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\"Alonso Berruguete (c. 1488-1561) revolutionized the arts of Renaissance Spain with a dramatic style of sculpture that reflected the decade or more he had spent in Italy while young. Trained as a painter, he traveled to Italy around 1506, where he interacted with Michelangelo and other leading artists. In 1518, he returned to Spain and was appointed court painter to the new king, Charles I. Eventually, he made his way to Valladolid, where he shifted his focus to sculpture, opening a large workshop that produced breathtaking multistory altarpieces (retablos) decorated with sculptures in painted wood. This handsomely illustrated catalogue is the first in English to treat Berruguete's art and career comprehensively. It follows his career from his beginnings in Castile to his final years in Toledo, where he produced his last great work, the marble tomb of Cardinal Juan de Tavera. Enriching the chronological narrative are discussions of important aspects of Berruguete's life and practice: his complicated relationship with social status and wealth; his activity as a draftsman and use of prints; how he worked with his many assistants to create his wood sculptures; and his legacy as an artist\"-- Provided by publisher.

Canadian public health officials responded to the unprecedented global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by invoking public health measures ranging from extreme (e.g., quarantine) to lighter (e.g., social distancing) measures. Although necessary to mitigate disease spread, the psychological impact of social distancing and isolation is unknown (Wang et al., 2020). The impetus of this study were calls for research to compare the psychological effects of extreme and lighter measures (see Brooks et al., 2020), and our purpose was to examine the impact of COVID-19 on psychological distress to determine whether negative effects were present during the initial stages of social distancing/isolation measures. In this study, questionnaire data measuring satisfaction with life, social cohesion, psychological distress, and perceptions of risk was collected from 1381 Canadians during the early days of intense public health measures (31 March through 15 April 2020). Results suggest that even short-term social distancing practices are associated with increased psychological distress, including elevated levels of overall distress, such as panic, emotional disturbances, and depression. These results are noteworthy for several reasons: the timing of the distress, the population under investigation, and the fact that the applied mitigation was \"lighter\" than full quarantines previously studied. These findings suggest that after only a short period of time, less restrictive public health measures can lead to psychological distress. These results have major significance for government officials in future public health crisis as they judiciously weigh the costs and benefits of applying such measures with various public health guidelines discussed. Les responsables de la santé publique du Canada ont répondu à l'éclosion mondiale sans précédent de la maladie du coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en invoquant des mesures de santé publique allant des mesures extrêmes (p. ex., la quarantaine) aux mesures plus légères (p. ex., la distanciation sociale). Bien qu'il soit nécessaire d'atténuer la propagation de la maladie, on ignore les répercussions psychologiques de la distanciation sociale et de l'isolement (Wang et al., 2020). L'idée de la présente étude est née à la suite de demandes de recherche visant à comparer les effets psychologiques de mesures extrêmes et de mesures plus légères (voir Brooks et al., 2020). Notre objectif était d'examiner l'impact de la COVID-19 sur la détresse psychologique afin de déterminer si des effets négatifs étaient présents au cours des premiers stades des mesures de distanciation sociale / d'isolement. Dans cette étude, les données du questionnaire mesurant la satisfaction à l'égard de la vie, de la cohésion sociale, de la détresse psychologique et de la perception du risque ont été recueillies auprès de 1 381 Canadiens au cours des premiers jours d'intenses mesures de santé publique (du 31 mars au 15 avril 2020). Les résultats semblent indiquer que même les pratiques de distanciation sociale à court terme sont associées à une détresse psychologique accrue, y compris des niveaux élevés de détresse globale, comme la panique, les troubles émotionnels et la dépression. Ces résultats sont dignes de mention pour plusieurs raisons : le moment de la détresse, la population à l'étude et le fait que l'atténuation appliquée était « plus légère » que les quarantaines complètes déjà étudiées. Ces résultats semblent indiquer qu'après une courte période, des mesures de santé publique moins restrictives peuvent entraîner une détresse psychologique. Ces résultats ont une importance majeure pour les responsables gouvernementaux sur les futures crises de santé publique, alors qu'ils évaluent judicieusement les coûts et les avantages de l'application de telles mesures avec les diverses lignes directrices de la santé publique discutées. Public Significance Statement During a global infectious disease pandemic, public health measures are often required to slow the spread of the disease. Although these measures are necessary, they can have negative effects on mental health. Even during the first few weeks of the COVID-19 outbreak, we found that there was a psychological impact on Canadian residents. People who perceived that COVID-19 presented a large risk were more likely to feel panic, depression, and emotional disturbances. We also found that females and people who were younger were likely to experience more psychological distress. Public health officials should keep this in mind when implementing public health measures during potential subsequent waves of the pandemic.

Abstract During the last few decades, contamination of air, water and soil has become the talk of the era due to high anthropogenic influence especially in the metropolitan cities. Taking this in mind, this study is taken place to identify the influence of anthropogenic activity by assessing pollution of selected heavy metals in an urbanized environment. Concentrations of five heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Cu) in 155 urban soil samples collected from an area covering ca.595 km2 across the Greater Chennai Region (GCR) at the coast of Bay of Bengal (Indian Ocean), with fourth highest population among metropolitan cities of India, helped to assess the level of pollution in superficial deposits. Their higher values in comparison with UCC, and more Cd in most of the samples from the northern part, could be from urban solid wastes that being dumped in various parts around the GCR. Enrichment factor (EF > 40) and contamination factor (CF ≥ 6) were higher, and the ecological risk index (Er) and global ecological risk index (RI) revealed considerable risk from Cd which might cause adverse health effects such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The higher impact of vehicular emissions shows positive correlation between Zn and Cu in the study area. Increase in Cd, Cu, Zn, and Cr compared to the similar study conducted about a decade ago suggested enhancement in unsegregated solid waste, vehicular activity, and small- and large-scale industries. Also, the reduction in leaded petrol usages might have decreased Pb content but the influence of thermal power plant continued to be dominant at northern GCR.In depth studies as well as proper waste disposal and treatment is needed to protect the environment from further contamination.

Over 5 experiments, we challenge the idea that the capacity of audio-visual integration need be fixed at 1 item. We observe that the conditions under which audio-visual integration is most likely to exceed 1 occur when stimulus change operates at a slow rather than fast rate of presentation and when the task is of intermediate difficulty such as when low levels of proactive interference (3 rather than 8 interfering visual presentations) are combined with the temporal unpredictability of the critical frame (Experiment 2), or, high levels of proactive interference are combined with the temporal predictability of the critical frame (Experiment 4). Neural data suggest that capacity might also be determined by the quality of perceptual information entering working memory. Experiment 5 supported the proposition that audio-visual integration was at play during the previous experiments. The data are consistent with the dynamic nature usually associated with cross-modal binding, and while audio-visual integration capacity likely cannot exceed uni-modal capacity estimates, performance may be better than being able to associate only one visual stimulus with one auditory stimulus.

In the wake of the report from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC), educators have been called to move to indigenize the curriculum in Canadian institutions. This is a challenge in scientific fields where the epistemological underpinnings in Western and Indigenous knowledge differ significantly. The overall framework of knowledge and how it is gathered is paradigmatically different in these two cultures-from the Traditional Ways of Knowing in Indigenous culture to the tradition of European Empiricism-which makes it challenging to reconcile. However, it is possible to include Indigenous material in university courses as a first step toward indigenization. This article presents an initial collection of course content for integrating Indigenous material into an Introduction to Psychology course through the presentation of research and class discussions. After presenting this initial content, a call for collaboration is presented for developing an open-source database of materials that educators of all levels could draw on in seeking to indigenize their curricula. À la suite du rapport de la Commission de vérité et réconciliation du Canada (CVR), les éducateurs ont été appelés à prendre des mesures pour autochtoniser le programme d'études dans les établissements canadiens. Ceci est un défi pour les domaines scientifiques où les fondements épistémologiques des connaissances occidentales et autochtones diffèrent considérablement. Le cadre général des connaissances et la façon dont elles sont recueillies sont radicalement différents dans ces deux cultures - des modes traditionnels de connaissance dans la culture autochtone à la tradition de l'empirisme européen - ce qui rend difficile la réconciliation. Toutefois, il est possible d'inclure du matériel autochtone dans les cours universitaires comme premier pas vers l'autochtonisation. Cet article présente une première collection de contenus de cours permettant d'intégrer du matériel autochtone dans un cours d'introduction à la psychologie par la présentation de recherches et de discussions en classe. Après la présentation de ce contenu initial, un appel à la collaboration est lancé pour développer une base de données à source libre de matériel dont les éducateurs de tous niveaux pourraient s'inspirer pour tenter d'autochtoniser leurs programmes d'études. Public Significance Statement The Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada calls us to indigenize the curriculum in higher education. This article represents an attempt to respond to this call in introductory psychology courses. This article includes a call for collaboration from any academics who wish to contribute to developing an open-access source of materials that can be used in psychology courses. It is my hope that through this collaboration we, as a field, will be able to come together and improve the material we are using to teach students.

This study aims to report the short-term coastline dynamics and inundation limits of coastal cities along the Eastern Pacific due to the sea swell events that occurred during April to May 2015. The multi-temporal satellite datasets from Landsat such as Enhanced Thematic Mapper (L7 ETM+) and Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor (L8 OLI/TIRS) of different periods before and after the swell events were used to identify the shoreline changes. The satellite images were pre-processed using ERDAS imagine 9.2, and the coastline was digitized in ArcGIS 10.4.1 for ten cities spread across from Mexico to Chile (in Pacific coast) using the spectral water indices, and the shoreline change rate and erosion/accretion pattern at each transect were estimated using the statistical parameters embedded in Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). The maximum erosion and accretion were observed in El Salvador (268 m) and Huatulco (Mexico) (115 m), respectively. Likewise, the maximum inundation was observed in El Salvador with 268 m and Acapulco (Mexico) with 254 m, and the tide gauge data suggest a possible relation to the bathymetry and the geomorphological conditions of the coast. Overall, the results indicate that the Eastern Pacific Ocean side sea swell events has led to extreme coastal flooding in recent years due to the increase in the mean sea level and the unpredictable variation in El Niño/Southern Oscillation events. Graphical abstract

Congruency between auditory and visuospatial stimuli has been previously shown to affect responses to multisensory stimulus pairs, and congruency between stimuli and response devices may play a role in response speed and accuracy. Across two experiments, we tested whether the accuracy and speed of pitch judgments were affected by a congruent or incongruent paired visual stimulus, and whether the relationship was modulated by response orientation. In Experiment 1, participants using a vertically (transversely) oriented keyboard demonstrated a large crossmodal vertical effect, but a minimal crossmodal horizontal effect. In contrast, Experiment 2 used a horizontally oriented keyboard, while also examining whether musical training impacts pitch judgments. As in the first experiment, we found an effect of response mapping on pitch judgments; these results suggest that vertical visual stimuli are processed automatically, while the effects of horizontal visual stimuli are decisional and require a compatible response orientation. Based on these findings, we propose an effect we call the ROMPR effect: response orientation modulates pitch–space relationships. Unexpectedly, non-musicians demonstrated significant ROMPR effects while trained musicians did not. We suggest that non-musicians are more likely to use visual information when making spatial location judgments of pitch: unlike musicians, they have not been trained to rely exclusively on auditory information during pitch processing. We also discuss alternative explanations of the data: namely, that there is a need to disambiguate audiovisual congruency from visual–response congruency with modulations of experimental design.

Efficient management of land use/land cover (LULC) features is vital for a balanced sustainable ecosystem. Thus, this work aimed to document the LULC changes in the less studied El Peñol-Guatapé reservoir, Antioquia, Colombia, especially in the reservoir area due to the construction of a hydro-electric power plant. For this study, Landsat images of 1977, 1986, 1997, and 2017 were used and the results indicated an increase in the settlement area and road networks by 0.10 and 0.60%, respectively, while during 1986 to 2017, cropland, plantation, dense forest, and open forest areas presented an increase of 0.52, 1.06, 2.87 and 2.61%, respectively. However, the marshy vegetation, scrub forest and fallow land decreased to − 0.51, − 3.79 and − 4.29%, respectively, in the same period. The water body before and after the completion of reservoir project denoted an increase from 13.1 km 2 in 1977 to 45.7 km 2 in 1986. This study provides a first-hand report on LULC dynamics in this tourism dominated municipalities that will serve as a reference for ecosystem management to reconcile the conflicts between different LULC classes in ecologically enriched regions. Graphical Abstract

Trace metals Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Cd, and As were determined on a monthly basis in a total of 52 rain samples collected from six different locations in the central region of Mexico during March 2016–April 2017. The average concentrations of trace metals (mg/L) in the rainwater samples showed an order of Zn (0.873) > Fe (0.395) > Mn (0.083) > Cr (0.041) ≥ Cu (0.041) > Pb (0.031) > Ni (0.020) > Co (0.013) > As (0.0003) > Cd (0.002). The differences observed in metal concentrations are related to variations in the influence of continental air masses, local transport, regional advection, and the solubility of trace metals. High concentrations of metals were observed in the months of March to May at all sites, probably due to the less extensive removal of air/air pollutants. The values obtained from the enrichment factor (EF) per metal showed relatively high values for Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co, Ni, and Cr, suggesting anthropogenic origin. Pearson’s correlation matrix validated the distribution of trace metal sources and their relationships with local/regional meteorological characteristics. This paper presents relevant basic information for the evaluation of the toxic potential of rainwater and the possible health risks when using this source of water for human consumption.

Sharks are top predators and play an important role in the regulation of marine ecosystems at lower trophic position. Mustelus californicus , Sphyrna zygaena , and Isurus oxyrinchus prove to be important fishery resources along the western coast of Baja California Sur and cohabit the same coastal areas, probably sharing resources. However, our knowledge about ecological dynamics of multiple species coexisting and sharing similar habitat resources is still limited, particularly for predators such as sharks. Therefore, this study focuses on the analysis of trophic ecology of the sharks species , using carbon ( 13 C) and nitrogen ( 15 N) stable isotope values in muscle tissues coupled with trace element concentration (Hg, Se, and Cd) in muscle and hepatic tissues of sharks. The values of δ 13 C ( M. californicus −17.3 ± 1.1‰, S. zygaena −17.9 ± 0.5‰, and I. oxyrinchus −18.3 ± 0.3‰) and δ 15 N ( M. californicus 18.2 ± 1.1‰, S. zygaena 18.4 ± 0.9‰, and I. oxyrinchus 17.8 ± 1.1‰) indicated that these species feed in the Gulf of Ulloa all throughout the year, and for extended periods with similar habitat use and trophic niche. The above-mentioned statement is also a conclusion supported by the significant correlation between isotopic and trace element concentrations in the muscular tissues in all studied species. Thus, the results of the present study emphasize the habitat and niche characteristics of three sympatric sharks off the coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico.