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Aim/Purpose: This paper compares doctoral student and supervisor expectations of their respective roles and responsibilities in doctoral research supervision relationships in Malaysia. It identifies the areas, and the extent to which expectations align or differ. Background: Incongruence of expectations between doctoral students and their supervisor has been cited as a major contributor to slow completion times and high attrition rates for doctoral students. While researchers urge the need for explicit discussion of expectations, in practice doctoral students and supervisors rarely make their expectations explicit to each other, and few researchers have examined the areas of alignment or misalignment of expectations in depth. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews were held with fifteen doctoral students and twelve supervisors from two research-intensive universities in Malaysia. An inductive thematic analysis of data was conducted. Contribution: This paper provides the first in-depth direct comparison of student-supervisor expectations in Malaysia. A hierarchical model of student-supervisor expectations is presented. Findings: Expectations vary in the degree of congruence, and the degree to which they are clarified by students and supervisors across four different areas: academic practice, academic outcomes, skills and personal attributes, personal relationships. A hierarchical model is proposed to describe the extent to which both students and supervisors are able to clarify their mutual expectations arising throughout the doctoral student-supervisor relationship. Recommendations for Practitioners: Institutions should support discussions with both doctoral students and supervisors of expectations of their student-supervisor interactions, and encourage them to be more proactive in exploring their mutual expectations. Recommendation for Researchers: Data is recommended to be collected from students who have recently completed their studies, given the observation that some student participants were uncomfortable speaking about their supervisors while still in the student-supervisor relationship. Impact on Society: Opening opportunities for discussions of expectations by students and supervisors, supported and encouraged by the institutions within which they work, can help set the scene for positive and productive relationships. Future Research: Findings indicate there is need to examine in depth the impact of gender, and the competing pressures to publish and graduate on time, as they relate to the student-supervisor relationships and experience.

PurposeThis paper aims to share reflections on a collaborative researcher development initiative in Malaysia – the Borneo Research Education Conference (BREC) series. Although the immediate focus is on graduate students, the intention is to trigger wider discussions of researcher development theory in the context of policy and practice in the region.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes a reflection-on-action approach, reflecting on experience and sharing the lessons learned in a variety of contexts is vital for the development of this emerging field.FindingsIntroducing researcher development programs requires careful consideration of the social, institutional and practical contexts in which it takes place. Although transformation of the field is a long-term process, this process can start with small intentional practices.Research limitations/implicationsThe analyses and recommendations arising from the BREC experience are context-specific and therefore cannot be generalised. However, the paper offers guidance for other researcher development initiatives, especially in contexts where the field is not well established.Practical implicationsDeliberately designed practices, such as including a broad range of researchers and creating a safe space for active engagement in developmental activities, can have a positive impact on participant’s researcher identities, self-confidence and sense of belonging.Social implicationsPolicymakers are encouraged to consider a more inclusive notion of researcher development, focussing both on the product and the process of doctoral education.Originality/valueDocumenting and sharing reflections of a researcher development initiative in a “developing country” context allows for the comparing and contrasting of experiences in other settings.

This study presents a comprehensive groundwater vulnerability assessment conducted in the Goulmima palm grove of southeastern Morocco, a region facing potential risks of groundwater pollution due to natural and anthropogenic factors. In this study, the DRASTIC and GOD methods were used to identify areas highly, moderately, and weakly vulnerable to pollution. The aquifer’s characteristics, geological formations, and climatic conditions are thoroughly analyzed in this arid oasis environment. The DRASTIC method evaluates parameters such as soil media, topography, hydraulic conductivity, depth to the water table, aquifer media, impact of the vadose zone, and net recharge. Meanwhile, the GOD method focuses on aquifer vulnerability to vertical percolation of pollutants. DRASTIC reveals that 72.23% of the area has a moderate vulnerability, with lesser extents of low (10.88%) and high (16.89%) vulnerabilities. GOD highlights 44% of the area as highly vulnerable, with medium and low vulnerabilities at 40% and 16%, respectively, showcasing different risk assessments between methods. Validation through electrical conductivity and nitrate data confirms a correlation between the vulnerability maps produced by the DRASTIC and GOD methods and the observed contamination levels. The findings emphasize the need for sustainable water resource management strategies, inclusive land use planning, and collaborative efforts among stakeholders to address identified constraints and ensure responsible development in the Goulmima aquifer.