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To preserve the intangible cultural heritage digitally and effectively manage and analyze the intangible cultural heritage video data, the research creatively employs target recognition algorithms and keyframe extraction to perform video extraction and analysis. The keyframe extraction and target detection model is constructed with the help of shot boundary detection, feature pyramid network, and attention mechanism. The experimental results revealed that the designed keyframe extraction model outperformed all the other methods, achieving an accuracy rate of 0.996, a recall rate of 0.984, and an F1 score of 0.936 on the dataset used in the study. This model’s average keyframe redundancy was 0.02, and the missed and false detection rates were both below 0.25. This indicated a strong ability to recognize key content in videos. Meanwhile, the model’s performance changed little under the test with the addition of random noise perturbation, demonstrating good robustness and generalization ability. The detection error converged to the minimum value of 0.126, and the highest value of prediction box generation accuracy could reach 0.834, which was 41.57% improved. In the video processing of intangible cultural heritage, the missing rate and false positive rate of the target object were at the lowest level as low as 0.20. Through keyframe extraction and target detection, the study realizes the effective protection and analysis of intangible cultural heritage cultural videos, and promotes the inheritance and dissemination of intangible cultural heritage.

Aims Macrophage-mediated inflammatory response plays a pivotal role in the pathological process of myocardial infarction (MI). Although single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) shed light on the differentiation and function of macrophage subsets post-MI, it failed to capture protein-level changes, limiting comprehensive assessment. Methods To address this limitation, first, we analyzed the scRNA-seq data from ArrayExpress, after comprehensive quality control, normalization, dimensionality reduction, and clustering analyses, macrophage subsets were systematically classified and annotated using established computational pipelines. Then, these computational classifications were validated through rigorous animal experiments. Finally, we integrated proteomic data from our experimental model and scRNA-seq to analyze the effect of protein modification changes in macrophage subsets on prognosis post-MI. Results A total of seven macrophage clusters were identified and annotated, including Spp1 hi Mac, MHCII hi Mac, Ltc4s hi Mac, Lyve1 hi Mac, Dcn hi Mac, Ly6c1 hi Mono and Stmn1 hi Mac. Spp1 hi Mac and Ltc4s hi Mac, linked to leukocyte migration and chemotaxis, peaked at 3 days. MHCII hi Mac and and Dcn hi Mac, involved in antigen processing and presentation and collagen fibril organization, peaked at 7 days. Lyve1 hi Mac reduced on days 3 and 7, and by day 28 returned to baseline levels. By integrating scRNA-seq and proteomics, there 78, 126, and 64 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in macrophages were obtained at 3, 7 and 28 days, respectively. At 3 days, DEPs were linked to inflammation, protein processing and maturation. At 7 days, DEPs were enriched in regulation of actin filament organization and cellular response to interferon-gamma. At 28 days, DEPs exhibited inhibitory effects on inflammation, cell apoptosis and migration. The post-translational modifications (PTMs) of DEPs involved phosphorylation, acetylation and lactylation, and these DEPs are mainly associated with inflammation, fibrosis and cytoskeletal organization, including Marcks, Anxa2, Vim, Dcn, Tpm3 and so on. Conclusion By integrating scRNAseq and proteomics data, this study provides a comprehensive overview of heterogeneity and dynamic protein level changes of macrophages post-MI, and characterizes the PTMs in macrophages, and lays the groundwork for developing targeted interventions tailored to specific cell types and time points post-MI.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) are closely correlated. However, the mechanism is still poorly understood. In this article, we analyzed the molecular action network driving the emergence of this event. Two datasets (GSE113439 and GSE147507) from the GEO database were used for the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs).Common DEGs were selected by VennDiagram and their enrichment in biological pathways was analyzed. Candidate gene biomarkers were selected using three different machine-learning algorithms (SVM-RFE, LASSO, RF).The diagnostic efficacy of these foundational genes was validated using independent datasets. Eventually, we validated molecular docking and medication prediction. We found 62 common DEGs, including several ones that could be enriched for Immune Response and Inflammation. Two DEGs (SELE and CCL20) could be identified by machine-learning algorithms. They performed well in diagnostic tests on independent datasets. In particular, we observed an upregulation of functions associated with the adaptive immune response, the leukocyte-lymphocyte-driven immunological response, and the proinflammatory response. Moreover, by ssGSEA, natural killer T cells, activated dendritic cells, activated CD4 T cells, neutrophils, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were correlated with COVID-19 and PH, with SELE and CCL20 showing the strongest correlation with dendritic cells. Potential therapeutic compounds like FENRETI-NIDE, AFLATOXIN B1 and 1-nitropyrene were predicted. Further molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations showed that 1-nitropyrene had the most stable binding with SELE and CCL20.The findings indicated that SELE and CCL20 were identified as novel diagnostic biomarkers for COVID-19 complicated with PH, and the target of these two key genes, FENRETI-NIDE and 1-nitropyrene, was predicted to be a potential therapeutic target, thus providing new insights into the prediction and treatment of COVID-19 complicated with PH in clinical practice.

Both primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are intricately linked. However, their common mechanism is not fully understood. Herein, we examined the underlying network of molecular action associated with developing this complication. Datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. We performed enrichment and protein–protein interaction analyses and screened key genes. We used external datasets to confirm the diagnostic performance for these hub genes. Transcription factor and microRNA regulatory networks were constructed for the validated hub genes. Finally, drug prediction and molecular docking validation were performed. We identified 62 common DEGs, many of which were enriched regarding inflammation and immune response. 5 DEGs were found as key hub genes (IGSF6, MMP9, S100A8, MNDA, and NCF2). They had high diagnostic performance in external datasets. Functional enrichment of these five hub genes showed that they were associated with the adaptive immune response. The Type 1T helper cell showed the most association among all cell types related to AMI and pSS. We identified 36 common TFs and 49 identical TF-miRNAs. The drugs, including Benzo, dexamethasone, and NADP, were predicted as potential therapeutic agents. Herein, we revealed common networks involving pSS and AMI etiologies. Knowledge of these networks and hub genes can enhance research into their associated mechanism and the development of future robust therapy.

Contravention is a unique category of criminal offense in the Civil Law. It was created in order to make a distinction between ordinary offenses and criminal offenses by means of different punishments. In the late 1850s, in response to the pressure of urban governance, French Consul transplanted the contravention and its legal system in the French concession of Shanghai. He employed French Criminal Law of 1810 and made some adjustments according to the actual situation of French concession, in order to establish a judicial system of contravention including the municipal regulations, police force and mixed court. The effect was significant. In the short term, the French authorities could effectively control some social problems by enhancing the measurement of penalty. In the long run, the effect of judicial system of contravention was most likely affected to the sorts of punishments. Lack of clear standard, the punishment for the contraventions was usually severe. The transplantation of contravention in French concession aimed at the transformation of Chinese lifestyle and shape a modem city in the western sense, but also reflected the unequal relationship between the foreigners and Chinese in Shanghai. Keywords: contravention; French concession in Shanghai; urban governance; legal transplantation

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common disease of the human scalp that causes physical damage and psychological problems for patients. Studies have indicated that dysbiosis of the scalp microbiome results in SD. However, the specific fungal and bacterial microbiome changes related to SD remain elusive. To further investigate the fungal and bacterial microbiome changes associated with SD, we recruited 57 SD patients and 53 healthy individuals and explored their scalp microbiomes using next generation sequencing and the QIIME and LEfSe bioinformatics tools. Skin pH, sebum secretion, hydration, and trans-epidermal water loss (TWEL) were also measured at the scalp. We found no statistically significant differences between the normal and lesion sites in SD patients with different subtypes of dandruff and erythema. However, the fungal and bacterial microbiome could differentiate SD patients from healthy controls. The presence of Malassezia and Aspergillus was both found to be potential fungal biomarkers for SD, while Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were found to be potential bacterial biomarkers. The fungal and bacterial microbiome were divided into three clusters through co-abundance analysis and their correlations with host factors indicated the interactions and potential cooperation and resistance between microbe communities and host. Our research showed the skin microbe dysbiosis of SD and highlighted specific microorganisms that may serve as potential biomarkers of SD. The etiology of SD is multi-pathogenetic-dependent on the linkage of several microbes with host. Scalp microbiome homeostasis could be a promising new target in the risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of SD disease.

Ultra-low-temperature lithium metal batteries face significant challenges, including sluggish ion transport and uncontrolled lithium dendrite formation, particularly at high power. An ideal electrolyte requires high carrier ion concentration, low viscosity, rapid de-solvation, and stable interfaces, but balancing these attributes remains a formidable task. Here, we design and synthesize a multifunctional additive, perfluoroalkylsulfonyl quaternary ammonium nitrate (PQA-NO 3 ), which features both cationic (PQA + ) and anionic (NO 3 − ) components. PQA + reacts in situ with lithium metal to form an inorganic-rich solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) that enhances Li + transport through the SEI film. NO 3 − creates an anion-rich, solvent-poor solvation structure, improving oxidation stability at the positive electrode/electrolyte interface and reducing Li + -solvent interactions. This allows ether-based electrolytes to achieve high voltage tolerance, increased ionic conductivity, and lower de-solvation energy barriers. The Li (40 µm)||NMC811 (3 mAh cm −2 ) coin cells with the developed electrolyte exhibited stable cycling at -60 °C and a 450 Wh kg −1 pouch cell retained 48.1% capacity at -85 °C, achieving a specific energy (except tabs and packing foil, same hereafter) of 171.8 Wh kg −1 . Additionally, the pouch cell demonstrated a discharge rate of 3.0 C at -50 °C, reaching a specific power (except tabs and packing foil, same hereafter) of 938.5 W kg −1 , indicating the electrolyte’s suitability for high-rate lithium metal batteries in extreme low-temperature environments. Ultra-low-temperature lithium metal batteries struggle with slow ion transport and dendrite growth. Here, authors develop a multifunctional electrolyte additive (PQA-NO 3 ) that forms a protective SEI layer and modifies ion interactions, enabling stable operation at extreme cold condition of −85 °C.

Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses to viral infection are a form of antibody regulated immune responses mediated through the Fc fragment. Whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) triggered ADCC responses contributes to COVID-19 disease development is currently not well understood. To understand the potential correlation between ADCC responses and COVID-19 disease development, we analyzed the ADCC activity and neutralizing antibody response in 255 individuals ranging from asymptomatic to fatal infections over 1 year post disease. ADCC was elicited by 10 days post-infection, peaked by 11–20 days, and remained detectable until 400 days post-infection. In general, patients with severe disease had higher ADCC activities. Notably, patients who had severe disease and recovered had higher ADCC activities than patients who had severe disease and deceased. Importantly, ADCC activities were mediated by a diversity of epitopes in SARS-COV-2-infected mice and induced to comparable levels against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) (B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1) as that against the D614G mutant in human patients and vaccinated mice. Our study indicates anti-SARS-CoV-2 ADCC as a major trait of COVID-19 patients with various conditions, which can be applied to estimate the extra-neutralization level against COVID-19, especially lethal COVID-19.

Tarantulas (family Theraphosidae) are ecologically significant invertebrate predators in terrestrial ecosystems, but many species face threats from habitat fragmentation and unsustainable collection for the international pet trade. Brachypelma albiceps, a CITES Appendix II-listed species, lacks comprehensive mitochondrial genome characterization, limiting phylogenetic and evolutionary studies. Here, we report a complete mitochondrial genome sequence for B. albiceps (13,856 bp; GC content 32.84%) and provide detailed annotation. The genome exhibits typical metazoan mitochondrial organization, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs, with an AT-rich nucleotide composition (67.16%) characteristic of arthropod mitochondria. Comparative analyses of B. albiceps and six other Mygalomorphae species revealed strong biases toward A/T-ending codons and avoidance of G/C-ending codons. ENC–GC3s, neutrality, and PR2 analyses consistently indicate that natural selection plays a dominant role in shaping synonymous codon usage, with mutation pressure also contributing. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on 10 high-quality mitochondrial protein-coding genes from 23 spider species confirmed the placement of B. albiceps within the family Theraphosidae and its close phylogenetic relationship to Cyriopagopus species. These results provide valuable genomic resources for the Theraphosidae systematics, enhance our understanding of codon bias evolution, and provide critical DNA barcode data for forensic identification of CITES-regulated specimens in the illegal wildlife trade.

Background β-Farnesene is a sesquiterpene with versatile industrial applications. The production of β-farnesene from waste lipid feedstock is an attractive method for sustainable production and recycling waste oil. Yarrowia lipolytica is an unconventional oleaginous yeast, which can use lipid feedstock and has great potential to synthesize acetyl-CoA-derived chemicals. Results In this study, we engineered Y. lipolytica to produce β-farnesene from lipid feedstock. To direct the flux of acetyl-CoA, which is generated from lipid β-oxidation, to β-farnesene synthesis, the mevalonate synthesis pathway was compartmentalized into peroxisomes. β-Farnesene production was then engineered by the protein engineering of β-farnesene synthase and pathway engineering. The regulation of lipid metabolism by enhancing β-oxidation and eliminating intracellular lipid synthesis was further performed to improve the β-farnesene synthesis. As a result, the final β-farnesene production with bio-engineering reached 35.2 g/L and 31.9 g/L using oleic acid and waste cooking oil, respectively, which are the highest β-farnesene titers reported in Y. lipolytica . Conclusions This study demonstrates that engineered Y. lipolytica could realize the sustainable production of value-added acetyl-CoA-derived chemicals from waste lipid feedstock.