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To prevent and reduce inactivity, the World Health Organization (WHO) designed a global plan called Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018–2030 (GAPPA) in 2017. In this plan and according to the state of physical activity in 2016, actions and goals were set. However, the world is facing a COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected various aspects of lifestyle, including physical activity. Some studies have shown that physical activity reduced during the pandemic. For this reason, the WHO should review the GAPPA and update goals and actions according to the state of physical activity in 2020.

Whether the presence of adsorbates increases or decreases thermal conductivity in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been an open question. Here we report observations of thermal transport in the metal-organic framework HKUST-1 in the presence of various liquid adsorbates: water, methanol, and ethanol. Experimental thermoreflectance measurements were performed on single crystals and thin films, and theoretical predictions were made using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the thermal conductivity of HKUST-1 decreases by 40 – 80% depending on the adsorbate, a result that cannot be explained by effective medium approximations. Our findings demonstrate that adsorbates introduce additional phonon scattering in HKUST-1, which particularly shortens the lifetimes of low-frequency phonon modes. As a result, the system thermal conductivity is lowered to a greater extent than the increase expected by the creation of additional heat transfer channels. Finally, we show that thermal diffusivity is even more greatly reduced than thermal conductivity by adsorption. Metal-organic frameworks are attractive adsorbents for gas storage and separations, but appropriate heat dissipation is important for practical application. Here the authors use experiment and theory to show the impact of liquid adsorbates on thermal transport in metal-organic frameworks.

•Peripheral venous pressure (PVP) measurement provides a noninvasive, bedside assessment of vascular congestion that could enhance fluid management without the risks of invasive monitoring.•This study investigates whether PVP-guided diuretic therapy is superior to standard care in managing heart failure (HF) patients, specifically in improving decongestion outcomes.•The primary endpoint is a composite of all-cause mortality, hospitalizations, and emergency department visits. Secondary outcomes include cardiovascular mortality, HF-related hospitalizations, and emergency department visits.•If successful, this study could significantly improve HF management by enabling more precise, individualized diuretic therapy, reducing rehospitalizations, and improving long-term outcomes related to vascular congestion and renal function. Congestive symptoms are the primary cause of hospitalizations in heart failure (HF), and diuretics remain the cornerstone of their management. However, clinical practice varies widely due to a lack of a reliable measure of congestion guiding diuretic use. Consequently, many HF patients are discharged prematurely without adequate decongestion, leading to increased readmissions and mortality. Peripheral venous pressure (PVP) has emerged as a promising noninvasive measure of vascular congestion. This study will enroll 650 patients aged 18-99 years admitted with de novo or acutely decompensated chronic HF. In the standard care arm, diuretic dosing and discharge decisions will be at the physician's discretion. In the PVP-guided arm, the goal is to maintain a PVP of <9 mmHg, with diuretic dosing adjusted based on daily PVP changes and urine output. The primary outcome is a composite of all-cause mortality, hospitalizations, and emergency department visits, with secondary outcomes including cardiovascular mortality and HF-related readmissions. We hypothesize that PVP-guided diuretic therapy will provide more precise and effective decongestion than standard care, reducing rehospitalizations and mortality. In conclusion, this study will offer valuable insights into the relationship between diuretic therapy, vascular congestion, and cardiac and renal outcomes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06495892

Objective: Laryngeal mask airways and the I-gel have become increasingly popular for children undergoing minor surgery. The goal of our study is to compare I-gel and ProSeal laryngeal mask airways (LMA) in infants by analysing different parameters, such as insertion success, ventilation, haemodynamic changes and postoperative complications. Methods: For this prospective, randomised study, we selected 123 infants with an American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) status I, who were undergoing minor elective lower abdominal surgery. After obtaining verbal and written informed consent from the parents, the infants were divided into two groups: the I-gel group (n=60) and the ProSeal LMA group (n=63). The times and ease of insertion, percentages of tidal volume leakage, and means and leakage pressures of these two supraglottic airways were noted. The complications and side-effects of each method were also recorded. Results: The insertion time of the ProSeal group was statistically shorter than that of the I-gel group. The peak and mean pressures and the leakage percentage of the ProSeal group were statistically lower than those of the I-gel group. The leakage pressure of the ProSeal group was statistically higher than the I-gel group. Conclusion: In comparison with I-gel, the use of ProSeal LMA in infants’ anaesthesia presents many advantages, such as the ease of its insertion, better oropharyngeal leakage pressure and less mucosal hyperaemia.

This study aimed to examine the effect of a tennis training program on improving attention. Methods: A total of 40 tennis players from a Tennis Club, 20 in the experimental group (EG) and 20 in the control group (CG), participated in the study. The EG athletes received 40 serve balls from the trainer twice a week for nine weeks. The researcher applied the “d2 attention test” to the EG and CG before and after the nine-week period. Results: After comparing the pretest and posttest attention averages of the experimental group, there was a significant difference in the TN, TN-E, and CP mean scores (p < 0.001). In the comparison of the pretest and posttest attention averages of the CG, there was no significant difference in the TN, TN-E, and CP mean scores (p > 0.05). The comparison of the pretest attention averages of the EG and CG revealed no significant difference in the TN, TN-E, and CP mean scores (p > 0.05). The comparison of the posttest attention averages of the EG and CG revealed a significant difference in the mean scores of TN, TN-E, and CP (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the posttest–pretest differences in the TN, TN-E, and CP values of the EG and CG (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The study concluded that tennis training aimed at developing attention improved the results in the attention test.

Objective: We compared the analgesic efficacy of ultrasonography (USG)-guided quadratus lumborum (QL) and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks in infants undergoing elective unilateral inguinal hernia surgery (IHS). Material and Methods: This single-center, randomized, single-blind, 2-arm clinical trial included 60 infants undergoing elective IHS (aged 1 month to 1 year) with ASA I–II. The patients were randomized into QL block (Group A) and TAP block (Group B) groups. For both groups, 0.3 mL/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine was injected under USG guidance. Age, sex, weight, anesthesia duration (min), surgery duration (min), and recovery duration (min) were recorded. The heart rate (HR) was recorded at baseline, after anesthesia induction, and at 15 and 30 min after the blocks. Postoperatively, patients were evaluated based on their Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scores at 0, 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h. We also recorded the first analgesic duration, analgesic requirement, rescue analgesic requirement, and complications. The primary outcome of the study was FLACC score. Results: Sixty patients completed the study protocol. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age, sex, weight, anesthesia duration, surgery duration, recovery duration, or FLACC score or HR in the first 24 h postoperatively. The analgesic requirement, first analgesic requirement time, and rescue analgesic requirement were not significantly different between the groups (p>0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusions: QL and TAP blocks showed similar analgesic efficacy in infants undergoing IHS.

The present study evaluated the effect of overwintered adult density and egg and adult parasitism rates on the new-generation population densities of the Sunn Pest (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) under field conditions. We quantified the abundance of overwintered adult densities and egg and adult parasitism rates in 20 one-ha unsprayed wheat fields in southeastern Turkey to assess their impact on nymphal instars, plus new-generation adult densities. The number of overwintered adults per square meter and the percent of egg parasitism rates were positively and negatively correlated with new-generation densities of the Sunn Pest, respectively. The results of multiple regression analysis produced the equation Y = 15.037 + 8.287 OW (overwintered adult) − 0.235 egg PR (parasitism rate). The findings suggest that the egg parasitoids may suppress nymphal instars plus new-generation adult densities of the Sunn Pest. The findings also suggest that the present formula can be used to determine the spraying areas in which densities reach economic threshold for the integrated Sunn Pest management program in wheat fields in Turkey.

Purpose: Central line care bundle comprises a few evidence-based interventions for improving patients' outcomes and recovery process. This semi-experimental study aimed to determine the effect of pediatric central line care bundle implementation on central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) rates. Materials and methods: A central line care bundle was implemented for pediatric surgery patients (n=70). Baseline observations were made to determine the central line care bundle compliance of healthcare professionals for 435 catheter days. Subsequently, physicians and nurses were educated about the central line care bundle. After the implementation period, 722 catheter days were observed to determine post-implementation compliance. Baseline CLABSI rates were compared with post-implementation CLABSI rates. Results: It was found that the entire central line care bundle compliance was 32.4% pre-implementation and 86.3% post-implementation. After education, the physicians' and nurses' central line care bundle compliance showed statistically significant improvement (p= 0.0001). There were five CLABSI events in the pre-implementation period and three CLABSI events in the post-implementation period. It was determined that the number of CLABSI decreased in the post-implementation period compared to the pre-implementation period, but this difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.207). Conclusions: Central line care bundle implementation decreased the CLABSI rates. It is recommended the Implementation of a central line care bundle on the care of pediatric surgery patients with the central venous catheter.

Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) has been implicated as a promising agent to reduce blood loss in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. The effects of intraoperative desmopressin were studied in 66 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, randomized equally into desmopressin and control groups. The desmopressin group received 0.3 microg/kg desmopressin at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass. Fibrinogen level of both groups significantly reduced at postoperative 2nd hr, whereas a significant rise was observed at postoperative 24th hr with an intergroup difference favoring the control group (p=0.0307). In the desmopressin group, the activation time of factor VIII shortened during the whole postoperative period being significant (p=0.0127) at postoperative 24th hr. Postoperative von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels of the desmopressin group were significantly higher than the preoperative ones. The control group did not show such important changes in factor VIII and vWF measurements. Platelet aggregation times of both groups prolonged at postoperative 2nd hr. The control group showed significant elevation in ADP induced aggregation time at 2nd hr and significant reductions of platelet activation percentage in response to ADP, epinephrine, collagen and ristocetin at 2nd hr. Postoperative blood loss as well as blood transfusion need did not differ between the two groups. Despite the improved platelet functions, desmopressin does not seem to have obvious beneficial effects on postoperative hemostasis in patients without any bleeding disorder and undergoing elective cardiac surgery.

A series of AlSi9Mg alloys were prepared and tested to reveal the effect of addition sequence and timing of grain refiner and eutectic modifier. AlSr10 master alloy was used as an modification reagent, and also for grain refiner AlTi5B master alloy was used. The depression at the eutectic temperature due to the addition of modifier and decrease in the amount of undercooling at the liquidus due to the presence of grain refiner were examined by the cooling curves which were obtained by the Alu-Therm instrument, which is the aluminum thermal analyzer of the Heraeus Electro-Nite.The alloys that were both modified and grain refined were subsequently poured as tensile test specimen shapes in permanent die casting mould for four times at 60 minutes time intervals, meanwhile thermal analysis of the alloys were also made.In this work the effect of grain refinement and modification agent, also the determination of the optimum time to pour after adding these agents were studied by aluminum thermal analyzer. The parameters obtained from this analyzer are compared with the microstructures; to see the effect of these agents on mechanical properties, hardness, tensile strength and percent elongation values were investigated.In this study the possibility of predicting the mechanical properties prior to casting by thermal analysis method was examined by regression analysis method. By this method relationship between thermal analysis parameters and mechanical properties was established.