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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perubahan fonem dan suku kata yang berlaku terhadap perkataan pinjaman bahasa Arab berbanding perkataan asal bahasa Arab. Kajian juga dijalankan untuk menganalisis kaedah fonologi yang berkaitan dengan perkataan pinjaman bahasa Arab berbanding perkataan asal bahasa Arab. Teori Crowley (1987) yang berkaitan perubahan bunyi dirujuk untuk menganalisis data kajian. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandugan digunakan dalam kajian ini dan berbentuk deskriptif dalam bidang linguistik yang bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti perkataan pinjaman bahasa Arab yang mengalami peubahan vokal panjang menjadi pendek. Sampel kajian ini merupakan sebuah buku Pendidikan Moral Tingkatan Lima (PMTL) ditulis oleh Mohd Hilmie, Barati, dan Anuratha Bai tahun 2020. Sebanyak 20 kata pinjaman bahasa Arab didapati tertulis dalam sampel yang dikaji. Analisis mendapati vokal panjang berubah kepada vokal pendek kerana vokal panjang tidak terdpat dalam sistem fonetik bahasa Melayu. Pengurangan jumlah suku kata dalam bahasa Melayu tidak berlaku melainkan segmen sahaja yang berkurang hasil daripada perubahan tersebut. Perubahan vokal /ā/ paling banyak didapati dalam perkataan pinjaman yang berubah menjadi /a/, seterusnya vokal /ῑ/ yang berubah kepada /i/, dan akhir sekali vokal /ū/ yang berubah kepada /u/. Proses perubahan bunyi sound loss melalui syncope mengubah vokal panjang menjadi pendek kerana syncope menghilangkan satu segmen daripada perkataan di bahagian tengah, iaitu menggugurkan satu fonem vokal daripada fonem vokal panjang yang terbina daripada kata pinjaman bahasa Arab dalam PMTL.

The original form of a language is often changed when the language is borrowed into the target language. In Malay, one of the changes that can be observed is the reduction of syllable segments. The change results from integrating and adapting the source language to the target language for native-like adaptation. Therefore, this study investigates the reduction of syllable segments and phonological changes of syllable segments in Arabic loan verbs. The reduction of syllable segments refers to a segmental reduction in the first, second or third syllable. The phonological change of the syllable segment refers to the sound change that occurs when the syllable segment is reduced. This study uses Arabic loan verbs in Kamus Dewan Perdana as research data. The collected data was transcribed and 30 Arabic loanwords were found to have syllable segment reduction. The data is then analysed using the theory of sound change to determine the phonological changes that occur in the syllable segments in the Arabic loanwords. The study results show that there are 3 types of segmental reduction located in the first syllable, 26 verbs in the second syllable and 3 verbs in the third syllable. In addition, the study's results also show that phonological changes for syllable segments in Arabic loanwords occur through vowel adaptation, neutralization and scramble. These changes generally take the form of vowel adjustments that shorten the vowel sound of the original Arabic spelling, which accounts for most of the sound changes in syllable segment reduction.

This study investigates the interpretation of indirect speech in the Quran, where meanings often extend beyond what is explicitly stated. Misinterpretations can arise when the listener’s understanding differs from the speaker’s intended meaning, a challenge particularly evident in the Quran due to its complex rhetorical nature. Using Thomas’s (1995) Speaker’s Meaning Framework, the research conducts a document analysis from a pragmatic perspective, focusing on the oral discourse between Prophets and their people. The findings, supported by insights from reputable Quranic scholars, highlight that the speaker’s meaning in indirect speech is best understood by considering both context (including physical, environmental, social, cultural, and linguistic factors) and the speaker’s intention. The study concludes that interpretation methods can be divided into those based on context and intention, and those based solely on intention. These insights are significant for guiding readers of the Quran in accurately interpreting indirect speech.

Arabic has three main vowels, which are the vowel /a/ (fathah), the vowel /i/ (kasrah), and the vowel /u/ (dˁammah). This study analyses the vowels of the Arabic Present Tense in jafʕal form which is related to the arrangement of letters. This study aims at helping Arabic language students who have difficulty determining the correct vowel of the three vowel fractions. In addition, this study can help linguists in general and Arabic linguists in particular to determine the vowel reading of the letter ʕayn (ع) on the active verb pattern of modern Arabic jafʕal which is divided into vowels /a/ (fathah), vowel /i/ (kasrah), and the vowel /u/ (dˁammah). This study applies a qualitative method. Al-Khali:l dictionary and al-MaɁaniy online dictionary were referred for data collection. Three syllable active verbs were analyzed as vowels for these three syllable active verbs in Arabic will change to three different vowels in the Present Tense of the verb. Based on the phonological method proposed by El-Wadi (2005), the analysis focused on the arrangement of the letters ʕayn (ع) in the Past Tense verb which is processed from the phonological method pioneered by Chomsky and Halle (1968). Clearly, the findings of the study have shown that there are effects on the vowel on the ʕayn (ع) active verb of the Arabic Present Tense caused by the arrangement of ʕayn (ع) on the active Arabic verb of the past. At the same time, this study provides an alternative that shows that the vowels at the position of the letter ʕayn (ع) of the active Arabic verb of the present time are non-random.

Arabic has three main vowels, which are the vowel /a/ (fathah), the vowel HI (kasrah), and the vowel /u/ (drammah). This study analyses the vowels of the Arabic Present Tense mjaffal form which is related to the arrangement of letters. This study aims at helping Arabic language students who have difficulty determining the correct vowel of the three vowel fractions. In addition, this study can help linguists in general and Arabic linguists in particular to determine the vowel reading of the letter fayn (£) on the active verb pattern of modern Arabic jaffal which is divided into vowels /a/ (fathah), vowel /i/ (kasrah), and the vowel /u/ (drammah). This study applies a qualitative method. Al-Khali:l dictionary and al-Ma?aniy online dictionary were referred for data collection. Three syllable active verbs were analyzed as vowels for these three syllable active verbs in Arabic will change to three different vowels in the Present Tense of the verb. Based on the phonological method proposed by El-Wadi (2005), the analysis focused on the arrangement of the letters fayn (£) in the Past Tense verb which is processed from the phonological method pioneered by Chomsky and Halle (1968). Clearly, the findings of the study have shown that there are effects on the vowel on the fayn (£) active verb of the Arabic Present Tense caused by the arrangement of fayn (£) on the active Arabic verb of the past. At the same time, this study provides an alternative that shows that the vowels at the position of the letter fayn (£) of the active Arabic verb of the present time are non-random.

Kajian ini membincangkan aplikasi strategi terjemahan ungkapan idiomatik Arab ke bahasa Melayu. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti persamaan dan perbezaan yang terdapat dalam ungkapan idiomatik antara bahasa Arab dan bahasa Melayu berdasarkan penggunaan simbol anggota badan dan menganalisis strategi terjemahan yang boleh diaplikasi oleh penterjemah untuk menterjemah ungkapan idiomatik tersebut. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan menggunakan analisis kontrastif untuk untuk membandingkan ungkapan idiomatik antara bahasa Arab dan bahasa Melayu berdasarkan penggunaan simbol anggota badan. Perbandingan ini dilakukan berdasarkan tiga ciri utama iaitu simbol, sifat dan makna. Hasil perbandingan itu membentuk lima kriteria berikut: Pertama, simbol, sifat dan makna yang sama; kedua, simbol dan makna yang sama, tetapi sifat yang berbeza; ketiga, sifat dan makna yang sama, tetapi simbol berbeza; keempat, simbol dan sifat yang sama, tetapi berbeza makna dan kelima, makna yang sama tetapi simbol dan sifat yang berbeza. Di samping itu, artikel ini juga cuba mengaplikasi strategi terjemahan metafora yang diperkenalkan oleh Larson (1984). Terdapat lima strategi terjemahan metafora yang boleh diaplikasikan dalam terjemahan ungkapan idiomatik, iaitu: Pertama, mengekalkan metafora bahasa sumber; kedua, menterjemah metafora bahasa sumber menggunakan perumpamaan; ketiga, Menggantikan bentuk metafora bahasa sumber dengan bentuk kiasan bahasa sasaran yang mempunyai makna yang sama; keempat, mengekalkan metafora seperti bentuk asalnya dalam bahasa sumber bersama penjelasan makna dan kelima, menterjemah metafora tanpa mengekalkan imej atau unsur-unsur kiasan bahasa sumber. Kajian ini memberi pendedahan kepada penterjemahan berkenaan strategi yang sesuai untuk diaplikasi dalam terjemahan ungkapan idiomatik dari bahasa Arab ke bahasa Melayu.