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"Jiang, Jing"
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Impact of music learning on students’ psychological development with mediating role of self-efficacy and self-esteem
Professionals and academics have recently placed a greater emphasis on comprehending the elements that go into improving students’ psychological wellbeing. Students frequently face major obstacles as a result of the rigorous nature of academic life, which can result in problems like tension, depression and other psychological health concerns. These complications have a long-lasting influence on their future aspirations in addition to affecting their academic achievement. This study determined the effects of music learning on students’ academic performance and psychological well-being. The mediating role of self-efficacy and self-esteem are also examined in this study. The data is collected from 326 students in Chinese universities and applied structural equation modeling for empirical analysis. The findings show that music education improves the students’ psychological well-being, which in turn improves their academic performance. Additionally, psychological health is a major factor in improving the academic performance. There is significant mediating impact of self-efficacy and self-esteem in relationship between mental well-being and music education. To improve students’ psychological health, it is suggested that policy makers should consider the integration of music education into academic settings.
Journal Article
Safe and Effective Antioxidant: The Biological Mechanism and Potential Pathways of Ergothioneine in the Skin
Ergothioneine, a sulfur-containing micromolecular histidine derivative, has attracted increasing attention from scholars since it was confirmed in the human body. In the human body, ergothioneine is transported and accumulated specifically through OCTN-1, especially in the mitochondria and nucleus, suggesting that it can target damaged cells and tissues as an antioxidant. It shows excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, and anti-aging properties, and inhibits melanin production. It is a mega antioxidant that may participate in the antioxidant network system and promote the reducing glutathione regeneration cycle. This review summarizes studies on the antioxidant effects of ergothioneine on various free radicals in vitro to date and systematically introduces its biological activities and potential mechanisms, mostly in dermatology. Additionally, the application of ergothioneine in cosmetics is briefly summarized. Lastly, we propose some problems that require solutions to understand the mechanism of action of ergothioneine. We believe that ergothioneine has good prospects in the food and cosmetics industries, and can thus meet some needs of the health and beauty industry.
Journal Article
Are pangolins the intermediate host of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)?
The outbreak of a novel corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the city of Wuhan, China has resulted in more than 1.7 million laboratory confirmed cases all over the world. Recent studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 was likely originated from bats, but its intermediate hosts are still largely unknown. In this study, we assembled the complete genome of a coronavirus identified in 3 sick Malayan pangolins. The molecular and phylogenetic analyses showed that this pangolin coronavirus (pangolin-CoV-2020) is genetically related to the SARS-CoV-2 as well as a group of bat coronaviruses but do not support the SARS-CoV-2 emerged directly from the pangolin-CoV-2020. Our study suggests that pangolins are natural hosts of Betacoronaviruses. Large surveillance of coronaviruses in pangolins could improve our understanding of the spectrum of coronaviruses in pangolins. In addition to conservation of wildlife, minimizing the exposures of humans to wildlife will be important to reduce the spillover risks of coronaviruses from wild animals to humans.
Journal Article
Illustration image style transfer method design based on improved cyclic consistent adversarial network
To improve the expressiveness and realism of illustration images, the experiment innovatively combines the attention mechanism with the cycle consistency adversarial network and proposes an efficient style transfer method for illustration images. The model comprehensively utilizes the image restoration and style transfer capabilities of the attention mechanism and the cycle consistency adversarial network, and introduces an improved attention module, which can adaptively highlight the key visual elements in the illustration, thereby maintaining artistic integrity during the style transfer process. Through a series of quantitative and qualitative experiments, high-quality style transfer is achieved, especially while retaining the original features of the illustration. The results show that when running on the Monet2photo dataset, when the system iterates to 72 times, the loss function value of the research method approaches the target value of 0.00. On the Horse2zebra dataset, as the sample size increases, the research method has the smallest FID value, and the value approaches 40.00 infinitely. With the change of peak signal-to-noise ratio, the accuracy of the research algorithm has been greater than 95.00%. Practical application found that the color of the image obtained by the research method is more gorgeous and the line features are more obvious. The above results all show that the research method has achieved more satisfactory results in the task of style transfer of illustration images, especially in terms of the accuracy of style transfer and the retention of image details.
Journal Article
Porous and Ultra-Flexible Crosslinked MXene/Polyimide Composites for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
HighlightsLarge-area, lightweight, ultra-flexible, and robust crosslinked MXene-coated PI porous composites were manufactured via a scalable and facile approach.In addition to the hydrophobicity, anti-oxidation and extreme-temperature stability, excellent electromagnetic interference shielding performance was achieved because of the high-efficiency utilization of the building units and microstructure.Moreover, the highly flexible composite foams exhibited excellent electrothermal and electromechanical sensing performance, demonstrating promising perspectives in next-generation flexible electronics, aerospace, and smart devices.Lightweight, ultra-flexible, and robust crosslinked transition metal carbide (Ti3C2 MXene) coated polyimide (PI) (C-MXene@PI) porous composites are manufactured via a scalable dip-coating followed by chemical crosslinking approach. In addition to the hydrophobicity, anti-oxidation and extreme-temperature stability, efficient utilization of the intrinsic conductivity of MXene, the interfacial polarization between MXene and PI, and the micrometer-sized pores of the composite foams are achieved. Consequently, the composites show a satisfactory X-band electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of 22.5 to 62.5 dB at a density of 28.7 to 48.7 mg cm−3, leading to an excellent surface-specific SE of 21,317 dB cm2 g−1. Moreover, the composite foams exhibit excellent electrothermal performance as flexible heaters in terms of a prominent, rapid reproducible, and stable electrothermal effect at low voltages and superior heat performance and more uniform heat distribution compared with the commercial heaters composed of alloy plates. Furthermore, the composite foams are well attached on a human body to check their electromechanical sensing performance, demonstrating the sensitive and reliable detection of human motions as wearable sensors. The excellent EMI shielding performance and multifunctionalities, along with the facile and easy-to-scalable manufacturing techniques, imply promising perspectives of the porous C-MXene@PI composites in next-generation flexible electronics, aerospace, and smart devices.
Journal Article
The characteristics and evolution of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 patients as assessed by AI-assisted chest HRCT
The characteristics and evolution of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not been adequately studied. AI-assisted chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was used to investigate the proportion of COVID-19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis, the relationship between the degree of fibrosis and the clinical classification of COVID-19, the characteristics of and risk factors for pulmonary fibrosis, and the evolution of pulmonary fibrosis after discharge. The incidence of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with severe or critical COVID-19 was significantly higher than that in patients with moderate COVID-19. There were significant differences in the degree of pulmonary inflammation and the extent of the affected area among patients with mild, moderate and severe pulmonary fibrosis. The IL-6 level in the acute stage and albumin level were independent risk factors for pulmonary fibrosis. Ground-glass opacities, linear opacities, interlobular septal thickening, reticulation, honeycombing, bronchiectasis and the extent of the affected area were significantly improved 30, 60 and 90 days after discharge compared with at discharge. The more severe the clinical classification of COVID-19, the more severe the residual pulmonary fibrosis was; however, in most patients, pulmonary fibrosis was improved or even resolved within 90 days after discharge.
Journal Article
Atomic-scale observation of non-classical nucleation-mediated phase transformation in a titanium alloy
Two-phase titanium-based alloys are widely used in aerospace and biomedical applications, and they are obtained through phase transformations between a low-temperature hexagonal closed-packed α-phase and a high-temperature body-centred cubic β-phase. Understanding how a new phase evolves from its parent phase is critical to controlling the transforming microstructures and thus material properties. Here, we report time-resolved experimental evidence, at sub-ångström resolution, of a non-classically nucleated metastable phase that bridges the α-phase and the β-phase, in a technologically important titanium–molybdenum alloy. We observed a nanosized and chemically ordered superstructure in the α-phase matrix; its composition, chemical order and crystal structure are all found to be different from both the parent and the product phases, but instigating a vanishingly low energy barrier for the transformation into the β-phase. This latter phase transition can proceed instantly via vibrational switching when the molybdenum concentration in the superstructure exceeds a critical value. We expect that such a non-classical phase evolution mechanism is much more common than previously believed for solid-state transformations.
A full kinetic pathway of a non-classical nucleation-induced phase transformation through metastable states is elucidated at sub-ångström resolution in a technologically important titanium alloy.
Journal Article
Trehalose and glucose levels regulate feeding behavior of the phloem-feeding insect, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris
Trehalose serves multifarious roles in growth and development of insects. In this study, we demonstrated that the high trehalose diet increased the glucose content, and high glucose diet increased the glucose content but decreased the trehalose content of
Acyrthosiphon pisum
. RNA interference (RNAi) of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene (
ApTPS
) decreased while RNAi of trehalase gene (
ApTRE
) increased the trehalose and glucose contents
.
In the electrical penetration graph experiment, RNAi of
ApTPS
increased the percentage of E2 waveform and decreased the percentage of F and G waveforms. The high trehalose and glucose diets increased the percentage of E2 waveform of
A. pisum
red biotype. The correlation between feeding behavior and sugar contents indicated that the percentage of E1 and E2 waveforms were increased but np, C, F and G waveforms were decreased in low trehalose and glucose contents. The percentage of np, E1 and E2 waveforms were reduced but C, F and G waveforms were elevated in high trehalose and glucose contents. The results suggest that the
A. pisum
with high trehalose and glucose contents spent less feeding time during non-probing phase and phloem feeding phase, but had an increased feeding time during probing phase, stylet work phase and xylem feeding phase.
Journal Article