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To address the challenge of predicting lubrication states and reliability caused by the uncertainty of gear materials and structural parameters, a lubrication reliability analysis method considering the randomness of gear parameters is proposed. Firstly, a nonlinear dynamic model of a gear pair is established to derive the dynamic meshing force. The geometric and kinematic analyses are then performed to determine time-varying equivalent curvature radius and entrainment velocity. The minimum film thickness during meshing is further calculated. Considering gear parameters as random variables, a gear lubrication reliability model is formulated. Monte Carlo Simulation method is employed to accurately analyze the dynamic response, dynamic meshing force, equivalent curvature radius, entrainment velocity, probability distribution of minimum film thickness, and gear lubrication failure probability. Additionally, a specialized wear test device is designed to investigate the evolution of tooth surface roughness with wear and to forecast trends in gear lubrication failure probability as wear progresses. The results indicate that the uncertainty in gear parameters have minimal impact on the equivalent curvature radius and entrainment velocity, but significantly affect the dynamic meshing force. The gear speed and root mean square roughness are critical factors affecting lubrication reliability, and the early wear of the teeth enhances the lubrication reliability. The present work provides valuable insights for the design, maintenance, and optimization of high-performance gear systems in practical engineering applications.

The rotation speed directly influences the vibration and lubrication behaviors of gear pairs, but studying the effects of time-varying rotation speeds during their operation poses substantial challenges. The present work proposed an approach to analyzing the dynamic response and lubrication performance of spur gear pairs under time-varying rotation speeds. A single-degree-of-freedom torsional dynamics model was established to capture the vibration responses and meshing forces of a gear pair, with the meshing stiffness modulated by the time-varying rotation speed. Additionally, a transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication model of the gear system was proposed to obtain the pressure pro-file and film shape, incorporating the effects of time-varying rotation speeds. Three types of time-varying rotation speeds were investigated: acceleration, deceleration, and oscillation. The results reveal that the time-varying rotation speed induces chaotic motion of the gear system, resulting in significant changes in the dynamic meshing force, entrainment velocity, and curvature radius of the gear pair compared to those in constant-speed scenarios. The lubrication performance under time-varying rotation speeds also shows diverse dynamic characteristics, highlighting significant differences from that observed under a constant rotation speed. These insights contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of gear dynamics under realistic operating conditions, enhancing gears’ performance and reliability in practical applications.

On the turbocharger, two forms of intake pipe, bending and torsion, are usually used, which leads to a vortex at the inlet of the blade. It has been found that double vortices and massive vortices play a significant role in the working characteristics of the compressor. This project intends to conduct a systematic theoretical and experimental study on the effects of vortex deformation under two different working conditions of bending and torsion on the internal flow field, tip leakage flow field, and impeller load of the impeller. It has been found that the presence of a vortex near the blade entrance changes the static pressure and inflow angle near the blade entrance. The reverse transfer of vortex flow and vortex flow caused by vortex has three critical effects on the working characteristics of the compressor: 1. The change of circumferential static pressure and the pressure gradient of the flow in the impeller. 2. The location and density of the leakage flow on the top surface are significantly changed. 3. Adjust the impeller load’s change and fluctuation when it rotates.

The geometry of the vortex shell significantly affects the non-axisymmetric flow in centrifugal compressors. This study explores the static pressure characteristics of the vortex shell through experimental data and numerical analysis using finite element software. Findings indicate that the vortex tongue region critically influences the cascade structure. At high flow rates (0.40 kg/s), flow field parameters at the blade and vortex shell inlets alter markedly near the tongue side. Conversely, at lower velocities (0.26 kg/s), flow distribution at the blade inlet becomes more uneven, and changes in the inflow angle are more pronounced. Additionally, blade pulsation intensifies at higher velocities, and the jet wake vortex exhibits structural variations at different velocities. High-pressure fluctuations are notably transmitted upwards through the vortex shell, with periodic fluctuations affecting the impeller load. These changes significantly impact the flow field under various operating conditions.

The limestone-gypsum flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process has become the most widespread process in the world for sulfur removal. The swirl-jet-absorbing wet limestone-gypsum sintering FGD technology was developed for sintering flue gas desulfurization, and this process produces volumes of wastewater with various contaminants that requires treatment before disposal or reuse. In this study, the wastewater quality from three different sintering FGD systems at Baosteel Group was investigated and compared with wastewater from power plant FGD. A treatment process was proposed which is suitable for sintering FGD wastewater. After treatment with a neutralization, coagulation and sedimentation process, heavy metals in the sintering FGD wastewater were reduced to a level meeting the relevant emission standards, but the pH and ammonia concentration were too high, and a further treatment process was needed. This study indicates that it is entirely feasible to mix pretreated sintering FGD wastewater into the biological treatment systems used for coking wastewater from the iron and steel industries.

The limestone-gypsum flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process has become the most widespread process in the world for sulfur removal. The swirl-jet-absorbing wet limestone-gypsum sintering FGD technology was developed for sintering flue gas desulfurization, and this process produces volumes of wastewater with various contaminants that requires treatment before disposal or reuse. In this study, the wastewater quality from three different sintering FGD systems at Baosteel Group was investigated and compared with wastewater from power plant FGD. A treatment process was proposed which is suitable for sintering FGD wastewater. After treatment with a neutralization, coagulation and sedimentation process, heavy metals in the sintering FGD wastewater were reduced to a level meeting the relevant emission standards, but the pH and ammonia concentration were too high, and a further treatment process was needed. This study indicates that it is entirely feasible to mix pretreated sintering FGD wastewater into the biological treatment systems used for coking wastewater from the iron and steel industries.

Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix has important roles in tissue integrity and human health. Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors that are composed by two non-covalently linked alpha and beta subunits that mainly participate in the interaction of cell-cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix and regulate cell motility, adhesion, differentiation, migration, proliferation, etc. In mammals, there have been eighteen α subunits and 8 β subunits and so far 24 distinct types of αβ integrin heterodimers have been identified in humans. Integrin α5β1, also known as the fibronectin receptor, is a heterodimer with α5 and β1 subunits and has emerged as an essential mediator in many human carcinomas. Integrin α5β1 alteration is closely linked to the progression of several types of human cancers, including cell proliferation, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and cancerogenesis. In this review, we will introduce the functions of integrin α5β1 in cancer progression and also explore its regulatory mechanisms. Additionally, the potential clinical applications as a target for cancer imaging and therapy are discussed. Collectively, the information reviewed here may increase the understanding of integrin α5β1 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer.

Background Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13) is an AAA + ATPase that plays an important role in the mitotic checkpoint. TRIP13 is highly expressed in various human tumours and promotes tumorigenesis. However, the biological effect of TRIP13 in GBM cells remains unclear. Methods We generated GBM cell models with overexpressed or silenced TRIP13 via lentivirus-mediated overexpression and RNAi methods. The biological role of TRIP13 in the proliferation, migration and invasion of GBM cells has been further explored. Results Our research indicated that TRIP13 was highly expressed in GBM tissues and cells. We found that the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities were inhibited in TRIP13-knockdown GBM cells. These results indicated that TRIP13 plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of GBM. Moreover, we found that TRIP13 first stabilised c-MYC by inhibiting the transcription of FBXW7, which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase of c-MYC, by directly binding to the promoter region of FBXW7. Therefore, our study indicated that the TRIP13/FBXW7/c-MYC pathway might provide a prospective therapeutic target in the treatment of GBM. Conclusions These results indicated that TRIP13 plays an oncogenic role in GBM. The TRIP13/FBXW7/c-MYC pathway might act as a prospective therapeutic target for GBM patients.

In a recent study published in Cancer Research, Xia and colleagues reported that, in cancer, constituents in serine–glycine-one-carbon (SGOC) metabolism exhibit enhanced transcriptional activation and are increasingly utilised, which results in more glucose-derived carbon to serine–glycine biosynthesis. The current work identifies an MYCN-dependent metabolic vulnerability and shows a variety of associations between metabolic reprogramming and enhanced sensitivity to metabolic stress, which may lead the way to unlocking new anticancer therapies. Here, we summarised new insights into the role of SGOC metabolism in the progression of neuroblastoma (NB) with highly activated SGOC metabolism.

Zinc finger CCCH-type containing 15 (ZC3H15), a highly conserved protein involved in several cellular processes, which was responsible for tumorigenesis and may be a promising marker in myeloid leukemia (AML) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little is known about the biological significance and molecular mechanisms of ZC3H15 in GBM. In this study, we revealed that ZC3H15 was overexpressed in GBM and high ZC3H15 expression was associated with poor survival of patients with GBM. We found that ZC3H15 promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis of GBM cells by activating the EGFR signaling pathway. We also revealed that ZC3H15 reduced EGFR ubiquitination, which was responsible for EGFR protein stabilization. In addition, we demonstrated that ZC3H15 inhibited the transcription of CBL, which was an E3 ubiquitin ligase for EGFR proteasomal degradation. And silencing of CBL could partly abrogate the inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cells induced by ZC3H15 knockdown. Thus, our research revealed the important roles of ZC3H15 in GBM development and provided a brand-new insight for improving the treatment of GBMs.