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This study examines how online gamification for environmental protection influences university students’ organisational citizenship behaviour toward the environment (OCBE). Grounded in the Cognitive Affective Personality System (CAPS) theory, it investigates how environmental responsibility and environmental passion jointly mediate this relationship through cognitive and affective pathways. Using a dual-mediation framework and survey data from university students engaged with online environmental gamification platforms, the study evaluates both the direct and indirect effects of gamification on OCBE. The results indicate that gamification positively predicts OCBE, operating not only through a direct effect but also through indirect effects via strengthened environmental responsibility and heightened environmental passion. These findings provide empirical evidence for the dual cognitive affective mechanism underlying OCBE. By applying CAPS theory to a digital behavioural context, this research identifies gamification as an effective contextual trigger for pro-environmental organisational behaviour. The study contributes to the sustainable behaviour literature by clarifying how digital gamified environments can foster continuous engagement and offers practical guidance for universities and platform designers to promote students’ participation in green initiatives through the co-activation of responsibility and passion.

Building on social identity theory (SIT), this study investigates how socially responsible human resource management (SRHRM) shapes employees’ organizational citizenship behavior for the environment (OCBE). The proposed framework suggests that felt responsibility for the environment (FRE) serves as a psychological bridge between SRHRM and OCBE, while environmentally specific servant leadership (ESL) strengthens this linkage. Using three waves of matched data collected from 236 full-time employees across manufacturing, service, and technology firms in China, the study applies hierarchical regression and bootstrapping techniques to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that SRHRM has a significant positive effect on OCBE, and this relationship is partly explained by employees’ FRE. In addition, higher levels of ESL amplify the positive association between SRHRM and FRE and reinforce the overall indirect effect on OCBE, producing a statistically meaningful moderated mediation pattern. These findings add to existing knowledge by clarifying the psychological process through which SRHRM encourages employees’ voluntary pro-environmental actions. The study also underscores the role of leadership in shaping the impact of SRHRM, offering organizations practical directions for nurturing a culture of environmental responsibility.

Salinomycin (SAL) and lasalocid (LAS) are widely used as ionophore antibiotics for coccidiosis control. However, their common use as feed additives has led to the occurrence of feed cross-contamination, which has toxic effects on non-target animals. There have been few reports on multiple-residue detection for SAL and LAS in recent years. In this study, two single-chain antibody fragments (scFvs) capable of specifically recognizing SAL and LAS were constructed. Using LAS-scFv and SAL-scFv as parent antibodies, a complete bispecific single-chain diabody (scDb) against both LAS and SAL was built using splicing by overlap extension polymerase chain reaction (SOE-PCR). In addition, the key amino acid sites and interaction energy of antibody variable regions for small-molecule recognition were preliminarily studied by homology modeling and molecular docking. Finally, IC50 values of 12.9 and 8.6 ng/mL, with a linear range of 6.9–24.0 and 4.7–16.0 ng/mL, were obtained for LAS-scFv and SAL-scFv, respectively. An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) method was established using scDb to obtain an IC50 of 3.5 ng/mL for LAS and 4.1 ng/mL for SAL, which showed better sensitivity and specificity than those of the parent scFv antibodies. The recoveries of LAS and SAL in chicken liver were 89.2–92.7%(CV<4.7%) and 88.6–90.2% (CV<6.8%)), respectively.

Fever has long been recognized as one of the earliest clinical indicators of illness and remains a leading reason for seeking medical care worldwide. It is typically classified based on its duration and underlying etiology. In clinical settings, intractable fever is as common as acute fever, particularly in patients with brain injuries. Beyond infectious causes, stroke survivors often experience recurrent intractable fever due to central or neurogenic mechanisms. This study aims to retrospectively investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of acute and intractable fever in patients undergoing stroke rehabilitation. It explores the associations between these characteristics and the different types of fever. Additionally, the study seeks to identify potential risk factors contributing to the development of intractable fever, aiming to guide clinical management and optimize treatment strategies for stroke-related fever. This study evaluated 1,065 stroke patients in the rehabilitation phase who were admitted to the Neurorehabilitation Center between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2023. Of these, 230 febrile patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis, comprising 194 cases of acute fever and 36 cases of intractable fever. Medical records and clinical characteristics were collected, and the data from the two groups of febrile patients were analyzed using t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and chi-square tests. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with intractable fever, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive performance of individual and combined risk factors. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 15.7% of patients experienced intractable fever, which was significantly associated with brainstem lesions ( P  < 0.05). Compared to patients with acute fever, those with intractable fever had higher NIHSS scores (33.3% vs. 15.5%, P  < 0.05), a greater incidence of consciousness disorders (66.7% vs. 28.9%, P  < 0.05), and a higher rate of tracheostomy (55.6% vs. 15.5%, P  < 0.05). All patients received antibiotic treatment, and gabapentin was administered to 16 cases. Patients with brainstem lesions were less likely to be treated with gabapentin (37.5% vs. 90%, P  < 0.05), while those with intracerebral hemorrhage were more likely to receive gabapentin (87.5% vs. 10%, P  < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that consciousness disorders and tracheostomy status were significant risk factors for intractable fever ( P  = 0.047, OR 6.691, 95% CI 1.030–43.478; P  = 0.021, OR 5.366, 95% CI 1.282–22.465). Brainstem lesions also significantly increased the risk ( P  = 0.002, OR 9.617, 95% CI 2.277–40.614). Although limited in scope, this retrospective study highlights the increased risk of intractable fever during stroke rehabilitation among patients with consciousness disorders, tracheostomy, and brainstem injuries. The key risk factors identified include higher NIHSS scores, impaired consciousness, tracheostomy status, and brainstem lesions.

There has been a significant increase in the number of diagnostic and predictive models for myelitis. These models aim to provide clinicians with more accurate diagnostic tools and predictive methods through advanced data analysis and machine learning techniques. However, despite the growing number of such models, their effectiveness in clinical practice and their quality and applicability in future research remain unclear. To conduct a comprehensive methodological assessment of existing literature concerning myelitis modeling methodologies. We queried PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase for publications through October 23, 2024. Extracted parameters covered: study design, data origin, outcome criteria, cohort size, predictors, modeling techniques, and validation metrics. Methodological quality was evaluated using the PROBAST instrument, assessing potential biases and clinical applicability. Among the 11 included studies, six focused on predictive diagnostic models, while five were centered on prognostic models. Modeling approaches comprised: logistic regression (n=6), Cox regression (n=2), deep learning (n=1), joint modeling (n=1), and hybrid machine learning/scoring algorithms (n=1). Multivariable logistic regression was the most frequently employed modeling algorithm in the current field. The most commonly used predictors for training diagnostic or prognostic models in myelitis were sex (n=6) and age (n=4). PROBAST evaluation indicated: (1) High bias risk (n=6): primarily from suboptimal data sourcing and analytical reporting gaps; (2) Unclear risk (n=4): mainly due to non-transparent analytical workflows; (3) Low risk (n=1). Pooled AUC for eight validated models reached 0.83 (95%CI: 0.75-0.91), demonstrating robust discriminative capacity. Although existing models demonstrate good discrimination in predicting myelitis, according to the PROBAST criteria, only one study exhibited a low risk of bias; analysis of data accessibility indicated that the model from only one study was directly available for public use. Consequently, future research should prioritize the development of models with larger cohort sizes, rigorous methodological design, high reporting transparency, and validation through multicenter external studies, enabling direct clinical translation to enhance their application value in clinical practice and improve healthcare delivery. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024623714.

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are critical for promoting joint and surrounding soft tissue damage in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). β-Sitosterol has the potential to attenuate RA; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of β-Sitosterol on the biological functions of FLSs. FLSs were isolated from the synovial tissues of patients with RA, and cellular behaviors were evaluated using cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine, scratch test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The binding between β-Sitosterol and LDHA was evaluated using molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance. The lactylation of GPI was identified using immunoprecipitation (IP), western blotting, and protein stability assay. The results showed that β-Sitosterol suppressed FLS proliferation, migration, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. Next, we found that β-Sitosterol bound to LDHA and decreased its protein levels. Moreover, overexpression of LDHA elevated the lactylation levels of GPI and increased GPI protein levels. Knockdown of GPI abrogated the effects on cellular behaviors induced by LDHA. In conclusion, β-Sitosterol inhibits the proliferation, migration, and inflammatory response of FLSs by suppressing LDHA-mediated lactylation of GPI, thereby attenuating RA. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of β-Sitosterol and suggest β-Sitosterol may be a therapeutic agent for RA.

A substantial body of evidence indicates that stroke is a primary cause of death and disability on a global scale. The presence of post-stroke depression has been demonstrated to exert a substantial influence on the prognosis of stroke patients, underscoring the imperative for the identification and early prevention of post-stroke depression. The objective of this study was to examine the association between cardiac history and post-stroke depression (PSD) in Chinese stroke patients, with the aim of identifying high-risk groups, promoting early intervention strategies, and enhancing patient prognosis. This study was based on data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which included 933 respondents with a history of stroke. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the effects of cardiac history and other variables on post-stroke depression (PSD). The results indicated a correlation between cardiac history and post-stroke depression (PSD). In addition, the data showed that gender, activities of daily living (ADLs), cognitive functioning, and life satisfaction also had an effect on post-stroke depression (PSD). The findings presented here indicate that patients with a history of cardiac disease are more likely to develop post-stroke depression. This provides valuable insights into the clinical management of stroke patients and the prevention of post-stroke depression. The emotional health assessment of such patients should be emphasized in clinical management, and appropriate psychological support and interventions should be provided to improve their overall prognosis.

Background Enterobacter cloacae ( E. cloacae ) is one of the commensal flora in the human intestinal tract and a prevalent nosocomial pathogen, which rarely causes infectious osteoarthritis in immunocompetent patients without recent trauma or surgery. Here, we report the first case of septic monoarthritis of the shoulder caused by E. cloacae in an immunocompetent patient. Case presentation A 52-year-old female with a 6-year history of right shoulder pain was referred to our emergency department due to fever, acute severe shoulder pain, and swelling. Blood test showed elevated inflammatory markers. The patient denied any recent invasive surgical procedure and trauma. She was misdiagnosed with a frozen shoulder, and the anti-inflammatory painkiller celecoxib for symptomatic treatment was ineffective. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a shoulder joint abscess and supraspinatus tendon tear. The joint aspirate culture showed E. cloacae . After late diagnosis, she was treated with levofloxacin and underwent surgical debridement and irrigation. Her follow-up data revealed that she did not suffer from shoulder swelling and severe pain. Conclusion This is a rare case of E. cloacae infected arthritis of the shoulder in an immunocompetent patient with a rotator cuff tear, indicating that even if the symptoms and age of the patients match the characteristics of frozen shoulder, the possibility of septic arthritis should be considered in the presence of fever and increasing inflammatory markers. The cases of our literature review suggest that the patients subjected to invasive procedure may develop a subsequent E. cloacae osteoarticular infection, regardless of being asymptomatic after the procedure.

This study was performed to investigate and compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of tylvalosin tartrate in broiler chickens following oral administration of a nanocrystal suspension (PO-NM) or a soluble powder formulation (PO-SP), with intravenous administration (IV) of tylvalosin tartrate serving as the reference standard. A total of 30 healthy broiler chickens were randomly allocated into three groups (PO-NM, PO-SP, and IV; n = 10). Tylvalosin was administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight (BW), and blood samples were collected at multiple time points from 0 to 24 h post-administration. Plasma concentrations of tylvalosin were quantified using a validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using non-compartmental analysis. The results showed no significant differences in the terminal elimination half-life (t1/2λz) and mean residence time (MRT) between the two oral formulations. However, the time to maximum concentration (Tmax) of PO-NM (0.71 ± 0.09 h) was significantly shorter than that of PO-SP (1.42 ± 0.18 h) (p < 0.05), while the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of PO-NM (255.52 ± 111.88 ng/mL) was markedly higher than that of PO-SP (120.45 ± 45.82 ng/mL) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the absolute bioavailability (F) of PO-NM (15.73 ± 4.29%) showed a modest increase compared with PO-SP (11.45 ± 4.66%); however, this difference did not reach statistical significance. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the PO-NM formulation achieved faster absorption, higher peak plasma levels, and greater systemic exposure compared with PO-SP, without significantly altering the elimination process. Overall, nanoparticle formulation appears to enhance the oral pharmacokinetic performance of tylvalosin in broiler chickens, potentially reducing residue risks and offering substantial application value in poultry medicine.

Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium,, transitions from oral commensal to systemic pathogen in colorectal cancer (CRC), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), arthritis, and preterm birth. This review synthesizes Fn’s subspecies-specific pathogenic mechanisms. Its virulence factors enable immune evasion, inflammation modulation, and tumor progression. In the gastrointestinal tract, Fn disrupts intestinal barrier integrity through paracellular and apoptotic pathways, activates Th17/ T regulatory (Treg) immune balance alterations, and induces macrophage polarization. Moreover, Fn’s role in tumorigenesis involves biofilm formation and metabolic regulation. Within microbial networks, Fn exhibits both synergistic and antagonistic interactions. It collaborates with pathogens like Clostridioides difficile and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to enhance infection, while being inhibited by probiotics such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Akkermansia muciniphila . Notably, microbial metabolites like butyrate and hydrogen sulfide display context-dependent roles—some may drive disease progression, while others may suppress it. This comprehensive review highlights Fn’s pathogenicity and its complex interactions within microbial communities, offering novel interventions for microbiota-driven pathologies.