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"Howlett, John"
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Metal hydrides for high-power batteries
Rechargeable batteries are essentially unstable systems with respect to charging/discharging. The main electrode reactions of all battery chemistries are well known but are valid and reversible only at small currents. When batteries are used with nonzero current, gradients in voltage, current, and temperature will arise and initiate a number of less understood parasitic reactions. If all these rather complicated and interconnected reactions are not reversible upon charging/discharging, the battery will derail after a number of charging/discharging cycles. This article describes two ways to improve performance. One is to choose applications where the battery is not deeply discharged, such as in hybrid electric vehicles. In battery electric vehicle applications, this would correspond to working with a significantly oversized battery. The second way is to improve uniformity and quality of design and materials of metal hydride electrodes; however, this will also drastically increase cost, and for a battery application, the total throughput of available energy over the lifetime cost of the battery must be maximized. Uniform metal hydride particles with a large and uniform reaction surface are examples of how to increase battery performance by making the electrodes work under more ideal conditions, which slows down the deteriorating influence from the parasitic reactions.
Journal Article
James Dean : rebel life
\"James Dean died in 1955. The star of three movies, he was aged just 24. Six decades later, the charismatic screen idol has lost none of his power to captivate. Revered by fresh generations of fans born years after his untimely death, the glamor of his limited but incandescent legacy of cinematic classics -- East of Eden, Rebel Without a Cause and Giant -- will never fade. Drawn from extensive research and original interviews, James Dean: Rebel Life strips back the hype to reveal the man behind the myth. Filled with the testimonies of the actors, directors and ex-lovers who knew Dean best, and lavishly illustrated with candid photos (from boyhood up to Dean's untimely death) and sumptuous film stills, the book provides a uniquely personal insight into the life and times of Hollywood's tragic leading man,--Amazon.com.
Book
Policy paradigms in theory and practice : discourses, ideas and anomalies in public policy dynamics
\"The contributors investigate policy paradigms and their ability to explain the policy process - actors, ideas, discourses and strategies employed - to provide readers with a better understanding of public policy and its dynamics. Drawing together leading researchers in the field, this edited collection offers a unique insight into a selection of policy paradigms, investigating their significance for public policy, policy making and policy change, in both theory and practice. The contributions open up new avenues of research on policy dynamics while re-evaluating the accuracy and effectiveness of existing policy orthodoxy\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Selected poetry and prose of edmond holmes
This book represents the first scholarly gathering together of the long-neglected poetry of the School Inspector, educationalist and philosopher Edmond Holmes (1850 – 1936). Alongside a generous selection from Holmes's six volumes of poetry there is also a full reproduction of Holmes's essay What is Poetry which served to delineate his thinking on the discipline. Supporting these original works is both a lengthy scholarly introduction and extensive endnotes which serve to locate Holmes's poetry not merely within the context of its time and amongst his own contemporaries but also to make a case for the importance of this body of work in its own right particularly in its promulgation of original and innovative ideas. Holmes's poetry represents a particularly unique combination of traditional verse form coupled with innovative and esoteric subject matter (often drawing upon Eastern Buddhist philosophy as well as Western Romanticism and Pantheism) and so deserves to be more widely recognized as being wholly distinctive within the canon of Victorian and Modern poetry.
eBook
Henry Caldwell Cook, creativity and democratic learning
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the life and work of a forgotten progressive educator – (Henry) Caldwell Cook who was an English and drama teacher at the Perse School in Cambridge, UK. By looking at his key work The Play Way (1917) as well as the small number of his other writings it further seeks to explain the distinctiveness of his thinking in comparison to his contemporaries with a particular focus upon educational democracy.
Design/methodology/approach
The work was constructed primarily through a reading of Cook’s published output but also archival study, specifically by examining the archives held within the Perse School itself. These consisted of rare copies of Cook’s written works – unused by previous scholars – and materials relating to Cook’s work in the school such as his theatre designs and a full collection of contemporary newspaper reviews.
Findings
The paper contends that Cook’s understanding of democracy and democratic education was different to that of other early twentieth century progressives such as Edmond Holmes and Harriet Finlay-Johnson. By so doing it links him to the ideas of progressivism emergent in America from John Dewey et al. who were more concerned with democratic ways of thinking. It therefore not only serves to resurrect Cook as a figure of importance but also offers new insights into early twentieth century progressivism.
Originality/value
The value of the paper is that it expands what little previous writing there has been on Cook as well as using unused materials. It also seeks to use a biographical approach to start to better delineate progressive educators of the past thereby moving away from seeing them as a homogenous grouping.
Journal Article
Caloric Availability of Polydextrose
Polydextrose is a randomly bonded polysaccharide produced by the bulk melt polycondensation of glucose and sorbitol in vacuo. It has been used as a bulking and texturizing agent and soluble fiber ingredient in many food products worldwide for over two decades. Because of its atypical linkages between glucose moieties, polydextrose resists digestion by mammalian gastrointestinal enzymes. It is minimally absorbed in the small intestine and partially fermented in the large intestine producing volatile fatty acids, with approximately 50% of the ingested dose being excreted undigested. In this it is similar to many other poorly digested soluble fiber ingredients. Numerous energy balance and isotope-label disposition studies have been conducted in animals and man to investigate the caloric availability of polydextrose. The weight of available experimental evidence in the 14 studies described herein shows that polydextrose has a caloric value of approximately 1 kcal/g.
Journal Article
The Association between Idiopathic Clubfoot and Increased Internal Hip Rotation
Clinical observation suggests the coexistence of increased internal hip rotation in limbs with clubfoot, thereby providing an additional, and perhaps overlooked, site of deformity to account for an intoeing gait in these limbs. Furthermore, assuming a genetic basis exists for exaggerated femoral and/or acetabular anteversion, which are the possible cause(s) for increased internal hip rotation, this association could provide another key to the multifactorial etiology of clubfoot. We asked whether such an association exists and retrospectively reviewed 114 children (178 clubfeet). We then tested for an association between clubfoot and increased internal hip rotation. These rotational measurements were compared with published normative data on torsion in children. In cases of unilateral clubfoot, an additional analysis compared the rotational profiles of the affected and unaffected extremities. Increased internal hip rotation occurred more frequently in limbs with idiopathic clubfoot. In patients with unilateral clubfoot, the affected extremities manifested greater internal hip rotation than the unaffected extremities, whereas the latter showed no difference in internal hip rotation compared with normative values. Clinical evaluation of intoeing in children with a history of clubfoot should include a rotational profile to determine the level(s) of deformity and guide therapeutic intervention.
Level of Evidence:
Level III, prognostic study (case control study). See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Journal Article