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تتزوج دورونتين بشاب من بلاد نائية، عكس الأعراف ورغم إرادة الأهل، باستثناء أخيها قسطنطين الذي أقسم بشرفيه \"البيسا\" أن يعيد دورونتين إلى والدتها كلما حنت إليها. ويشاء القدر أن يقتل أخوة دورونتين التسعة إثر معركة خاضوها ضد الغزاة. ويطوي الردى قسطنطين صاحب القسم. وبعد ثلاث سنوات على زفاف دورونتين تعود ذات ليلة إلى بيت أهلها برفقة فارس قالت إنه أخوها قسطنطين! أيكون الفارس الذي أعادها هو قسطنطين نفسه المزحزح قبره والقائم إلى قسمه، أم تراه زنديقا يقصد زرع الشقاق والبلبلة في صفوف المؤمنين ؟ \"من أعاد دورونتين\" هي بهذا المعنى رواية الأسئلة، ومغزل الروايات التي تحبك بخيط سري واحد هو الأسطورة.

In most wastewater systems, the existence of more than one dye is a reality. Herein, mesoporous iron oxide/polypyrrole/carbon black (Fe3O4/PPy/C) nanocomposite with high saturation magnetization (45.2 emu/g) has been prepared by encapsulating very fine Fe3O4 nanoparticles (4–7 nm) in PPy/C for the first time. The superior adsorption performance of the developed Fe3O4/PPy/C nanocomposite for the removal of basic dye (methylene blue, MB) and acidic dye (Congo red, CR) has been studied in single and binary systems. XRD, FESEM, EDX, HRTEM, FT-IR, VSM, BET, and zeta potential analyses were used for adsorbent characterization. XRD, EDX, and FT-IR findings confirmed the successful inclusion of Fe3O4 into the polymer matrix. The XDR and HRTEM results revealed a significant reduction in the size of the grown Fe3O4 with the addition of PPy/C, which acts as a particle growth inhibitor, and thus the nanocomposite has a greater surface area reached 341.01 m2/g relative to 210.66 m2/g and 277.59 m2/g for pure Fe3O4 and PPy/C, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm matched the experimental data quite well, with R2 and adsorption capacity of 0.994 and 500 mg/g for CR and 0.995 and 90.9 mg/g for MB, respectively. The effectiveness of Fe3O4/PPy/C nanocomposite to remove both CR and MB from binary solution reached 96.9% for CR and 95.9% for MB. In kinetic investigations, the sorption of both dyes obeyed the pseudo-second order model, where R2 equals 0.999 and 0.998 for CR and MB, respectively. Desorption tests revealed the easy separation and good efficiency of the nanocomposite after four cycles. Finally, the sorption mechanism was discussed in detail based on FTIR analysis. Therefore, the developed nanocomposite is a bi-functional, recyclable, and efficient adsorbent for environmental applications.

Issues on religious life, women, science, and politics in Malaysia from Islamic perspectives; collection of articles previously published in Utusan Malaysia newspaper during 2001 to 2003.

NO x abatement has been an indispensable part of environmental catalysis for decades. Selective catalytic reduction with ammonia using V 2 O 5 /TiO 2 is an important technology for removing NO x emitted from industrial facilities. However, it has been a huge challenge for the catalyst to operate at low temperatures, because ammonium bisulfate (ABS) forms and causes deactivation by blocking the pores of the catalyst. Here, we report that physically mixed H-Y zeolite effectively protects vanadium active sites by trapping ABS in micropores. The mixed catalysts operate stably at a low temperature of 220 °C, which is below the dew point of ABS. The sulfur resistance of this system is fully maintained during repeated aging/regeneration cycles because the trapped ABS easily decomposes at 350 °C. Further investigations reveal that the pore structure and the amount of framework Al determined the trapping ability of various zeolites. V-based NO x abatement systems are limited in operating at low-temperatures due to the formation of ammonium bisulfate that blocks active sites of catalysts. Here, the authors report that physically mixed zeolites trap ammonium bisulfate in their micropores, thereby protecting the catalysts.

Rice straw is made up of hemicelluloses (19–27%), celluloses (32–47%), lignin (5–24%), and ash (13–20%), which are all agricultural waste. Rice straw ash is considered a green/eco-friendly source of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ). This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of different mesoporous SiO 2 nanostructures derived from rice straw waste material through controlling the pH of the extraction process for the first time. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), zeta potential, and surface area analyzer were used to examine the produced materials. Amorphous silica nanostructures, S3 and S7, were produced at pH values of 3 and 7, respectively, according to XRD measurement, whereas higher pH causes the production of crystalline silica (S9). The pH of the extraction has a major effect on the morphology of the resultant nanosilica, as S3 has an irregular shape, S7 is made of distorted spherical particles, and S9 is composed of mixed fiber and spherical particle structures. For pollutant removal, greenly produced SiO 2 nanostructures were used. The optimal mesoporous nanosilica (S9) demonstrated the highest surface roughness, the largest surface area (262.1 m 2 /g), the most negative zeta potential (− 20.2 mV), and the best dye adsorption capacity (71.4 mg/g).

Soon after they were first described in 1990, aptamers were largely recognized as a new class of biological ligands that can rival antibodies in various analytical, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications. Aptamers are short single-stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides capable of folding into complex 3D structures, enabling them to bind to a large variety of targets ranging from small ions to an entire organism. Their high binding specificity and affinity make them comparable to antibodies, but they are superior regarding a longer shelf life, simple production and chemical modification, in addition to low toxicity and immunogenicity. In the past three decades, aptamers have been used in a plethora of therapeutics and drug delivery systems that involve innovative delivery mechanisms and carrying various types of drug cargos. However, the successful translation of aptamer research from bench to bedside has been challenged by several limitations that slow down the realization of promising aptamer applications as therapeutics at the clinical level. The main limitations include the susceptibility to degradation by nucleases, fast renal clearance, low thermal stability, and the limited functional group diversity. The solution to overcome such limitations lies in the chemistry of aptamers. The current review will focus on the recent arts of aptamer chemistry that have been evolved to refine the pharmacological properties of aptamers. Moreover, this review will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of such chemical modifications and how they impact the pharmacological properties of aptamers. Finally, this review will summarize the conjugation strategies of aptamers to nanocarriers for developing targeted drug delivery systems.

Progress in characterising the humoral immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been rapid but areas of uncertainty persist. Assessment of the full range of evidence generated to date to understand the characteristics of the antibody response, its dynamics over time, its determinants and the immunity it confers will have a range of clinical and policy implications for this novel pathogen. This review comprehensively evaluated evidence describing the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 published from 01/01/2020-26/06/2020. Systematic review. Keyword-structured searches were carried out in MEDLINE, Embase and COVID-19 Primer. Articles were independently screened on title, abstract and full text by two researchers, with arbitration of disagreements. Data were double-extracted into a pre-designed template, and studies critically appraised using a modified version of the Public Health Ontario Meta-tool for Quality Appraisal of Public Health Evidence (MetaQAT) tool, with resolution of disagreements by consensus. Findings were narratively synthesised. 150 papers were included. Most studies (113 or 75%) were observational in design, were based wholly or primarily on data from hospitalised patients (108, 72%) and had important methodological limitations. Few considered mild or asymptomatic infection. Antibody dynamics were well described in the acute phase, up to around three months from disease onset, but the picture regarding correlates of the antibody response was inconsistent. IgM was consistently detected before IgG in included studies, peaking at weeks two to five and declining over a further three to five weeks post-symptom onset depending on the patient group; IgG peaked around weeks three to seven post-symptom onset then plateaued, generally persisting for at least eight weeks. Neutralising antibodies were detectable within seven to 15 days following disease onset, with levels increasing until days 14-22 before levelling and then decreasing, but titres were lower in those with asymptomatic or clinically mild disease. Specific and potent neutralising antibodies have been isolated from convalescent plasma. Cross-reactivity but limited cross-neutralisation with other human coronaviridae was reported. Evidence for protective immunity in vivo was limited to small, short-term animal studies, showing promising initial results in the immediate recovery phase. Literature on antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is of variable quality with considerable heterogeneity of methods, study participants, outcomes measured and assays used. Although acute phase antibody dynamics are well described, longer-term patterns are much less well evidenced. Comprehensive assessment of the role of demographic characteristics and disease severity on antibody responses is needed. Initial findings of low neutralising antibody titres and possible waning of titres over time may have implications for sero-surveillance and disease control policy, although further evidence is needed. The detection of potent neutralising antibodies in convalescent plasma is important in the context of development of therapeutics and vaccines. Due to limitations with the existing evidence base, large, cross-national cohort studies using appropriate statistical analysis and standardised serological assays and clinical classifications should be prioritised.

Understanding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and transmission in educational settings is crucial for ensuring the safety of staff and children during the COVID-19 pandemic. We estimated the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection and outbreaks among staff and students in educational settings during the summer half-term (June–July, 2020) in England. In this prospective, cross-sectional analysis, Public Health England initiated enhanced national surveillance in educational settings in England that had reopened after the first national lockdown, from June 1 to July 17, 2020. Educational settings were categorised as early years settings (<5-year-olds), primary schools (5–11-year-olds; only years 1 and 6 allowed to return), secondary schools (11–18-year-olds; only years 10 and 12), or mixed-age settings (spanning a combination of the above). Further education colleges were excluded. Data were recorded in HPZone, an online national database for events that require public health management. RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 event rates and case rates were calculated for staff and students, and direction of transmission was inferred on the basis of symptom onset and testing dates. Events were classified as single cases, coprimary cases (at least two confirmed cases within 48 h, typically within the same household), and outbreaks (at least two epidemiologically linked cases, with sequential cases diagnosed within 14 days in the same educational setting). All events were followed up for 28 days after educational settings closed for the summer holidays. Negative binomial regression was used to correlate educational setting events with regional population, population density, and community incidence. A median of 38 000 early years settings (IQR 35 500–41 500), 15 600 primary schools (13 450–17 300), and 4000 secondary schools (3700–4200) were open each day, with a median daily attendance of 928 000 students (630 000–1 230 000) overall. There were 113 single cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, nine coprimary cases, and 55 outbreaks. The risk of an outbreak increased by 72% (95% CI 28–130) for every five cases per 100 000 population increase in community incidence (p<0·0001). Staff had higher incidence than students (27 cases [95% CI 23–32] per 100 000 per day among staff compared with 18 cases [14–24] in early years students, 6·0 cases [4·3–8·2] in primary schools students, and 6·8 cases [2·7–14] in secondary school students]), and most cases linked to outbreaks were in staff members (154 [73%] staff vs 56 [27%] children of 210 total cases). Probable direction of transmission was staff to staff in 26 outbreaks, staff to student in eight outbreaks, student to staff in 16 outbreaks, and student to student in five outbreaks. The median number of secondary cases in outbreaks was one (IQR 1–2) for student index cases and one (1–5) for staff index cases. SARS-CoV-2 infections and outbreaks were uncommon in educational settings during the summer half-term in England. The strong association with regional COVID-19 incidence emphasises the importance of controlling community transmission to protect educational settings. Interventions should focus on reducing transmission in and among staff. Public Health England.

Facile assembly, co-precipitation, and drop casting procedures have been used to construct SnO 2 /SrSnO 3 /Fe 3 O 4 /PVDF flexible nanocomposites. SnO 2 /SrSnO 3 /Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites (TSF NCs') have been successfully incorporated into polyvinylidene fluoride polymers (PF), according to the microstructural exploration of the systems, which was revealed by XRD, EDX, and ATR-FTIR analysis. The FESEM and cross-section areas demonstrated that the addition of TSF NCs' to PF porous material enhanced its surface characteristics and decreased its surface roughness. The optical gap was lowered from 3.90 to 3.07 eV, and it was discovered that both the refractive index and optical conductivity had improved when TSF NCs' were incorporated into PF. According to the observations, the supplement ratios have a profound influence on the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites. Moreover, the electrical parameters of TSF/PF nanocomposite are significantly modified. The TSF/PF magnetic nanocomposite has good magnetic reactivity and can be easily extracted from the aqueous solution using an external magnetic field, as demonstrated by VSM. This research has been conducted to obtain TSF/PF nanocomposites to be used in promising magno-optoelectronic applications.

The center of interest of this research study is to unfold the phenomena in the electric double layer (EDL) adjacent to the indicted peristaltic wall and its impact on a peristaltic transport of ionized non-Newtonian blood (Jeffrey liquid model) infused with hybridized copper and gold nanoparticles through a ciliated micro-vessel under the buoyancy and Lorentz forces’ action. The energy equation is found with consideration of viscous dissipation and internal heat source impacts. The complicated normalized flow equations are abridged by adopting lubrication and Debye–Hückel linearization postulates. The homotopy perturbation approach is devoted to yield the optimal series solutions of the resulting equations. The amendment in the pertinent hemodynamical characteristics against the significant flow parameters is canvassed via plentiful graphical designs. Outcomes confess that a higher assisting the electric body force and thin EDL significantly opposes the blood flow nearby the ciliated micro-vessel wall. The heat exchange rate for hybrid nano-blood (26% for Cu-Au /blood) is greatly evaluated to nano-blood (20% for Au -blood and 11.4% for Cu -blood). The trapped bolus is expanded due to thinner EDL or longer cilia length. This simulation could help to design electro-osmotic blood pumps, diagnostic devices, pharmacological systems, etc.