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Background There are currently 15 million Americans who provide over 80% of the care required by their family members with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. Yet care for caregivers continues to be fragmented and few evidence-based interventions have been translated into routine clinical care and therefore remain inaccessible to most family caregivers. To address this gap, the Caring for the Caregiver program is being developed at UT Health San Antonio, School of Nursing to improve support services and health outcomes for family caregivers. Our purpose is to describe the engagement process undertaken to assess caregiver and community needs and how findings are informing program development. Methods We are using a model of public engagement that consists of communication of information, collection of information from stakeholders, and collaboration where stakeholders are partners in an exchange of information to guide program activities. An assessment of the community was undertaken to identify resources/services for family caregivers. Subsequently, stakeholders were invited to a community-academic forum to discuss strategies to build on existing strengths for family caregiving and to identify gaps in care. Detailed notes were taken and all discussions were recorded and transcribed for analysis. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results We conducted site visits with 15 community agencies, interviewed 13 family caregivers, and attended community events including support groups and health and senior fairs. Fifty-three diverse stakeholders attended the community-academic forum. Participants identified existing assets within our community to support family caregivers. Consistent among groups was the need to increase awareness in our community about family caregivers. Themes identified from the discussion were: making the invisible visible, you don’t know what you don’t know, learning too late, and anticipating and preparing for the future. Conclusions Incorporating caregiver and community stakeholders was critical to ensure that the priorities of our community are addressed in a culturally responsive accessible program for family caregivers. The forum served as important mechanism to partner with the community and will be an annual event where we can continue to work with our stakeholders around needs for practice, education, and research.

Presents a travel guide to England, Scotland, and Wales, providing recommendations on hotels, restaurants, shopping, local transportation, sights of interest, and nightlife.

Market opportunities Suckler-bred animals can be sold as weaned calves, stores or finished. PROS AND CONS ✓ Value of the progeny, whether they are sold as stores or finished, is generally always higher than dairybred cattle - at today's prices £150£200 higher ✓ Annual output and income are relatively predictable ✓ A secondary income stream can be generated from sales of breeding stock ✓ Running a closed herd means no health issues are imported * A farm can use poorer land for sucklers because they have low maintenance requirements X Safety risks around calving X Not quite as profitable as a calf-tostore system X Resources are not fully utilised because for part of the year there is only one animal for every two livestock places PROS AND CONS ✓ Stores will have passed the period of highest health risk ✓ Feed type and rate can be adjusted quickly according to market requirements ✓ Ability to capitalise on cheap feeds ✓ Potential for higher prices if abattoir can be guaranteed numbers X Fine margins between store and finishing prices X Need to be at market regularly to get the best value for money, but it is a numbers game so being choosy is not always possible X Consistency of stores can be difficult unless the farmer is aligned to a big producer X Using different breeds can complicate feeding Buying in calves and selling as stores Infrastructure An isolation facility is needed for incoming stock, together with dedicated calf-rearing facilities. PROS AND CONS ✓ Timing of purchase and sales is controlled by the farmer ✓ Every livestock place is a productive animal that can be sold ✓ Potential to improve the quality of incoming stock as some agreements allow farmers to have an input into the sires used ✓ Slightly more profitable than sucklers * Buying privately from two or three suppliers can help prevent disease X Every calf bought in has the potential to bring in disease X Maintaining consistent inflow and outflow can be a challenge X Average calf price can vary by £50 X Dairy-bred calves may fetch lower prices than suckler-bred progeny X Lead-in times from abattoirs mean cattle may have to stay on farm longer than anticipated

Passions will be tested and young hearts will be broken. Ultimately, talent, dedication and hard work will triumph. Centers around a group of dancers, singers, musicians and actors at the New York City High School of Performing Arts, and their spirited drive to live out their dreams of stardom. In an incredibly competitive atmosphere, each student must shine amidst the tumult of school work, deep friendships, budding romance and self-discovery.

\"The shearlings lost condition in the winter and this had a negative impact on the scanning percentage and lamb weights,\" says Mr Hawke, who closely monitors body condition score (BCS) and weights through the AHDBfunded Challenge Sheep project. The management policy has been informed by data taken from the Challenge Sheep project using electronic identification to track the lifetime performance of replacement ewes. THE NUMBERS 80% of mature weight - target tupping weight for shearings 68% Shearing twinning rate 90% Number of shearlings in-lamb in first tupping cycle 3.5 BCS - mature ewe target TIPS FOR MANAGING SHEARLINGS * Manage as a separate group right up to mature age * Use weight to select shearling replacements FARM FACTS * 202ha (500 acres) farmed on long-term grazing licences with additional grazing from short-term lets * 1,000 ewes with Charollais/Texel cross and New Zealand Suffolk rams used * Ewes outwintered on fodder beet * Majority of lambs finished on stubble turnips * Lambs from terminal flock sold deadweight

Debbie James finds out from a free-range egg farmer who has made the switch Milling grain from home-grown wheat and oats as feed for their 64,000 layers is making Allan and Nick Panniers' free-range egg business more sustainable. [...]2016, they bought their feed from the same livestock feed processor they sold their wheat to. Regulatory requirements Most of the regulatory compliance for operating a static mill can be covered within the British Egg Industry Council's British Lion Code of Practice if the feed is being produced solely for a farmer's own flock. The appropriate Defra code of practice does not give a specific target for the sampling and testing of feed materials and finished feed for salmonella as it depends on the type of raw materials and the quantity used, but Mr Farquharson says his recommendation is to do this every six months.

With the use, sexed semen leading, an increase in, beef calves being produced from spring-calving herds Debbie James Takes a look at the for finishing Finishing home-bred beef calves can make a valuable contribution to the bottom line of a spring-calving dairy farm where the opportunity exists to implement a grass-based dairy beef system. finishing spring-born beef calves on grass can produce saleable carcasses at a lower cost of production compared with intensively finished cattle, according to the Irish Agriculture and food Development Authority Teagasc. Input requirements a head over each animal's lifetime * Concentrates: 0.7t DM or 0.80t fresh weight * Grazed grass: 2.2t DM * Grass silage: 1.2t DM or 6t fresh weight * Stocking rate: 2.4/ha at 170kg organic N/ha 3 24-MONTH-OLD FRIESIAN STEER The system Steers go through a modest store period over the first winter, gaining about 0.7kg/day before being turned out to grass for their second grazing year to achieve a 200-day grazing season and a total weight gain of about 180kg over that second season at grass. Input requirements a head over each animal's lifetime * Concentrates: 0.4t DM or 0.45t fresh weight * Grazed grass: 3.7t DM * Grass silage: 1.4t DM or 7t fresh weight * Stocking rate: 1.95/ha at 170kg organic N/ha * TOP TIPS FOR PRODUCING BEEF FROM A DAIRY HERD * Select a system that matches farm circumstances * Be realistic about your system's output and cost assumptions * Set targets that optimise animal performance and use high levels of grazed herbage - this is key to lowering production costs * Focus on output/ha * No single beef production system is the optimum for finishing beef cattle - each has its own merits and risks * Good management is critical to make a profit from any system * Regularly draft animals based on their body condition, especially if using early maturing genetics or heifers, to avoid animals producing excessively fat carcasses ONLINE For more on cattle feeding, go online to fwi.co.uk/knowhow-beef-feed CALCULATING DIRECT PRODUCTION COSTS AND RETURNS FOR CARCASS OUTPUT * Approximate costs for early maturing cross-breds total £497 a head * Feed-related costs account for up to 85% of direct costs * Friesian breed types typically require an additional four to six weeks to reach adequate fat cover for slaughter and, therefore, have a higher feed demand; costs incurred will be 5-10% higher * Later-born animals will usually have a later slaughter date and a longer indoor feeding period, resulting in higher costs * A high proportion of early maturing cross-bred steers produce carcasses with a conformation score of 0= or greater and a fat score of 3+ or greater * Friesian genotypes will typically produce carcasses with slightly poorer conformation (O-) and will, therefore, attract a lower price ACCELERATED FINISHING In systems that are fully optimised in terms of animal genetics and grassland, a proportion of early maturing steers or heifers will be suitable for slaughter at the end of the second grazing season, says Teagasc's Nicky Byrne.

A drought-tolerant forage crop of lupins and triticale is providing a home-grown source of protein at a South Yorkshire dairy farm, and also boosting fibre and starch in the ration. The TMR DM intake a cow a day is 14.2kg, consisting of 5.58kg first-cut silage, 3.78kg second-cut, 1.98kg wholecrop, 2.76kg moist feed, and 120g dairy minerals, with up to 5kg of concentrates fed in the parlour. * FARM FACTS * 125ha (310 acres) farmed * 180-cow herd * Milk supplied to Longley Farm Dairy THE NUMBERS 1,000 Hectares of lupicaleage grown in UK 10-11 Typical metabolisable energy 30-40 Yield expected (t/ha) ADVICE ON GROWING AND FEEDING LUP1CALEAGE Lupicaleage can be grown across the UK, but performs better in drier conditions, says David McNaughton, of seed merchant Soya UK. ESTABLISHMENT Lupicaleage needs a fine tilth for good establishment, similar to one needed for sowing spring cereals. [...]if fields are heavily panned, subsoiling should be carried out before sowing.