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"Hu, Yan"
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Copper-coordinated cellulose ion conductors for solid-state batteries
Although solid-state lithium (Li)-metal batteries promise both high energy density and safety, existing solid ion conductors fail to satisfy the rigorous requirements of battery operations. Inorganic ion conductors allow fast ion transport, but their rigid and brittle nature prevents good interfacial contact with electrodes. Conversely, polymer ion conductors that are Li-metal-stable usually provide better interfacial compatibility and mechanical tolerance, but typically suffer from inferior ionic conductivity owing to the coupling of the ion transport with the motion of the polymer chains
1
–
3
. Here we report a general strategy for achieving high-performance solid polymer ion conductors by engineering of molecular channels. Through the coordination of copper ions (Cu
2+
) with one-dimensional cellulose nanofibrils, we show that the opening of molecular channels within the normally ion-insulating cellulose enables rapid transport of Li
+
ions along the polymer chains. In addition to high Li
+
conductivity (1.5 × 10
−3
siemens per centimetre at room temperature along the molecular chain direction), the Cu
2+
-coordinated cellulose ion conductor also exhibits a high transference number (0.78, compared with 0.2–0.5 in other polymers
2
) and a wide window of electrochemical stability (0–4.5 volts) that can accommodate both the Li-metal anode and high-voltage cathodes. This one-dimensional ion conductor also allows ion percolation in thick LiFePO
4
solid-state cathodes for application in batteries with a high energy density. Furthermore, we have verified the universality of this molecular-channel engineering approach with other polymers and cations, achieving similarly high conductivities, with implications that could go beyond safe, high-performance solid-state batteries.
By coordinating copper ions with the oxygen-containing groups of cellulose nanofibrils, the molecular spacing in the nanofibrils is increased, allowing fast transport of lithium ions and offering hopes for solid-state batteries.
Journal Article
High-performance all-solid-state batteries enabled by salt bonding to perovskite in poly(ethylene oxide)
Flexible and low-cost poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based electrolytes are promising for all-solid-state Li-metal batteries because of their compatibility with a metallic lithium anode. However, the low room-temperature Li-ion conductivity of PEO solid electrolytes and severe lithium-dendrite growth limit their application in high-energy Li-metal batteries. Here we prepared a PEO/perovskite Li3/8Sr7/16Ta3/4Zr1/4O₃ composite electrolyte with a Li-ion conductivity of 5.4 × 10−5 and 3.5 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 25 and 45 °C, respectively; the strong interaction between the F⁻ of TFSI⁻ (bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide) and the surface Ta5+ of the perovskite improves the Li-ion transport at the PEO/perovskite interface. A symmetric Li/composite electrolyte/Li cell shows an excellent cyclability at a high current density up to 0.6 mA cm−2. A solid electrolyte interphase layer formed in situ between the metallic lithium anode and the composite electrolyte suppresses lithium-dendrite formation and growth. All-solid-state Li|LiFePO₄ and high-voltage Li|LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O₂ batteries with the composite electrolyte have an impressive performance with high Coulombic efficiencies, small overpotentials, and good cycling stability.
Journal Article
Discussion on the product model technology of XPS foam plastic
The utilization of XPS foam in model production has demonstrated significant improvements in both the production level and the overall understanding of the model. Hence, this paper aims to delve into the characteristics and production status of XPS foam, analyze the corresponding production processes and methods, identify the challenges encountered during model production, and propose suitable countermeasures. Additionally, this study aims to evaluate the feasibility of integrating XPS foam into product design for models, while providing valuable insights for XPS foam production and research.
Journal Article
The gale
\"One morning, so early that the fog still clings to the surface of the river, a young boy accompanies his yeye seven miles to the grassy field behind their home in order to cut satintail to feed the livestock.-- Provided by publisher.
CHILDBOOK
Layered oxide cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries: From air stability, interface chemistry to phase transition
Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as a low‐cost complementary or alternative system to prestigious lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) because of their similar working principle to LIBs, cost‐effectiveness, and sustainable availability of sodium resources, especially in large‐scale energy storage systems (EESs). Among various cathode candidates for SIBs, Na‐based layered transition metal oxides have received extensive attention for their relatively large specific capacity, high operating potential, facile synthesis, and environmental benignity. However, there are a series of fatal issues in terms of poor air stability, unstable cathode/electrolyte interphase, and irreversible phase transition that lead to unsatisfactory battery performance from the perspective of preparation to application, outside to inside of layered oxide cathodes, which severely limit their practical application. This work is meant to review these critical problems associated with layered oxide cathodes to understand their fundamental roots and degradation mechanisms, and to provide a comprehensive summary of mainstream modification strategies including chemical substitution, surface modification, structure modulation, and so forth, concentrating on how to improve air stability, reduce interfacial side reaction, and suppress phase transition for realizing high structural reversibility, fast Na+ kinetics, and superior comprehensive electrochemical performance. The advantages and disadvantages of different strategies are discussed, and insights into future challenges and opportunities for layered oxide cathodes are also presented. Recent progress in layered oxide cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) from air stability, interface chemistry, and phase transition are comprehensively summarized. The intrinsic degradation mechanisms behind electrochemical performance and mainstream modification strategies are systematically sorted out and analyzed. The remaining challenges, promising optimization strategies as well as endeavor directions to break current limitations are also presented for the future design of high‐performance layered oxide cathodes for SIBs.
Journal Article
MYH9-dependent polarization of ATG9B promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by accelerating focal adhesion assembly
Tumour metastasis is a major reason accounting for the poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the discovery of targets in the primary tumours that can predict the risk of CRC metastasis is now urgently needed. In this study, we identified autophagy-related protein 9B (ATG9B) as a key potential target gene for CRC metastasis. High expression of ATG9B in tumour significantly increased the risk of metastasis and poor prognosis of CRC. Mechanistically, we further find that ATG9B promoted CRC invasion mainly through autophagy-independent manner. MYH9 is the pivotal interacting protein for ATG9B functioning, which directly binds to cytoplasmic peptide segments aa368–411 of ATG9B by its head domain. Furthermore, the combination of ATG9B and MYH9 enhance the stability of each other by decreasing their binding to E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1, therefore preventing them from ubiquitin-mediated degradation, which further amplified the effect of ATG9B and MYH9 in CRC cells. During CRC cell invasion, ATG9B is transported to the cell edge with the assistance of MYH9 and accelerates focal adhesion (FA) assembly through mediating the interaction of endocytosed integrin β1 and Talin-1, which facilitated to integrin β1 activation. Clinically, upregulated expression of ATG9B in human CRC tissue is always accompanied with highly elevated expression of MYH9 and associated with advanced CRC stage and poor prognosis. Taken together, this study highlighted the important role of ATG9B in CRC metastasis by promoting focal adhesion assembly, and ATG9B together with MYH9 can provide a pair of potential therapeutic targets for preventing CRC progression.
Journal Article
Leveraging local structural disorder for enhanced ion transport
Fast-ion conductors, also known as solid electrolytes, are a critical component to the development of high-performance all-solid-state batteries. Conventional lithium solid electrolytes are limited by low ionic conductivity due to high energy barriers for Li
+
transport. Recent advancements in promoting fast-ion transport have been achieved through weakening the interaction of Li-ions with their coordinated anions via the introduction of local disorder on the atomic-, nano-, and meso-scale. Difficulty in the coherent characterization of local-entropy-enhanced ion conductors arises from the modified structural framework, which consists of highly disordered local structures within an ordered long-range network. This review outlines an experimental approach to systematically probe the relation between material structure, ion dynamics, and ion conduction, guided by solid-state NMR. Examples of our work on local-entropy-enhanced ion conductors are highlighted to encourage future studies to further optimize the properties of solid electrolytes for a wide range of technological applications.
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Journal Article