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قبلات لينين : رواية
كان الخريف مشرقا على نهايته وقمر ضئيل شحيح المحصود التي ينبعث منها أريج يجتاح العالم ورائحه التراب النفاذة هناك مكث جالسا مبهوتا كأنما حرص على أن يعتذر اعتذرات عميقة كبئر قرص فخذه ولطما بوحشية عدة مرات قبل أن يبحثه على ركبتيه ويركع ثلاث ركعات شطر ما يقترض أنه اتجاه روسيا رأس الرجل العظيم.
Book
A hybrid algorithm of grey wolf optimizer and harris hawks optimization for solving global optimization problems with improved convergence performance
The grey wolf optimizer is an effective and well-known meta-heuristic algorithm, but it also has the weaknesses of insufficient population diversity, falling into local optimal solutions easily, and unsatisfactory convergence speed. Therefore, we propose a hybrid grey wolf optimizer (HGWO), based mainly on the exploitation phase of the harris hawk optimization. It also includes population initialization with Latin hypercube sampling, a nonlinear convergence factor with local perturbations, some extended exploration strategies. In HGWO, the grey wolves can have harris hawks-like flight capabilities during position updates, which greatly expands the search range and improves global searchability. By incorporating a greedy algorithm, grey wolves will relocate only if the new location is superior to the current one. This paper assesses the performance of the hybrid grey wolf optimizer (HGWO) by comparing it with other heuristic algorithms and enhanced schemes of the grey wolf optimizer. The evaluation is conducted using 23 classical benchmark test functions and CEC2020. The experimental results reveal that the HGWO algorithm performs well in terms of its global exploration ability, local exploitation ability, convergence speed, and convergence accuracy. Additionally, the enhanced algorithm demonstrates considerable advantages in solving engineering problems, thus substantiating its effectiveness and applicability.
Journal Article
A Dual-Channel and Multi-Sensor Fusion Framework for Coal Mine Image Dehazing
Due to dust, haze and uneven lighting conditions, images captured in coal mines frequently suffer severe quality degradation. Traditional dehazing methods typically overlook color characteristics and employ single algorithms, and deep-learning-based approaches require substantial training data and demand high hardware specifications, which restricts their dehazing performance and efficiency. This research proposes an efficient image dehazing framework. This method integrates bright and dark channel information to derive contrast feature values based on their linear differences. These values reflect dust concentration levels in the environment. By incorporating dust sensor data, the adaptive scaling coefficient and dust compensation terms are established. The adaptive scaling coefficient serves as a dynamic pixel selection ratio during ambient light estimation, effectively preserving the brightest pixel points. The global color mean functions as the criterion for determining image color characteristics, distinguishing between color images and low-light grayscale images to enable different dehazing approaches. This process achieves state verification and information complementarity between visual perception and dust measurement. The weighted fusion of bright and dark channels yields more accurate estimation for ambient light and transmission. Additionally, a weighted guided filter is designed with dust compensation terms incorporated. Ablation studies were conducted to validate the effectiveness of this method in enhancing image features. Finally, comparative experiments were performed using a self-constructed coal mine hazy image dataset, along with SOTS-indoor and SOTS-outdoor datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared with other state-of-the-art methods, this method effectively removes haze while restoring image features and details, exhibiting superior stability, adaptability, and computational efficiency.
Journal Article
تدويل العملات والتحكم الكلي بالمخاطر المالية
شهد الاقتصاد الصيني مؤخرا طبيعة جديدة مع الانتعاش الاقتصادي العالمي وديناميكية السوق المالي. ورغم الضغوطات الاقتصادية المحلية والعالمية وتغير قيمة العملة، لا يزال تدويل العملة في الصين يكتسب زخما كبيرا مع إطلاق المرحلة الأولى من نظام الحدود بين البنوك (CIPS) وتنفيذ مبادرة الحزام والطريق. من هنا، يعالج هذا الكتاب موضوع تدويل العملة في الصين والتحكم الكلي بالمخاطر المالية المحدقة، بهدف إلقاء الضوء على أسباب تقدم الاقتصاد الصيني، وإعطاء القارئ لمحة موجزة عن السياسة الحكيمة التي اعتمدتها حكومة جمهورية الصين الشعبية للنهوض باقتصادها والوصول به إلى مصاف الدول المتقدمة.
Extracellular ATP promotes angiogenesis and adhesion of TNBC cells to endothelial cells via upregulation of CTGF
Our previous works have indicated that extracellular ATP is an important prometastasis factor. However, the molecular mechanism involved needs to be further studied. We demonstrated that extracellular ATP treatment could upregulate the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in both triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and endothelial cells (ECs). Extracellular ATP stimulated the migration of TNBC cells and ECs, and angiogenesis of ECs via the P2Y2––YAP‐CTGF axis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stimulated TNBC cell adhesion to ECs and transmigration through the EC layer via CTGF by upregulation of integrin β1 on TNBC cells and VCAM‐1 on ECs. Both apyrase (ATP‐diphosphohydrolase) and CTGF shRNA treatments could inhibit the metastasis of inoculated tumors to lung and liver in a mouse model, and these treated tumors had fewer blood vessels. Collectively, our data indicated that extracellular ATP promotes tumor angiogenesis and the interactions between TNBC cells and ECs through upregulation of CTGF, thereby stimulating TNBC metastasis. The pleiotropic effects of ATP in angiogenesis and cell adhesion suggest that extracellular ATP or CTGF could be an effective target for TNBC therapy. The proposed model for the ATP–CTGF axis in TNBC invasion and metastasis. ATP upregulates CTGF expression and secretion in TNBC cells and ECs. For TNBC cells, secreted CTGF enhanced their migration and integrin β1 expression. For EC cells, secreted CTGF enhanced their migration and angiogenesis, as well as VCAM‐1 expression. The upregulated integrin β1 and VCAM‐1 promoted TNBC cell adhesion to ECs and transmigration through the ECs layer.
Journal Article
Extracellular ATP promotes breast cancer invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition via hypoxia‐inducible factor 2α signaling
Extracellular ATP has been shown to play an important role in invasion and the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in breast cancer; however, the mechanism is unclear. Here, by using a cDNA microarray, we demonstrated that extracellular ATP could stimulate hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) signaling and upregulate hypoxia‐inducible factor 1/2α (HIF‐1/2α) expression. After knocking down HIF‐1/2α using siRNA, we found that ATP‐driven invasion and EMT were significantly attenuated via HIF2A‐siRNA in breast cancer cells. By using ChIP assays, we revealed that the biological function of extracellular ATP in invasion and EMT process depended on HIF‐2α direct targets, among which lysyl oxidase‐like 2 (LOXL2) and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) mediated ATP‐driven invasion, and E‐cadherin and Snail mediated ATP‐driven EMT, respectively. In addition, using silver staining and mass spectrometry, we found that phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) could interact with HIF‐2α and mediate ATP‐driven HIF‐2α upregulation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that expressions of HIF‐2α and its target proteins could be regulated via ATP by AKT‐PGK1 pathway. Using a Balb/c mice model, we illustrated the function of HIF‐2α in promoting tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Moreover, by exploring online databases, we found that molecules involved in ATP‐HIF‐2α signaling were highly expressed in human breast carcinoma tissues and were associated with poor prognosis. Altogether, these findings suggest that extracellular ATP could promote breast carcinoma invasion and EMT via HIF‐2α signaling, which may be a potential target for future anti–metastasis therapy. ATP could upregulate HIF‐2α via P2Y2‐AKT‐PGK1 signaling, provoking HIF‐2α targets, among which LOXL2 and MMP‐9 mediate ATP‐driven invasion, and E‐cadherin and Snail mediate ATP‐driven EMT. Therefore, ATP‐HIF‐2α signaling may be a potential target for future anti–metastasis therapy.
Journal Article
Dihydroartemisinin alleviates AngII-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and inflammatory response by blocking the FTO/NR4A3 axis
ObjectiveInflammation and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), induced by angiotensin II (AngII) and other growth factors, play important roles in the pathogenesis of hypertension, restenosis, and atherosclerosis. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) exhibits broad protective effects. However, the effects of DHA on AngII-induced inflammation and proliferation of VSMCs remain unknown.Materials and methodsAngII was used to construct VSMCs and vascular inflammation model in vitro and in vivo. The protective roles of DHA in inflammatory response and proliferation were evaluated through CCK-8, BrdU assay and immunofluorescence staining. The level of mRNA N6-methyladenosine was measured by m6A-RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) assay. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to investigate the relationship between FTO and its potential downstream signaling molecules.ResultsIn the present study, we found that DHA significantly suppressed AngII-induced proliferation of VSMCs and the expression of IL-6 and Ccl2 in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we confirmed that fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) plays a critical role in AngII-induced VSMC proliferation and inflammation. FTO knockdown increased the methylation level of NR4A3 mRNA, whereas FTO, but not mutated FTO overexpression, reduced the methylation level of NR4A3 mRNA. These results suggest that DHA plays a protective role in AngII-induced VSMC proliferation and the associated inflammation by inhibiting the FTO/NR4A3 axis.ConclusionOur findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of DHA and its critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertension-related vascular complications.
Journal Article
Biomechanical properties analysis of forme fruste keratoconus and subclinical keratoconus
PurposeTo analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography (subclinical keratoconus [SKC]).MethodsThis study included 153 eyes of 153 participants, including 95 eyes of patients with unilateral keratoconus, and 58 eyes of 58 healthy controls. Contralateral eyes with unilateral keratoconus were divided into two groups according to clinical manifestations and global consensus: FFKC (n = 30) and SKC (n = 65). The biomechanical characteristics were analyzed using non-parametric tests; further analysis thereof was performed after adjusting for confounding factors (i.e., intraocular pressure, age, and corneal thickness). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the ability of the biomechanical parameters to distinguish FFKC from SKC.ResultsStatistically significant differences between the FFKC and SKC groups were found in 9 of the 18 corneal biomechanical parameters analyzed using non-parametric tests. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate analysis still revealed significant statistical differences in A1-time (P = 0.017), integrated radius (IR) (P = 0.024), and tomographic and biomechanical index (TBI, P < 0.001) between the FFKC and SKC groups. Stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP-A1) (Area under ROC [AUROC] = 0.765) demonstrated the strongest distinguishing ability, except for TBI (AUROC = 0.858) and Corvis Biomechanical Index (AUROC = 0.849), however, there was no statistically significant difference in SP-A1 (P = 0.366) between FFKC and SKC.ConclusionsBiomechanical parameters A1-time and IR have a high diversity between FFKC and SKC, besides TBI, and may reflect more subtle changes in corneal biomechanical properties (BPs) preceding SP-A1. The BPs of SKC are weaker than FFKC, which might be a basic and clue for the classification and diagnosis of the severity of early keratoconus in terms of biomechanics.
Journal Article
Predictive model for acute respiratory distress syndrome events in ICU patients in China using machine learning algorithms: a secondary analysis of a cohort study
Background
To develop a machine learning model for predicting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) events through commonly available parameters, including baseline characteristics and clinical and laboratory parameters.
Methods
A secondary analysis of a multi-centre prospective observational cohort study from five hospitals in Beijing, China, was conducted from January 1, 2011, to August 31, 2014. A total of 296 patients at risk for developing ARDS admitted to medical intensive care units (ICUs) were included. We applied a random forest approach to identify the best set of predictors out of 42 variables measured on day 1 of admission.
Results
All patients were randomly divided into training (80%) and testing (20%) sets. Additionally, these patients were followed daily and assessed according to the Berlin definition. The model obtained an average area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.82 and yielded a predictive accuracy of 83%. For the first time, four new biomarkers were included in the model: decreased minimum haematocrit, glucose, and sodium and increased minimum white blood cell (WBC) count.
Conclusions
This newly established machine learning-based model shows good predictive ability in Chinese patients with ARDS. External validation studies are necessary to confirm the generalisability of our approach across populations and treatment practices.
Journal Article