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وفرة من العقارب : (رواية)
تتعرض تامبايا لحادثة سير تضطر معها للبحث عن مسكن جديد وعمل تُعيل به نفسها، فتأخذها الدروب المختلفة إلى أخيها وزوجته في غانا لتعيش فصلا متوترا آخر من حياتها، ثم تعود إلى نيجيريا للعمل في دار أيتام مع أمل أن تحقق الاستقرار وتجد السعادة مجددا. تتعرف من خلال أطفال الميتم، والحالات الإنسانية التي مروا بها، والأسر التي تتقدم بطلبات التبني لأحدهم دون الآخر، على المجتمع النيجيري بمختلف أطيافه الدينية والثقافية وكيف للسياسة في نيجيريا أن تؤثر على مفاصل الحياة حتى داخل الميتم. رواية \"وفرة من العقارب\" مستوحاة من تجربة الكاتبة الشخصية بعد عملها التطوعي في دار أيتام في أبوجا، ورغبتها في الكتابة عنهم.
Book
Discogenic Low Back Pain: Anatomy, Pathophysiology and Treatments of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major contributing factor for discogenic low back pain (LBP), causing a significant global disability. The IVD consists of an inner core proteoglycan-rich nucleus pulposus (NP) and outer lamellae collagen-rich annulus fibrosus (AF) and is confined by a cartilage end plate (CEP), providing structural support and shock absorption against mechanical loads. Changes to degenerative cascades in the IVD cause dysfunction and instability in the lumbar spine. Various treatments include pharmacological, rehabilitation or surgical interventions that aim to relieve pain; however, these modalities do not halt the pathologic events of disc degeneration or promote tissue regeneration. Loss of stem and progenitor markers, imbalance of the extracellular matrix (ECM), increase of inflammation, sensory hyperinnervation and vascularization, and associated signaling pathways have been identified as the onset and progression of disc degeneration. To better understand the pain originating from IVD, our review focuses on the anatomy of IVD and the pathophysiology of disc degeneration that contribute to the development of discogenic pain. We highlight the key mechanisms and associated signaling pathways underlying disc degeneration causing discogenic back pain, current clinical treatments, clinical perspective and directions of future therapies. Our review comprehensively provides a better understanding of healthy IVD and degenerative events of the IVD associated with discogenic pain, which helps to model painful disc degeneration as a therapeutic platform and to identify signaling pathways as therapeutic targets for the future treatment of discogenic pain.
Journal Article
On soliton solutions of time fractional form of Sawada–Kotera equation
Soliton solutions are of utmost importance among traveling wave solutions since they act as a bridge between mathematics and physics. This paper investigates time fractional form of fifth-order Sawada–Kotera equation resulting in different forms of exact and approximate soliton solutions including singular, periodic and dark soliton solutions. The time fractional derivative is used in the Caputo sense throughout the study. The effectiveness of trial equation method is seen in determining exact solutions, whereas residual power series method is employed for its high precision and reliability in calculating approximate solutions of the model. Multiple soliton solutions are also determined by the aid of Hirota’s method. The results are compared with a numerical method, and the graphical representation of all the obtained solutions is shown for different values of the fractional parameter. The time evolution of all solutions is also represented in 2D plots. These findings are highly encouraging to explore other nonlinear fractional models.
Journal Article
The Effect of Nanoparticle-Incorporated Natural-Based Biomaterials towards Cells on Activated Pathways: A Systematic Review
The advancement of natural-based biomaterials in providing a carrier has revealed a wide range of benefits in the biomedical sciences, particularly in wound healing, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Incorporating nanoparticles within polymer composites has been reported to enhance scaffolding performance, cellular interactions and their physico-chemical and biological properties in comparison to analogue composites without nanoparticles. This review summarized the current knowledge of nanoparticles incorporated into natural-based biomaterials with effects on their cellular interactions in wound healing. Although the mechanisms of wound healing and the function of specific cells in wound repair have been partially described, many of the underlying signaling pathways remain unknown. We also reviewed the current understanding and new insights into the wingless/integrated (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway and other signaling pathways of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Notch, and Sonic hedgehog during wound healing. The findings demonstrated that most of the studies reported positive outcomes of biomaterial scaffolds incorporated with nanoparticles on cell attachment, viability, proliferation, and migration. Combining therapies consisting of nanoparticles and biomaterials could be promising for future therapies and better outcomes in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Journal Article
Effects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium-spiked soils
The marigolds (
Tagetes
spp.) in this study were classified as excluders for cadmium (Cd); however, their leaves also accumulated substantial Cd content. Among the experimental treatments (i.e., control, cattle manure, pig manure, and leonardite which served as soil amendments), pig manure resulted in significantly increased growth performance for all marigold cultivars as seen by relative growth rates (119–132.3%) and showed positive effects on leaf anatomy modifications, e.g., thickness of spongy and palisade mesophyll, size of vein area and diameter of xylem cells. This may be due to substantially higher essential nutrient content, e.g., total nitrogen (N) and extractable phosphorus (P), in pig manure that aided all marigold cultivars, particularly the French cultivar which exhibited the highest relative growth rate (132.3%). In the Cd-only treatment, cell disorganization was observed in vascular bundles as well as in palisade and spongy mesophyll, which may have been responsible for the lowest plant growth performance recorded in this study, particularly among the American and Honey cultivars (RGR = 73% and 77.3%, respectively).
Journal Article
Permeability and Antifouling Augmentation of a Hybrid PVDF-PEG Membrane Using Nano-Magnesium Oxide as a Powerful Mediator for POME Decolorization
This study focused on developing a hydrophilic hybrid polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) hollow membrane by incorporating Nano-magnesium oxide (NMO) as a potent antifouling mediator. The Nano-hybrid hollow fibers with varied loading of NMO (0 g; 0.25 g; 0.50 g; 0.75 g and 1.25 g) were spun through phase inversion technique. The resultants Nano-hybrid fibers were characterized and compared based on SEM, EDX, contact angle, surface zeta-potential, permeability flux, fouling resistance and color rejection from palm oil mill effluent (POME). Noticeably, the permeability flux, fouling resistance and color rejection improved with the increase in NMO loading. PVDF-PEG with 0.50 g-NMO loading displayed an outstanding performance with 198.35 L/m2·h, 61.33 L/m2·h and 74.65% of water flux, POME flux and color rejection from POME, respectively. More so, a remarkable fouling resistance were obtained such that the flux recovery, reversible fouling percentage and irreversible fouling percentage remains relatively steady at 90.98%, 61.39% and 7.68%, respectively, even after 3 cycles of continuous filtrations for a total period of 9 h. However, at excess loading of 0.75 and 1.25 g-NMO, deterioration in the flux and fouling resistance was observed. This was due to the agglomeration of nanoparticles within the matrix structure at the excessive loading.
Journal Article
SBAS-InSAR based validated landslide susceptibility mapping along the Karakoram Highway: a case study of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
Geological settings of the Karakoram Highway (KKH) increase the risk of natural disasters, threatening its regular operations. Predicting landslides along the KKH is challenging due to limitations in techniques, a challenging environment, and data availability issues. This study uses machine learning (ML) models and a landslide inventory to evaluate the relationship between landslide events and their causative factors. For this, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Naive Bayes (NB), and K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) models were used. A total of 303 landslide points were used to create an inventory, with 70% for training and 30% for testing. Susceptibility mapping used Fourteen landslide causative factors. The area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) is employed to compare the accuracy of the models. The deformation of generated models in susceptible regions was evaluated using SBAS-InSAR (Small-Baseline subset-Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technique. The sensitive regions of the models showed elevated line-of-sight (LOS) deformation velocity. The XGBoost technique produces a superior Landslide Susceptibility map (LSM) for the region with the integration of SBAS-InSAR findings. This improved LSM offers predictive modeling for disaster mitigation and gives a theoretical direction for the regular management of KKH.
Journal Article
Foraging plant and palynological analysis of stingless bee pot-pollen in Pattani, Thailand
This is the first foraging plant and palynological study using pollen stored by Heterotrigona itama (Apidae: Meliponini) in the Saiburi, Pattani, Thailand. The samples were directly collected from the pollen pots of H. itama species in apiaries located in Saiburi district. The samples were dried, weighed, diluted in warm water and ethanol, centrifuged and then processed using the acetolysis method. After mounting the pollen samples on the glass slides, we identified and counted at least 500 pollen grains per sample. The results show that the main pollen combinations in the pollen pots of H. itama include pollen from Wedelia, Acacia, Cocos and Elaeis. Most pollen types came from the families Mimosasae, Graminae and Asteraceae family
Journal Article
Host immunity modulates the efficacy of microbiota transplantation for treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a successful therapeutic strategy for treating recurrent
Clostridioides difficile
infection. Despite remarkable efficacy, implementation of FMT therapy is limited and the mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate a critical role for the immune system in supporting FMT using a murine
C. difficile
infection system. Following FMT,
Rag1
heterozygote mice resolve
C. difficile
while littermate
Rag1
−/−
mice fail to clear the infection. Targeted ablation of adaptive immune cell subsets reveal a necessary role for CD4
+
Foxp3
+
T-regulatory cells, but not B cells or CD8
+
T cells, in FMT-mediated resolution of
C. difficile
infection. FMT non-responsive mice exhibit exacerbated inflammation, impaired engraftment of the FMT bacterial community and failed restoration of commensal bacteria-derived secondary bile acid metabolites in the large intestine. These data demonstrate that the host’s inflammatory immune status can limit the efficacy of microbiota-based therapeutics to treat
C. difficile
infection.
Transfer of a host’s microbiota by faecal microbiota transplantation has shown benefit in the context of recurrent
Clostridioides difficle
infection. Here the authors shows the inflammatory status of the recipient can impact on engraftment and the efficacy of the introduced microbiota in a model of
C.difficile
infection.
Journal Article
How They Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Restrictions? Reimagining COVID-19 Lockdowns-as-Liberative and Restorative: A Case Study of Somali Canadian Mothers
The site of \"one of the world's strictest and longest running stay-at-home mandates,\" lockdowns in Ontario have become a source of contention within provincial public discourse, often understood as restrictive, exhausting, and detestable. Amongst this, however, there exists a group of Ontarians for whom staying-at-home is conversely perceived as liberating and restorative--a group (n=29) of Somali Canadian mothers. Twenty-nine (n=29) individual interviews with Ottawa-based Somali mothers revealed a converging reality which diverges significantly from dominant public opinion: rather than restrictive and isolating, lockdowns are perceived by these women as liberative and restorative, for they offer a prolonged respite from the anti-Black racism and Islamophobia negotiated in settler colonial space. The locked down Somali home provides its doubly racialized (Black, Muslim) inhabitants the room to exist without consequence, in part by forging physical and psychic distance between Somali mothers, their kin, and the daily navigations of anti-Black and Islamophobic subordination. This paper engages a Black feminist lens to critically consider how mothers contend--in-house--with the marginalization their Black Muslim children negotiate in urban public space. By leaning on the Somali mothers' perceptions of lockdown, this work wages the salient argument that, for certain marginalized groups in settler colonial societies, private space provides considerably more liberation relative to their public counterpart. The first of its kind to read lockdowns-as-liberative and restorative, this article contributes to Black feminist sociology, Black Canadian geographies, as well as Somali diasporic studies writ large.
Journal Article