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Background Bladder cancer (BCa) is the fourth most common malignant tumor with a poor prognosis worldwide. Further exploration and research are needed to unmask the underlying roles and molecular mechanisms of circular RNAs. In the current study, our findings showed that circXRN2 suppresses tumor progression driven by histone lactylation by activating the Hippo pathway in human bladder cancer. Methods RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) followed by circRNA sequencing confirmed circXRN2 as the research object. Overexpression of circXRN2 and knockdown of TAZ/YAP further verified the biological functions in T24 and TCCSUP cells. RIP, immunoprecipitation and coimmunoprecipitation were used to elucidate the interaction between circXRN2 and LATS1. A Seahorse metabolic analyzer was used to determine the glycolytic rate. Cleavage under targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were employed to ensure the regulatory roles of H3K18 lactylation in the transcriptional activity of LCN2. Results CircXRN2 is aberrantly downregulated in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. CircXRN2 inhibits the proliferation and migration of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, circXRN2 serves as a negative regulator of glycolysis and lactate production. Mechanistically, circXRN2 prevents LATS1 from SPOP-mediated degradation by binding to the SPOP degron and then activates the Hippo signaling pathway to exert various biological functions. The circXRN2-Hippo pathway regulatory axis further modulates tumor progression by inhibiting H3K18 lactylation and LCN2 expression in human bladder cancer. Conclusions CircXRN2 suppresses tumor progression driven by H3K18 lactylation by activating the Hippo signaling pathway in human bladder cancer. Our results indicated novel therapeutic targets and provided promising strategies for clinical intervention in human bladder cancer.

The basic principle of multi-view stereo (MVS) is to perform 3D reconstruction by extracting depth information from multiple views. Most current SOTA MVS networks are based on Vision Transformer, which usually means expensive computational complexity. To reduce computational complexity and improve depth map accuracy, we propose a MVS network with Bidirectional Semantic Information (BSI-MVS). Firstly, we design a Multi-Level Spatial Pyramid module to generate multiple layers of feature map for extracting multi-scale information. Then we propose a 2D Bidirectional-LSTM module to capture bidirectional semantic information at different time steps in the horizontal and vertical directions, which contains abundant depth information. Finally, cost volumes are built based on various levels of feature maps to optimize the final depth map. We experiment on the DTU and BlendedMVS datasets. The result shows that our network, in terms of overall metrics, surpasses TransMVSNet, CasMVSNet, CVP-MVSNet, and AACVP-MVSNet respectively by 17.84%, 36.42%, 14.96%, and 4.86%, which also shows a noticeable performance enhancement in objective metrics and visualizations.

A coarse-to-fine multi-view stereo network with Transformer (MVS-T) is proposed to solve the problems of sparse point clouds and low accuracy in reconstructing 3D scenes from low-resolution multi-view images. The network uses a coarse-to-fine strategy to estimate the depth of the image progressively and reconstruct the 3D point cloud. First, pyramids of image features are constructed to transfer the semantic and spatial information among features at different scales. Then, the Transformer module is employed to aggregate the image’s global context information and capture the internal correlation of the feature map. Finally, the image depth is inferred by constructing a cost volume and iterating through the various stages. For 3D reconstruction of low-resolution images, experiment results show that the 3D point cloud obtained by the network is more accurate and complete, which outperforms other advanced algorithms in terms of objective metrics and subjective visualization.

The classification of the current density vector map (CDVM) reconstructed from magnetocardiogram (MCG) is an important indicator for assessing cardiac function and state in clinical diagnosis. Given the limited widespread application of MCG, research on CDVM often encounters challenges such as scarcity of data and difficulties in judgment. There is growing interest in computer-aided methods to assist physicians in analyzing cardiac cases using CDVM. This paper proposes a deep learning-based approachto classify the CDVM. To address the issue of insufficient processed MCG data, data augmentation is carried out by adding noise, making predictions based on auto regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, and utilizing interpolation methods. A transformer hybrid residual network is then employed to classify the CDVM across categories 0 to 4, with transfer learning incorporated into the network structure to initialize model parameters, and the self-attention mechanism of the Transformer enhancing the feature extraction capability. This method achieved a classification accuracy of 97.52%, outperforming previous deep learning approaches, exhibiting both high precision and efficiency. Furthermore, its high scalability ensures that it will continue to meet the evolving needs of physicians as CDVM datasets undergo continuous expansion.

Background There has been controversial for the treatment of the posterolateral tibial plateau fractures (PTPF). This study aimed to evaluate clinic outcomes of the lateral locking compression plate (LCP) postposition, analyze the feasibility of LCP postposition through anatomical measurement, and address the potential problems of LCP postposition through the biomechanical assessment. Methods 39 patients with PTPF undergoing LCP fixation between June 2019 and June 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. All cases were divided into two group: Group A (15 cases) employed plate transverse arm postpositioning with posterolateral (PL) fracture fixation using two raft screws, while Group B (24 cases) utilized non-postpositioning with fixation by a single raft screw. Surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, the change of lateral tibial plateau angle (LTPA), lateral tibial plateau posterior slope angle (LPSA) and fracture collapse between immediate postoperative and last follow up, range of motion (ROM), HSS knee score, and Lysholm knee score were recorded. CT measurements of the fibular head superior space and LCP transverse arm were taken in 50 healthy adult knees to assess postposition feasibility. Finally, three fracture models were established using finite element analysis: Model A with plate postposition and PL split fracture fixed by two raft screws of transverse arm, Model B with plate non-postposition and PL split fracture fixed by one raft screw, and Model C with plate non-postposition and PL split fracture fixed by one raft screw and anterior–posterior tension screws. Loadings of 250N, 500N, and 750N were applied for the analysis of the displacement degree, von Mises stress distribution. Results Results indicate comparable operative duration and intraoperative hemorrhage between groups. Complications were minimal in both groups. Group A demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of radiographic parameters, functional scores, and fracture collapse prevention. CT measurements revealed compatibility in 72% of healthy knees with the postpositioning technique. Finite element analysis indicated favorable biomechanical stability. Conclusion Not all patients with PTPF were applicable to the management of the plate postposition and two raft screws fixation, even though this technique exerted good biomechanical stability and achieved satisfactory clinic outcomes. When the PL fracture was fixed by only raft screw through LCP owing to various reasons, two anterior–posterior tension screws might be necessitated to maintain the fracture stability.

Cancer remains one of the most formidable diseases affecting human health, particularly because it involves complex reprogramming of metabolic pathways, especially pathways involved in lipid metabolism. Ether lipids (ELs), which alter membrane fluidity and signaling pathways that promote tumor initiation and development, have emerged as important regulators of cancer biology, positioning them as emerging candidate targets for diagnosis and treatment. The main focus of this review is the metabolic dysregulation of ELs in tumors, particularly the metabolic, genetic, and epigenetic processes that promote invasion, proliferation, and drug resistance. This review highlights preclinical treatment strategies designed to target EL synthases, aiming to provide novel perspectives for future translational applications that support more sustainable therapeutic options. In addition to future prospects centered on standardized detection and multiomics integration to improve precision oncology, important hurdles, including tissue specificity and metabolic heterogeneity, are covered.

Background The risks associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) have gained significant recognition over time. A prevalent form of distal DVT is isolated calf muscular venous thrombosis (ICMVT). Despite its common clinical occurrence, data on ICMVT subsequent to tibial plateau fracture (TPF) surgery are scarce. This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics and associated risk factors (RFs) of ICMVT following TPF surgery. Methods For this retrospective analysis, we included patients from our hospital, who underwent TPF surgery between March 2017 and March 2021. Patients’ electronic medical records were reviewed, including admission details, fracture classification, surgical procedures, and laboratory biomarkers. The HSS (The American Hospital for Special Surgery) and Rasmussen scores were employed to evaluate the clinical effect. A Color Duplex Flow Imager (CDFI) was regularly used to detect pre- and postoperative venous thrombosis in the lower limbs. Finally, uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent RFs associated with ICMVT. Results Overall, 481 participants were recruited for analysis. Postoperative ICMVT occurred in 47 patients. All ICMVTs occurred on the affected side. Four of the 47 ICMVT patients exhibited sudden postoperative swelling in the affected limb. The HSS and Rasmussen scores in the non-ICMVT cohort (87.6 ± 8.2, 16.0 ± 1.7) were markedly different from the ICMVT cohort (84.8 ± 8.2, 15.5 ± 1.6) ( p  = 0.014, p  = 0.031). This study finally identified five postoperative ICMVT-related RFs, which were age (> 55 years old) (OR 3.06; 95% CI 1.47–6.37; p  = 0.003), gender (female) (OR 2.67; 95% CI 1.37–5.22; p  = 0.004), surgical duration (> 114 min) (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.44–6.85; p  = 0.004), elevated white blood cell content (OR 2.85; 95% CI 1.47–5.51; p  = 0.002), and hyponatremia (OR 2.31; 95% CI 1.04–5.12; p  = 0.040). Conclusion The epidemiological findings of this study may help predict ICMVT risk after surgery thus facilitating the development of individualized clinical assessments and targeted prevention programs.

Objective The optimal surgical approach for tibial avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of four techniques: arthroscopic suture fixation, arthroscopic loop plate fixation, open reduction with cannulated screw fixation, and open reduction with anchor suture bridge fixation. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of 73 patients treated between January 2019 and December 2023 using one of four surgical techniques: arthroscopic suture fixation (Group A, n  = 26), arthroscopic loop plate fixation (Group B, n  = 14), open reduction with cannulated screw fixation (Group C, n  = 16), and open reduction with anchor suture bridge fixation (Group D, n  = 17). Demographic data, operative time, pre- and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, Lysholm scores, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores, knee range of motion (ROM), and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results No significant differences were observed in baseline demographic data among the four groups ( P  >.05). Operative time was shortest in Group D (60.41 ± 12.39 min), significantly less than in the other groups ( P  =.0001). At 3 months postoperatively, all groups demonstrated significant improvements in VAS, Lysholm, and IKDC scores ( P  <.0001); however, intergroup differences were not statistically significant ( P  >.05). Group A demonstrated significantly less ROM recovery compared with the other groups ( P  =.0171). At final follow-up, further improvements in functional scores and ROM were observed in all groups, with no significant intergroup differences ( P  >.05). Complication rates differed significantly among the groups ( P  =.0361), with Group D reporting the lowest rate (0%) and Group A the highest (34.6%). Conclusion No significant differences were found in overall clinical outcomes among the four techniques. However, open reduction with anchor suture bridge fixation demonstrated favorable operative efficiency and complication profile, suggesting clinical advantages in selected patients. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2500100641. Registration Date: 2025-04-11, Retrospectively registered.

Background Current evidence indicates that miR-608 is widely down-regulated in various malignant tumors including liver cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer and glioma, and acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion and migration or by promoting apoptosis. The specific biological function of miR-608 in bladder cancer is still unknown. Methods qRT-PCR and Chromogenic in Situ Hybridization (CISH) was conducted to assess the expression of miR-608 in paired BCa tissues and adjacent non-tumor bladder urothelial tissues. Bisulfite sequencing PCR was used for DNA methylation analysis. CCK-8, colony formation and flow cytometry assays were performed, and a xenograft model was studied. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed with peroxidase and DAB. The target of miR-608 was validated with a dual-luciferase reporter assay, quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blotting. Results miR-608 is frequently down-regulated in human BCa tissues. The methylation status of CpG islands is involved in the regulation of miR-608 expression. Overexpression of miR-608 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis of BCa cells in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, up-regulation of miR-608 in BCa cells induces G1-phase arrest through AKT/FOXO3a signaling. In contrast, down-regulation of miR-608 promotes proliferation and cell cycle progression in BCa cells. Moreover, the expression of FLOT1 was directly inhibited by miR-608, the down-regulation of FLOT1 induced by siFLOT1 could be significantly reversed by miR-608 inhibitor. Similarly, the up-regulation of FLOT1 by FLOT1 overexpression plasmid (pFLOT1) could also reverse the suppressed cell proliferation caused by miR-608. Conclusions miR-608 is a potential tumor suppressor in BCa, and the restoration of miR-608 might be a promising therapeutic option for BCa.

Recent studies about brain network have suggested that normal aging is associated with alterations in coordinated patterns of the large-scale brain functional and structural systems. However, age-related changes in functional networks constructed via positron emission tomography (PET) data are still barely understood. Here, we constructed functional brain networks composed of 90 regions in younger (mean age 36.5 years) and older (mean age 56.3 years) age groups with PET data. 113 younger and 110 older healthy individuals were separately selected for two age groups, from a physical examination database. Corresponding brain functional networks of the two groups were constructed by thresholding average cerebral glucose metabolism correlation matrices of 90 regions and analysed using graph theoretical approaches. Although both groups showed normal small-world architecture in the PET networks, increased clustering and decreased efficiency were found in older subjects, implying a degeneration process that brain system shifts from a small-world network to regular one along with normal aging. Moreover, normal senescence was related to changed nodal centralities predominantly in association and paralimbic cortex regions, e.g. increasing in orbitofrontal cortex (middle) and decreasing in left hippocampus. Additionally, the older networks were about equally as robust to random failures as younger counterpart, but more vulnerable against targeted attacks. Finally, methods in the construction of the PET networks revealed reasonable robustness. Our findings enhanced the understanding about the topological principles of PET networks and changes related to normal aging.