Explore the vast range of titles available.

Background Although spiritual care is a basic element of holistic nursing, nurses’ spiritual care knowledge and abilities are often unable to satisfy patients’ spiritual care needs. Therefore, nurses are in urgent need of relevant training to enhance their abilities to provide patients with spiritual care. Design A nonrandomized controlled trial. Objective To establish a spiritual care training protocol and verify its effectiveness. Methods This study recruited 92 nurses at a cancer treatment hospital in a single province via voluntary sign-up. The nurses were divided into two groups—the study group (45 people) and the control (wait-listed) group (47 people)—using a coin-toss method. The study group received one spiritual care group training session every six months based on their routine nursing education; this training chiefly consisted of lectures by experts, group interventions, clinical practice, and case sharing. The control group participated in monthly nursing education sessions organized by the hospital for 12 continuous months. Results After 12 months of intervention, the nurses in the study group had significantly higher overall spiritual health and spiritual care competency scores as well as significantly higher scores on all individual dimensions compared with those in the control group ( P  < 0.01). Conclusions A spiritual care training protocol for nurses based on the concept of mutual growth with patients enhances nurses’ spiritual well-being and spiritual care competencies.

Perceived ESG performance refers to stakeholders’ assessment of a company’s efficacy in implementing and maintaining ESG initiatives. This perception is crucial as it influences stakeholders’ trust and engagement with the company. The present study aims to test the relationships between the perceived performance of Chinese e-commerce firms and their employees’ green behaviors, with the mediating role of green psychological climate and the moderating role of ESG actions: substantive vs. symbolic. Employees’ green behavior is defined as any measurable individual behavior that contributes to environmental sustainability goals in the work context. Green psychological climate is defined as employees’ perceptions and interpretations of their organization’s policies, procedures, and practices regarding environmental sustainability. The sample includes 1285 employees from various Chinese e-commerce firms. Participants ranged in age from 19 to 66 years, with a mean age of 37.27 years (SD = 10.35). This study examines the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance on green behaviors among employees in Chinese e-commerce companies. Leveraging data from organizational surveys, the findings reveal that perceived ESG performance significantly influences green behaviors, both directly and indirectly, through the mediating role of green psychological climate. Mediation analysis underscores the pivotal role of green psychological climate in bridging ESG performance and individual green behaviors, with the strength of this relationship varying significantly across levels of substantive ESG actions. Furthermore, while the moderating effects of ESG substantive and symbolic actions on the relationships between ESG performance, green psychological climate, and green behaviors did not achieve conventional statistical significance, observed trends suggest a nuanced interplay worthy of further exploration. These findings highlight the complexity of translating organizational ESG commitments into employee actions, emphasizing the importance of both substantive and symbolic ESG initiatives in fostering a green psychological climate. This study contributes novel insights into the mechanisms driving green behaviors in organizational contexts, offering implications for both academic research and managerial practice.

Background Spiritual care is defined as recognizing and responding to the needs of the human spirit when the individual is facing trauma, illness, or sadness. Providing spiritual care is one of the core aspects of holistic care, as it is significantly associated with patients’ quality of life. The provision of optimal spiritual care requires good understanding by the nurses. Therefore, it is important to assess this understanding by using a proven, well-validated instrument. The Spiritual Care-Giving Scale (SCGS) is designed to measure nurses’ perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care in Singapore. However, it is unknown whether this scale is valid and reliable for use with nurses in the context of Chinese culture. The purpose of this study is to determine this version’s validity and reliability for use with nurses in China. Methods In this quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, after translating the English version of the SCGS into Chinese and making adjustments for culture and values, we assessed the performance of this instrument by administering the C-SCGS to a convenience sample of 400 nurses. The participants also completed the Chinese version of the Spiritual Care Competency Scale (C-SCCS) to assess the concurrent validity of the C-SCGS. The internal consistency and homogeneity of the C-SCGS were also tested, and a factorial analysis was performed. Results Completed questionnaires were obtained from 355 participants (response rate: 88.75%). Four factors were confirmed by an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using Promax with the Kaiser normalization rotation method after the 35-item SCGS was reduced to 34 items, and these factors explained 53.116% of the total variance. The adjusted item–total correlation ranged from 0.527 to 0.760. The Cronbach’s alpha of the factors ranged from 0.836 to 0.941, and the Guttman split-half coefficient was between 0.759 and 0.902. The concurrent validity of the C-SCGS and C-SCCS (r = 0.534, p  < 0.01) showed a significant correlation. Nurses’ education showed a significant association with the scores of the C-SCGS. Conclusion The C-SCGS was found to be a psychometrically sound measurement to evaluate Chinese-speaking nurses’ perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care.

Red flesh apple ( Malus pumila var. medzwetzkyana Dieck ), purple leaf plum ( Prunus cerasifera Ehrhar f ), and purple leaf peach ( Prunus persica ‘Atropurpurea’ ) are significant ornamental plants within the Rosaceae family. The coloration of their fruits and leaves is crucial in their appearance and nutritional quality. However, qualitative and quantitative studies on flavonoids in the succulent fruits and leaves of multicolored Rosaceae plants are lacking. To unveil the diversity and variety-specificity of flavonoids in these three varieties, we conducted a comparative analysis of flavonoid metabolic components using ultra-high-performance liquid phase mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The results revealed the detection of 311 metabolites, including 47 flavonoids, 105 flavonols, 16 chalcones, 37 dihydroflavonoids, 8 dihydroflavonols, 30 anthocyanins, 14 flavonoid carbon glycosides, 23 flavanols, 8 isoflavones, 11 tannins, and 12 proanthocyanidins. Notably, although the purple plum and peach leaves exhibited distinct anthocyanin compounds, paeoniflorin and corythrin glycosides were common but displayed varying glycosylation levels. While the green purple leaf peach fruit (PEF) and red flesh apple leaf (AL) possessed the lowest anthocyanin content, they exhibited the highest total flavonoid content. Conversely, the red flesh apple fruit (AF) displayed the highest anthocyanin content and a diverse range of anthocyanin glycosylation modifications, indicating that anthocyanins predominantly influenced the fruit's color. Purple PLF, PLL, and PEL showcased varying concentrations of anthocyanins, suggesting that their colors result from the co-color interaction between specific types of anthocyanins and secondary metabolites, such as flavonols, flavonoids, and dihydroflavonoids. This study provides novel insights into the variations in tissue metabolites among Rosaceae plants with distinct fruit and leaf colors.

Electrospun nanofibrous mats own tremendous advantages and potential in membrane separation process due to their high porosity, large pore size and unique interconnected structure. However, most of membranes reported in the literature were based on phase inversion substrate, and there are few researches focused on applying electrospun nanofibrous mats on membrane separation. From this point of view, this review firstly introduces the electrospinning technology and controllable preparation of electrospun nanofibers, and then sums up the state-of-the-art applications, roles and shortcomings of electrospun nanofibrous mats in membrane separation, including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and forward osmosis. As for forward osmosis, the progress, currently existing problems, improvement methods and future development directions are emphasized particularly, and a novel three-tier thin-film composite structure is put forward on the basis of dual-layer thin-film composite structure of forward osmosis membranes. It is sincerely expected that this paper can provide some clues and guidance for further research and application of electrospun nanofibers in membrane separation.

Objective This study aims to explore the preparedness and barriers faced by rural middle-aged and older adults coping with active aging, to reveal the challenges of aging management and provide recommendations for promoting active aging in rural China. Methods This study used a qualitative design with one-on-one semi-structured interviews and purposive sampling to select middle-aged and older adults from rural areas in Tongren, Guizhou Province, China as the study participants. NVivo 14 software and content analysis method were employed to analyze the interview data and extract key themes. Results A total of 17 participants were included in the study. Four main themes were identified: individual-level determinants, family-level determinants, societal-level determinants, and environment-level determinants, along with twenty-five sub-themes. Conclusion The preparedness of rural middle-aged and older adults for active aging is generally low, and they face a complex array of challenges. Multiple sectors of society must develop measures to enhance the awareness of active aging among rural residents, alleviate economic pressures, establish a sound social security system, and promote the high-quality development of active aging in rural areas.

Aims This study aimed to investigate the current state of nursing interns’ spiritual care competency (SCC) and its relationship with their spiritual health. Background Spiritual care is a vitally important component of holistic nursing. Understanding the spiritual care competency of nursing interns can help nursing managers and educators identify weaknesses in spiritual care practices, develop intervention measures to enhance SCC, and improve the quality of nursing services. However, the relationship between spiritual health and SCC among nursing interns remains unclear. Methods A total of 361 nursing interns were recruited from three general hospitals. An online questionnaire assessed nursing interns’ sociodemographic characteristics, spiritual care competency, and spiritual health. Statistical analyses included Pearson’s correlation analysis, T-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis. Results The average spiritual care competency score among nursing interns was 107.24 ± 21.67 out of a possible 135, indicating a medium-high level of competency. Spiritual care competency was positively correlated with spiritual health ( P  < 0.01). The multiple stepwise linear regression model ( n  = 361) had an explained variance ( R 2  = 0.300), showing that spiritual health and the manner of receiving spiritual training were the main factors influencing the interns’ spiritual care competency ( P  < 0.001). Conclusion The findings suggest that improving the spiritual health of nursing interns can enhance their spiritual care competency.

Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global public health problem. Lifestyle modifications aimed at promoting weight loss and weight maintenance remain the current first‐line treatments for NAFLD. Objective We aim to identify barriers and enabling factors in weight management among patients with NAFLD using the capability, opportunity, motivation, behaviour (COM‐B) model of behaviour. Design This study adopted a qualitative design using semistructured interviews analysed with content analysis and the COM‐B framework. Setting and Participants Interviews were conducted with 27 patients with NAFLD who experienced successful or unsuccessful weight reduction. Results Our study included 27 participants: 15 participants with successful weight loss (successful weight loss refers to a decrease in body weight ≥7% of the initial body weight for patients with NAFLD) and 12 participants with unsuccessful weight loss. Thirty‐five themes (19 barriers and 16 facilitators) were mapped onto the COM‐B model as barriers and facilitators to weight management among patients with NAFLD. The key barriers were lack of time and energy, lack of awareness of weight, lack of attention to NAFLD, treating food as a reward or compensation and social entertainment. The key facilitators were having basic weight loss knowledge and skills, strong motivation, attention to NAFLD, unsuccessful weight loss experiences and positive feedback from phased success. Conclusion In addition to identifying factors consistent with existing studies, this study identified factors that influence weight management in NAFLD patients, such as basic weight loss skills and rational thinking before weight loss, which were not previously reported. This has clinical implications for clinical healthcare providers and health management services for the improvement of education and support regarding lifestyle improvement and weight management in patients with NAFLD. Patient or Public Contribution We recruited potential participants from the Bariatric Clinic, Hepatology Clinic and Physical Examination Center of hospitals between March 2021 and October 2021. Twenty‐seven patients with NAFLD who had successful or unsuccessful weight loss experiences participated in the study and responded to questions on weight management.

Background With the increased empirical interest in the positive significance of improving nurses’ sense of professional benefits, there is a requirement for measures of nurses’ perceived professional benefit (NPPB). Our objective was to develop and psychometrically test a brief Nurses’ Perceived Professional Benefit Questionnaire (NPPBQ). Methods After expert consultation and nurse interviews, a primary questionnaire was developed for an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The seventeen items of the NPPBQ were used for verification of the theorized factor structure and content validity using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The NPPBQ’s concurrent validity was evaluated. Three samples of nurses were collected in Shanghai, Hangzhou and Nanjing between November 2017 and August 2018. Results The results of the EFA and CFA verified the five dimensions of nurses’ occupational benefit discovery. The results demonstrated that the NPPBQ has adequate internal consistency and is fully consistent with the theorized factor structure. This 5-factor solution explained an adequate percentage of the total variance. The Cronbach’s alpha of each dimension of the NPPBQ was good. The concurrent validity was significantly correlated with all aspects of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Conclusion The results suggest that the NPPBQ is a psychometrically sound measure for evaluating perceived professional benefits among a wide range of nurses.

Enhancing residents’ subjective well-being (SWB) is a central objective of sustainable development. Using four waves of data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) covering 2016–2022, this study introduces an innovative framework to examine the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance perception (ESGP) on SWB. Employing a two-way fixed effects model, the analysis reveals a significant positive association between ESGP and SWB, which remains robust across multiple checks. The results further indicate that ESGP improves SWB primarily through two mediating mechanisms: enhancing perceived social fairness and increasing satisfaction with government performance. While outdoor physical activity exerts a significant positive influence on SWB, it does not function as a key mediator in the ESGP–SWB linkage. Heterogeneity analysis shows that age does not significantly moderate the ESGP–SWB relationship, whereas urban residents exhibit stronger effects than their rural counterparts. At the regional level, the influence of ESGP is most pronounced in economically advanced areas, following the order: eastern > central > western > northeastern regions. Overall, this study contributes to the literature by extending knowledge on the determinants of well-being and providing empirical evidence on how residents shape their happiness through perceptions of environmental, social, and governance conditions.