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This monograph analyzes published Chinese and Western sources about current and future capabilities and employment concepts of the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF). It describes how those capabilities and concepts might be realized in a conflict over Taiwan, assesses the implications of China implementing them, and provides recommendations about actions that should be taken in response.

As an approach to economic problems, the input-output analysisis in the tradition of general equilibrium economics. However, it is ageneral equilibrium analysis with numerical strength. It is a generalequilibrium theory because it analyzes all the industrial sectors of theeconomy simul¬taneously with special emphasis on the productionrelations among the industries. It is an approach with numericalstrength because the basic formulation of the theory is amenable tostatistical implementation in the econometric sense. Being such, thisapproach can be, and has been, applied to provide numerical answers toproblems related to total economic mobilization of an economy, e.g., forwar, for peace or for economic development. For this reason, it has adirect policy orientation; and, can be usefully applied to planning foreconomic development. On account of the fact that it is a generalequilibrium theory with numerical strength, the input-output analysis isnot an inexpensive approach. This is due to the fact that stupendouseffort is involved in the collection and the processing of statisticaldata, for all the major production sectors, as well as in tabulation andcomputation. This is difficult even when the data are available, andwhen the data are not available, an effort in this direction is thwartedat the very initial stage. The standard reason given for not applying aninput-output approach in planning for economic development is that dataare not available. In this respect, Pakistan is a typical case. It isthe purpose of this paper to present a preliminary input-output tablefor large-scale industries in Pakistan. As the base year for table, wehave selected calendar year 1955, primarily because for this year thecensus of manufacturing industries is most detailed and most suitablefor our purpose. As far as we know, this table is the first of its kind.However, in view of the data problem, the input-output table that willbe presented is only a preliminary one. Not only does it exclude allproduction sectors

It is the purpose of this paper to construct an economic modelwhich, we hope, will serve as a point of departure for the study ofcertain key policy issues in the long-run economic development of lessdeveloped countries like Pakistan. As we see it, the key issue ofdevelopmental policy centres about the question of balanced growth ofthe two main sectors: the industrial sector and the agricultural sector.The identification of this as the key issue is not at variance with thePakistan Government's official position which aims at a \"substantialincrease in industrial production\" over the next five years, while, atthe same time, attaching the \"highest priority to increasingagricultural production\".1 In view of this dual aim, a consistenttheore¬tical framework is needed to facilitate rational planning bypointing up the various facets of the balanced growthproblem

It is not unreasonable to believe that most, if not all, important innovations are embodied in an industry's capital stock. The notion that the efficiency of large scale of production is brought about mainly by a larger size capital stock or a more advanced one is not new. The purpose of this paper is to search for production functions that allow the scale elasticity to vary with respect to capital stock and, at the same time, contains desirable properties of diminishing returns to labor and/or factor substitutability. There are numerous SSWK production functions. However, the objectives of this paper are to, first of all, find a general way to generate the SSWK production functions, and secondly, to find those SSWK's with certain desirable properties.

Background A ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often fatal. In addition to surgery and transarterial embolization, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) might be another option for treating a ruptured HCC. Unfortunately, conventional RFA has a limited ablation zone; as such, it is rarely used to treat ruptured tumors. Case presentation This case was a 60‐year‐old man who had a large, ruptured HCC in which hydrochloric acid (HCl)‐enhanced RFA successfully controlled the bleeding and made the tumor completely necrotic. Conclusion Considering the effectiveness of HCl‐enhanced RFA in achieving hemostasis and tumor ablation, it might be a new option for treating large, ruptured HCCs.

The paper provides a rigorous and exact formulation of the relationship between the Gini measure of inequality in total income across families, and corresponding measures of inequality in such components of total income as wages, transfer income, etc. It is shown that serious problems of bias arise when individual family data are not available and when data on averages for families grouped by the size of total income are used instead. These problems are illustrated with reference to data for Taiwan, 1964 to 1976.

I. Introduction, 17. — II. Growth and income distribution, 18. — III. Application to Taiwan, 24. — IV. Impact of growth on FID: qualitative and quantitative aspects, 27. — V. Concluding remarks, 36. — Appendix, 38.

Asian states often make tradeoffs between economic and military security goals, and shifts in states' preferences for economic advantage versus military strength explain variation and diversity in their responses to China. Countries that prioritize technological advantage and economic strength respond differently to China than those that do not because they accept a greater degree of security risk to realize economic gains from interactions with China. This dissertation assesses the security and economic policy responses of a representative sample of Asian states to China between 1992 and 2008. The responses of Japan, Korea and Thailand have defied predictions of the dominant international relations paradigm—realism—that states would either balance against or bandwagon with a rising China. However, the three states have not discarded consideration of external security threats. Differences in how Japan, Korea and Thailand have responded to China over time are explained not only by changes in China's military threat, but perceptions of the threat as weighed against changing economic priorities. Domestic strategic evolution—change in political structure and grand strategy—has had an important impact on the manner in which the three nations have responded to China. The findings of this dissertation bear on both the study and practice of international security policy. Domestic politics and state preferences are important factors to consider when explaining the responses of Asian states to China, responses which would not have been implied by the consideration of external threats alone. Understanding the determinants of Asian nations' different and evolving preferences for the ratio of economic versus military strength will aid U.S. officials in formulating policies that affirm these states' strategic interests.