed. The results showed that the survival rate, visceral ratio, hepatosomatic ratio, and condition factor of Seriola dumerili increased first and then decreased with the increase of curcumin content in feed. The feed conversion ratio of the control group was significantly higher than that of the treatment group. With the increase of curcumin content in feed, lipase and trypsin increased first and then decreased with the increase of curcumin content. Compared with the control group, curcumin significantly increased the muscle thickness and the number of goblet cells of Seriola dumerili . High and low contents of curcumin can reduce the content of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride, and a low dose (0.01%) of curcumin has the strongest lipid-lowering effect. The relative gene expression of IGF1 and IGF2 reached the maximum in the 0.02% treatment group. The results showed that the addition of curcumin in feed could theoretically improve the survival rate, feed efficiency, and other growth characteristics of Seriola dumerili , improve intestinal digestion and structure, promote intestinal health, and reduce blood lipid levels. The best effect was achieved in the 0.01% treatment group. The results of this study provide a theoretical reference for the feasibility of adding curcumin to Seriola dumerili feed in production and realize the optimal proportion of feed additives for this species, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of aquaculture.

Gastrointestinal defects and immunodeficiency syndrome (GIDID) is a rare and complex disorder characterized by concurrent dysfunction of the digestive and immune systems. Typically manifesting in infancy or early childhood, GIDID carries a severe prognosis with high early mortality rates. The syndrome has been specifically linked to mutations in the TTC7A gene located on chromosome 2p21. Although GIDID can present during the fetal period, reports of prenatal diagnosis remain exceptionally rare. In this study, we investigated a case involving a fetus with gastrointestinal abnormalities detected during prenatal screening, conceived by a consanguineous couple. Following termination of the pregnancy, whole-exome sequencing of the affected fetus revealed compound heterozygous variants (c.2378del and c.2357G>T) in the TTC7A gene (OMIM:609332). These findings provide critical insights for the prenatal diagnosis of GIDID and enhance fetal detection rate. Furthermore, this study expands the spectrum of known pathogenic mutations in the TTC7A gene and underscores the significant utility of fetal whole-exome sequencing for diagnosing this condition.

Background Currently, whole exome sequencing has been performed as a helpful complement in the prenatal setting in case of fetal anomalies. However, data on its clinical utility remain limited in practice. Herein, we reported our data of fetal exome sequencing in a cohort of 512 trios to evaluate its diagnostic yield. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, the couples performing prenatal exome sequencing were enrolled. Fetal phenotype was classified according to ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Genetic variants were analyzed based on a phenotype-driven followed by genotype-driven approach in all trios. Results A total of 97 diagnostic variants in 65 genes were identified in 69 fetuses, with an average detection rate of 13.48%. Skeletal and renal system were the most frequently affected organs referred for whole exome sequencing, with the highest diagnostic rates. Among them, short femur and kidney cyst were the most common phenotype. Fetal growth restriction was the most frequently observed phenotype with a low detection rate (4.3%). Exome sequencing had limited value in isolated increased nuchal translucency and chest anomalies. Conclusions This study provides our data on the detection rate of whole exome sequencing in fetal anomalies in a large cohort. It contributes to the expanding of phenotypic and genotypic spectrum.

Due to the challenge that the behavior of traffic participants in the driving environment is highly stochastic and uncertain, it is difficult for self-driving vehicles to make accurate decisions based only on the current environmental state. In this paper, we propose a driving strategy learning method based on spatial-temporal feature prediction. Firstly, the spatial interaction between vehicles is implicitly modeled using a graph convolutional neural network and multi-head attention mechanism, and the gated loop unit is embedded to capture the sequential temporal relationship to establish a prediction model incorporating spatial-temporal features. Then, a reinforcement learning-based driving strategy method is constructed using some of the predictive features of the ego-vehicle and surrounding vehicles as predictive state inputs. Finally, based on the real dataset and CARLA simulation platform, the prediction ability of the prediction model and the effectiveness of the prediction-based decision-making model are verified. The simulation results prove that the prediction algorithm can achieve the minimum error compared with the baseline trajectory prediction algorithm, and effectively improves the accuracy and reliability of the autopilot decision-making in various dynamic scenarios.

Vimentin expression in tumor tissues and the tumor–stroma ratio (TSR) have been demonstrated as strong prognostic factors for cancer patients, but whether they are predictive markers of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients is poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the predictive significance of vimentin and TSR combined for nCRT response in LARC patients. Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) was performed to determine the association of vimentin and TSR with nCRT response in six LARC patients [three achieved pathological complete response (pCR), three did not]. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for vimentin and TSR on biopsy tissues before nCRT and logistic regression analysis were performed to further evaluate their predictive value for treatment responses in a larger patient cohort. A trend of decreased vimentin expression and increased TSR in the pCR group was revealed by IMC. In the validation group, vimentin [odds ratio (OR) 0.260, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.102–0.602, p = 0.002] and TSR (OR 4.971, 95% CI 1.933–15.431, p = 0.002) were associated with pCR by univariate analysis. Patients in the vimentin‐low/TSR‐low or vimentin‐high/TSR‐high (OR 5.211, 95% CI 1.248–35.582, p = 0.042) and vimentin‐low/TSR‐high groups (OR 11.846, 95% CI 3.197–77.079, p = 0.001) had significantly higher odds of pCR. By multivariate analysis, only the combination of vimentin and TSR was an independent predictor for nCRT response (OR 9.324, 95% CI 2.290–63.623, p = 0.006). Our study suggested that the combined assessment of vimentin and TSR can provide additive significance and may be a promising indicator of nCRT response in LARC patients. The combination of vimentin and tumor‐stroma ratio could predict the response of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer patients independently. As its its easiness, cheapness and efficiency, the combined assessment of vimentin and tumor‐stroma ratio could be considered to incorporate into clinical practice and may aid in treatment strategy decision.

Bone regeneration faces dual challenges of insufficient energy supply and oxidative stress, while both energy provision and reactive oxygen species levels are mitochondrially regulated and tend to increase or decrease synchronously. Conventional biomaterials fail to reconcile the high ATP demands of osteogenesis with mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we present laponite-primed apoptotic vesicles (L@Apo) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), engineered to address this bioenergetic crisis through dual-pathway mitochondrial regulation. L@Apo integrates more mitochondrial components and bioactive factors with cargo delivery to activate PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, selectively eliminating dysfunctional mitochondria while initiating biogenesis to replenish energetic capacity. Concurrent PI3K-/AKTsignaling drives metabolic rewiring, amplifying both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation to meet mineralization demands. A thiol-ene hydrogel (L@Apo-G/P) ensures sustained vesicle release, preserving mitochondrial integrity and bioactivity. In vitro, L@Apo promotes osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization while mitigating oxidative damage. In vivo, L@Apo-G/P achieves robust bone regeneration in rat femoral defects, surpassing conventional strategies in structural and functional restoration. This biomaterial platform enhances energy metabolism and reduces oxidative damage through programmable mitochondrial reprogramming, establishing a viable strategy for regenerating tissues with high metabolic demands. [Display omitted] •Engineered apoptotic address bone bioenergetic crisis by improving mitochondrial function.•Boosting cellular ATP while attenuating ROS levels.•Covalently conjugated hydrogel enables sustained vesicle release for mitochondrial homeostasis.•Metabolic reprogramming strategy enhances structural and functional bone regeneration.

Objective This study aims to evaluate the incidence of open gingival embrasures (OGES) after orthodontic treatment and analyze its correlation with various clinical and radiographic parameters. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 330 orthodontic patients at West China Hospital of Stomatology from 2016 to 2023, categorizing them into Non-OGES (200) and OGES (130) groups based on post-treatment OGES presence in the central incisor area. Basic information of patients, pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs, and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were collected. Chi-square tests, two-sample t-tests, Welch’s t-tests, and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to compare differences in gender, initial age, treatment duration, and cephalometric and CBCT indicators between the two groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was further employed to explore the clinical characteristics and cephalometric indicators of the study population. Results Univariate analysis revealed that the occurrence of maxillary central incisor OGES was significantly correlated with gender, initial age, treatment duration, and related cephalometric and CBCT indicators ( P  < 0.05). Similarly, the occurrence of mandibular central incisor OGES was also significantly associated with gender, initial age, treatment duration, and specific cephalometric changes ( P  < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the occurrence of maxillary central incisor OGES was significantly related to initial age, treatment duration, and the change in the U1-SN angle, while the occurrence of OGES in the mandibular central incisor area was mainly related to initial age and treatment duration. Conclusion Orthodontic treatment plans should consider a variety of influencing factors, including initial age, treatment duration, anterior tooth angle and position, root-bone relationship, and the distance from the anterior tooth contact point to the alveolar crest, to prevent or reduce the occurrence of OGES after orthodontic treatment, thereby improving patients’ aesthetic outcomes and periodontal health.

Non-periodontal specialists (e.g., orthodontists and prosthodontists) often struggle to efficiently monitor periodontal health in the anterior esthetic zone. This study aimed to develop the Esthetic-zonal Non-invasive Periodontal Assessment Tool (ENPAT), a you look only once (YOLO)v8-based tool that screens oral health conditions and grades periodontal abnormalities from intraoral images. From 3,608 frontal intraoral images, a lightweight YOLOv8 classification model produced unlabeled oral health grading (OHG, Fair/Acceptable/Poor) to pre-screen image labelability. For unit-level assessment, triangular gingival regions were annotated in 2,029 images for modified gingival index (MGI) and 1,847 images for papillae filling index (PFI). We trained YOLOv8s-seg and a GhostNet-modified variant (YOLOv8-Ghost) with five-fold cross-validation, using ResNet-50 as a baseline classifier. A retrospective real-world test set (MGI n = 156 and PFI n = 121) was used to assess generalization, while two junior dentists then graded the same set twice (with and without artificial intelligence (AI)) to analyze agreement (Cohen's [kappa] and weighted [kappa]) with experts' diagnosis and efficiency ([DELTA]Time%). OHG achieved mean accuracy of 0.872. In cross-validation, YOLOv8 outperformed Ghost-YOLOv8 on PFI (macro-accuracy 0.927 vs. 0.920, F1-score 0.762 vs. 0.743, mAP@50 0.726 vs. 0.702; P [less than or equal to] 0.001), with smaller grade-specific gains on MGI (e.g., accuracy of MGI0 0.867 vs. 0.853, P = 0.017). Both YOLOv8 variants exceeded ResNet-50 on real-world set, while YOLOv8 showed the strongest overall PFI performance (accuracy 0.940, mAP@50 0.854, F1-score 0.838). YOLOv8-Ghost reduced complexity substantially (-44.2% params and -29.0% GFLOPs). With AI assistance, junior dentists' diagnosis rose to satisfactory levels (weighted [kappa] up to 0.799), and per-image evaluation time decreased by 18.10% for MGI and 22.79% for PFI (P < 0.05). ENPAT delivers real-time, multi-class grading of periodontal conditions from routine intraoral photos. The standard YOLOv8s-seg model offers the best overall accuracy and sensitivity, while YOLOv8-Ghost provides a compelling lightweight alternative. These results support ENPAT's potential to enhance periodontal screening and education for non-periodontal practitioners.

Background Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a rare angiogenic tumor with no recognized effective treatment. Treatment options used worldwide include liver transplantation (LT), liver resection (LR), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), chemotherapy, and observation. The aim of this study was to describe the efficacy of different treatment options used for HEHE at our center. Methods The medical charts of 12 patients with HEHE (9 women and 3 men) who were diagnosed and treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, China, between January 2011 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Results The patients were diagnosed by postoperative histopathology or fine needle aspiration biopsy. Two patients with diffuse lesions received LT and were alive without recurrence at the last follow-up. Three patients received LR as the initial treatment, and all of them developed recurrence during the follow-up period. One patient received RFA and remained free of disease, while the remaining six patients opted for simple observation rather than treatment. One of the patients who received LR passed away because of tumor recurrence within 32 months after surgery; the other patients showed no significant disease activity after treatments for their recurrent lesions. As of April 2018, the mean follow-up duration was 39.6 ± 20.1 months (15–82 months). Conclusions There are multiple strategies for HEHE. Considering its indolent course, initial observation for assessment of the lesion behavior may aid in the selection of appropriate treatment. Surgery or LT is suitable for patients with disease progression during the observation period. However, our sample size was small, and further studies are required to gather more information that can aid in optimal treatment selection.

Traditional open head and neck surgery often leaves permanent scars, significantly affecting appearance. The emergence of surgical robots has introduced a new era for minimally invasive surgery. However, the complex anatomy of the head and neck region, particularly the oral and maxillofacial areas, combined with the high costs associated with established systems such as the da Vinci, has limited the widespread adoption of surgical robots in this field. Recently, surgical robotic platform in China has developed rapidly, exemplified by the promise shown by the KangDuo Surgical Robot (KD-SR). Although the KD-SR has achieved some results comparable to the da Vinci surgical robot in urology and colorectal surgery, its performance in complex head and neck regions remains untested. This study evaluated the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of the newly developed KD-SR-01, comparing it with standard endoscopic systems in head and neck procedures on porcine models. We performed parotidectomy, submandibular gland resection, and neck dissection, collected baseline characteristics, perioperative data, and specifically assessed cognitive workload using the NASA-TLX. None of the robotic procedures were converted to endoscopic or open surgery. The results showed no significant difference in operation time between the two groups (P = 0.126), better intraoperative bleeding control (P = 0.001), and a significant reduction in cognitive workload (P < 0.001) in the robotic group. In conclusion, the KD-SR-01 is feasible, effective, and safe for head and neck surgery. Further investigation through well-designed clinical trials with long-term follow-up is necessary to establish the full potential of this emerging robotic platform.