Explore the vast range of titles available.

Natural sand is widely used as fine aggregates in preparation of usual cement mortar and concrete. Natural sand firstly standing in the construction materials list that are endangered due to excessive consumption in building process and should be conserved. This study emphasis on using powder and ash of Date seed as alternative material for natural sand in the ratio of 50% and 100%, and investigate the variation in mortar’s properties through curing period of 7 and 28 days. The results indicated that the 50% date seed powder replacing ratio was satisfied the mortar strength. However, increased water absorption of the mortar. While, the 50% date seed ash replacing ratio was improved the strength and declined the water absorption.

Earth units compressed and stabilized are friendly construction materials and sustainable from point of view of efficiency in using energy and lowering cost. However, it has lower properties and strength when compared with fired clay brick and concrete. The possibility of producing earth units compressed from soil stabilized with cement and pozzolana were investigated in this study. Soil samples were extracted from a pit at depth 1m under topsoil from Al-Zaafarania region in Baghdad. Results of the testing soils showed that the bulk density, moisture content, specific gravity and plasticity index performed satisfactory and suitable to produce such like soil units. Different percentage of cement and silica fume as a stabilizer. Soil units compressed with 20 N/mm2 pressed by a hydraulic loading machine. The unit's strength significantly increase with increasing silica fumes content, decreasing the absorption water rate, and raises density of units.