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"Jones, Mari"
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The rolling snowball: lone English-origin lexical items in Guernésiais
Long-term contact with English has led to the presence in Guernésiais of a considerable number of lone English-origin lexical items (Jones, 2015). Although the presence of such items was being noted as far back as the nineteenth century, this is the first study to analyse and document them systematically. Using extensive original data, it examines these lexical items in relation to each part of speech and discusses their use in Guernésiais in the broader context of language contact. The study also considers whether, and how, lone English-origin lexical items become assimilated phonologically and morphosyntactically and whether frequency and motivation have a bearing on their usage. Le contact de longue durée avec l’anglais a conduit à la présence en guernésiais d’un nombre considérable d’éléments lexicaux isolés d’origine anglaise (Jones, 2015). Bien que la présence de ces éléments ait été notée dès le dix-neuvième siècle, cette étude est la première à les analyser et à les documenter de manière systématique. À l’aide de nombreuses données originales, elle examine ces éléments lexicaux en relation avec chaque partie du discours et discute de leur utilisation en guernésiais dans le contexte plus large du contact linguistique. L'étude examine également si, et comment, les éléments lexicaux isolés d’origine anglaise sont assimilés sur le plan phonologique et morphosyntaxique et si la fréquence et la motivation ont une influence sur leur utilisation.
Journal Article
Does language loss follow a principled structural path? Evidence from Jersey Norman French
This study examines contact-induced change in Jèrriais, the severely endangered Norman variety currently spoken by some 1% of the population of Jersey, one of the British Channel Islands. Today, English dominates all linguistic domains of island life, and all speakers of Jèrriais are bilingual. The analysis uses original data to test empirically whether Myers-Scotton's (2002) five theoretical assumptions about the structural path of language attrition (broadly defined as language loss at the level of the individual) also have relevance for the process of language obsolescence (broadly defined as language loss at the level of the community). It explores i) whether Jèrriais is undergoing contact influenced language change owing to its abstract grammatical structure being split and recombined with English, a hypothesis related to Myers-Scotton's Abstract Level model; and ii) whether different morpheme types of Jèrriais are related to the production process in different ways and are, accordingly, more or less susceptible to change during the process of language obsolescence, a hypothesis related to Myers-Scotton's 4-M model. In addition to its contribution to linguistic theory, this study increases existing knowledge about Jèrriais and makes data from this language available for systematic comparison with other languages.
Journal Article
Investigating physician self-referral in public hospitals in South East Nigeria: Insights from stakeholders
BackgroundPhysician self-referral occurs where a full-time paid doctor diverts patients from one hospital to another in which he or she has financial interest.AimThis study is aimed at investigating the views of service users, physicians and policymakers on physician self-referral practice in public hospitals in Nigeria.SettingThe study was carried out in Enugu urban area of South East Nigeria.MethodsA mix of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to collect information from different categories of stakeholders. Service user views were explored through analysis of four focus group discussions involving 26 participants and 407 questionnaires completed with household members who had recently visited a public hospital and then gone to private hospitals. In-depth interviews were completed with 15 public sector doctors not involved in dual practice and eight key policymakers.ResultsThirty-four of 407 respondents (8.4%) visiting a public hospital were diverted to a private facility associated with the attending public hospital doctor. The research examined age, gender and socio-economic status (SES) as factors that might influence the likelihood of patient diversion. Advice to transfer to a private clinic usually came directly from the doctor involved but might also come from nurses.ConclusionPhysician self-referral in Nigeria could take different forms. It was found that both direct and indirect forms of diversion exist, suggesting that this is an organised practice in which dual-practice doctors and supporting hospital staff members cooperate. The study recommends, among other things, that service users should be adequately protected from any form of diversion to private practice by the public system employee doctors.ContributionThis study contributes to understanding the extent and pattern of patient diversion in public hospitals in Nigeria. The findings reveal coordinated tactics for diverting public hospital patients and provide a direction for future research in negative behaviour among healthcare professionals in Nigeria.
Journal Article
Policy and planning for endangered languages
\"Language policy issues are imbued with a powerful symbolism that is often linked to questions of identity, with the suppression or failure to recognise and support a given endangered variety representing a refusal to grant a 'voice' to the corresponding ethno-cultural community. This wide-ranging volume, which explores linguistic scenarios from across five continents, seeks to ignite the debate as to how and whether the interface between people, politics and language can affect the fortunes of endangered varieties. With chapters written by academics working in the field of language endangerment and members of indigenous communities on the frontline of language support and maintenance, Policy and Planning for Endangered Languages is essential reading for researchers and students of language death, sociolinguistics and applied linguistics, as well as community members involved in native language maintenance\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Variation and Change in Mainland and Insular Norman
In this book, Mari C. Jones examines how contact with its two typologically different superstrates has led the Norman dialect to diverge linguistically within mainland Normandy and the Channel Islands.
eBook
Dragon Ball
A naive young monkey-tailed boy named Goku meets Bulma, a girl on a quest to collect seven \"Dragon Balls\". With a magic staff and a flying cloud, Goku sets out to help Bulma to gather the orbs which are scattered all over the world
Book
Rhythmic context modulates foreperiod effects
Two experiments examined hypotheses about the roles of probabilistic uncertainty and rhythmic context on attentional preparation as reflected by choice response times (RTs) to the final tone of auditory sequences. Nonisochronous sequences with tone timings either arranged metrically or scrambled were linked with one of three different sequence-final time intervals, or foreperiods (FPs), which varied randomly from trial to trial. Two primary results emerged. First, RTs were faster to target tones ending metrical rhythms than to targets ending scrambled rhythms. Second, metrical contexts elicited RTs that increased with FP duration, whereas scrambled contexts elicited RTs that often decreased with FP duration, despite equivalent variability of time intervals in metrical and scrambled contexts. The results suggest that time relations implied by metrical rhythms systematically modulate preparatory responses to sequence-final FPs.
Journal Article